1. Topic 3 Green Design Principles of Green Design Life Cycle Analysis Strategies for Green Design Presentation by: Karan Shah Grade: 11.4

2. Green Design Designing in a way that takes account of the environmental impact of the product throughout its life. Designing a product that is environmentally friendly throughout its life. Which means that we consider every effect the design will have on the environment from pre-production to disposal.

3. Renewable Resources Resources that are naturally replenished in a short time. Renewable resources are resources such as wind, tides or solar energy that when used by human, are naturally restored. These resources are restored faster than they are consumed and can last forever and thus are called renewable resources.

4. Non-renewable Resources Non-renewable resources are resources like coal, natural gas or petroleum that when used by humans, are not naturally restored as fast as they are consumed by humans. For e.g. coal takes millions of years to form, much slower than its rate of consumption. Thus resources such as coal are called non-renewable resources.

5. Reasons for Green Design Outline the reasons for green design It is a legislation or law to make a product environmentally friendly. Today, consumers are more aware of the impact of any product on the environment and thus want to buy a product that is environmentally friendly.

6. Reasons for Green Design Sometimes green design is used as a marketing strategy by companies to look good to the consumer as it shows that the company is thinking about the environment when making its products. One of the major reasons of green design is that people care for the environment and so choose to make a product which is environmentally friendly.

7. “Take back” legislation Take-back legislation is when the company which makes the product have to make sure that the product is environmentally safely recycled or disposed at its end-of-life. If a company does not meet the requirements of these legislation then it can be fined or some legal action can be taken against them.

8. People’s Attitude to Green Issues Eco-warriors: they are very active participants and actively protest about environmental issues. Eco-champions: they defend environmental issues but do not actively protest about these issues. They also promote good use of resources.

9. People’s Attitude to Green Issues Eco-fans: they are people who are aware about the environmental issues and do their bit by using environmentally safe products. Eco-phobes: they hate to talk about any environmental problems.

10. Eco-Footprint Eco-footprint is a term used to describe the amount of resources a human consumes compared to the time it takes for the earth to regenerate these resources. According to the calculation, if everyone was like me we would require 2.4 earths to sustain everyone. Also my carbon footprint is 19.4 tonnes.

11. Life Cycle Analysis Life Cycle Analysis is the way to analyse how the product will effect the environment throughout its life, from pre-production to disposal. This analysis provides the bases of how a product is evaluated to determine whether it is a clean design or not. It is a very effective method.

12. Eco-Labelling Today, consumers have become more aware of environmental issues and are willing to buy products that are eco-friendly and so, to inform the consumers of eco- friendly products eco-labelling was introduced. For different products different eco-labels are used. Eco-labels are also used generally to show how environment friendly the product is.

13. Eco-Labelling The Blue Angel (Blauer Engel) is a German certification for products and services that have environmentally friendly aspects. Energy star is an international standard eco-label for energy efficient electronic consumer products. The EU Ecolabel makes it easier for consumers to choose green products.

14. Eco-Labelling The Eugene Green Energy Standard is an international standard eco-label which can be used to prove that the product produces green electricity and has genuine environmental benefits. Environmental Choice New Zealand is an ecolabelling scheme in New Zealand. It also proves whether a product is environmentally friendly. This label is used on canned tuna products to show that the fish has been caught without harming or killing dolphins.

15. Eco-Labelling Schemes The objectives of these two eco-labelling schemes are: To promote products and production methods whose impact does not harms the environment much, while ensuring that the products are as effective as any others. To provide consumers with advice and information about products which are environmentally friendly. Green Seals objective is to work with manufacturers and governments so as to make the production and disposal of a product as environmentally friendly as possible. They do this by using life-cycle analysis, which means they evaluate a product from the pre- production stage to the recycling and disposal stage.

16. Design for Manufacture (DfM) Design for Manufacture or DfM means when the designer designs a product so that it can be made or manufactured at a large scale and also so that it can be manufactured by the existing manufacturing capabilities. For e.g. a computer designer can’t design a computer that cant be made by the technology we have today.

17. Design for Materials Design for Materials means when the designer is designing a product he takes into consideration what material he is going to use to make a product and whether that material is the appropriate material or not. For e.g. a designer designing a computer chip won’t design it to be made from wood, as wood can’t conduct electricity. He will design with some other material that conducts electricity.

18. Design for Process Design for Process means when the designer is designing a product, he does so keeping in mind a specific process which the product will have to go through to be made. For e.g. injection moulding is used to produce parts from thermoplastic and thermosetting plastic.

19. Design for Assembly Design for Assembly is when the designer designing the product designs it in such a way that it can be assembled easily (if it’s a kind of product that needs assembling) while its be manufactured. He takes into account every component of the design and through prototypes checks if all the components fit and work together properly.

20. Reuse, Repair, Reconditioning & Recycling Reuse: Reusing a product again, reusing it for what it was designed to do for some other purpose. For e.g. Refilling ink cartridges fin printers or using ice-cream containers as flower pots. Repair: Repairing is when you make or renew an existing part of any product. For e.g. Circuit boards on a computer or watch and clock repair (they just replace existing parts to repair it).

21. Reuse, Repair, Reconditioning & Recycling Reconditioning: Remaking a product so that it is in an, “as new as possible” condition. For e.g. Engine parts or tyres on a car. Recycling: Recycling means using materials already used to make a products, to make a different product. For e.g. Diaries and containers made using recycled paper.

22. Recycling Materials Three material groups which can be easily and economically recycled are: Thermoplastics: Plastic soft drink bottles are recycled to make detergent bottles. Metals: Metals like aluminum and steel can be easily recycled. Glass: Even after recycling the characteristics do not change much so it is used as a standard raw material for glass.

23. Design for Disassembly Design for Disassembly is when the designer designs the product so that when the life of the product ends it can easily be taken apart and its components and materials can be reused, repaired, reconditioned or recycled.

24. Strategies of Design for Disassembly Two strategies that a designer could use are: Using thermoplastic adhesives that lose their properties when reheated. e.g. the super-glue we use in class. Designing snap fittings instead of welding and gluing. e.g. on on food containers, so the material can be reused and are not spoiled.

25. Bibliography http://www.devon.gov.uk/index/environment/waste_dispo sal/recycling_kid_zone/whathappens/recyclingrecyled/re cyclingplastic.htmhttp://www.devon.gov.uk/index/environment/waste_dispo sal/recycling_kid_zone/whathappens/recyclingrecyled/re cyclingplastic.htm http://www.novelisrecycling.co.uk/index_community_recy cling_enterprise.phphttp://www.novelisrecycling.co.uk/index_community_recy cling_enterprise.php http://www.ayres.com.au/category.asp?c1id=131 http://www.88-gifts.com/razrv3/motorola-v3-razr-black- pink-hard-case.htmhttp://www.88-gifts.com/razrv3/motorola-v3-razr-black- pink-hard-case.htm http://www.clearweld.com/how.aspx http://solutions.3m.com/wps/portal/3M/en_GB/3M- Technologies/Home?WT.ac=TechnologiesGSNFloatHea dhttp://solutions.3m.com/wps/portal/3M/en_GB/3M- Technologies/Home?WT.ac=TechnologiesGSNFloatHea d