1. 2,000 B.C.

2. The Fertile Crescent

3. Tower of Babel

4. The Hanging Gardens of Babylon

5. The land between the rivers/ Euphrates and Tigris/ now Iraq The birth place of formal religion, writing, math, law,and to a large extent, architecture.

6. The original inhabitants of this area Mastered irrigation and flood control They created what is known as The Fertile Crescent located in what is now Iraq The wheel Written language/ cuneiform First legal codes Ur the home of Abraham

7. The First Urban Planners

8. Ziggurats( stair to heaven)/ to build on a raised area. The gods were believed to live in a temple on the top. Only the chief priests were allow in the temple to care for the god’s needs. Ziggurats were built of sun baked bricks and had a pyramidal shape

9. The Perennial Pyramid

11. Art Fundamentals Slide Line/ the path of a point moving through space. There are 5 kinds of lines:Vertical, Horizontal, Diagonal, Zigzag, Curved There are 5 ways lines can vary: Length, width, texture, direction, degree of curve. Shape/ area enclosed by one of the elements. Shapes have two dimensions: height and width There are different types of shapes/ organic- having irregular sides (free form, natural) geometric/ having regular sides

15. Questions 1.Mesopotamia: known as the____________. 2.Mesopotamia was located in modern day_____________. 3.Describe the types of pyramids we examined. 4.Define Bas Relief Sculpture. 5.What period of Art history did we talk about today

16. Pictorial identification

17. Choose the best term to id the following images/ line, organic shape, or geometric shape

19. Word bank Venus of Willendorf Menhir Ziggurat Cave painting at Lascaux France Dolman Bas Relief Directions: Copy word bank

25. Answer the following 1.Define Bas Relief Sculpture. 2.What 2 periods of Art history have we covered? 3.Paleolithic peoples were known as: 4.Neolithic peoples were known as: 5. List 2 types of subject matter. 6. What 6 pieces of information can you get from the credit line 7. Define shape 8. There are two types of shape list them.

26. Choose the best term to id the following images/ line, organic shape, or geometric shape

29. Give examples of the following words describing textures. Glossy Matte Rough Smooth

30. Review 4/15 texture: refers to how something feels or looks like it might feel; 2 types: simulated, real Regular/ 1111; Alternating/121212; Progressive/changing motif Random/cracks in a sidewalk; Flowing/hair; Radial/radiating out from a center point Matte, glossy, rough, smooth Visual Rhythm: repetition of any of the elements to create a pattern Random/cracks in a sidewalk; Flowing/hair; Radial/radiating out from a center point Shapes are 2 dimensional and created when an area is enclosed in some way. Test tomorrow over Prehistoric and Ancient notes ( leave out Egypt).

31. Word bank Venus of Willendorf Menhir Ziggurat Cave painting at Lascaux France Dolman Stele of Hammurabi Flowing Regular Alternating Random Progressive Radial

34. Every organized religion has traces to Babylon Nimrod built a city and established a common religion /descendent of Ham Tower of Babel Hammurapi gathered laws into a unified code

36.  king of Babylon  Code of Hammurapi set up a social order based on the rights of the individual  Eye for an eye and tooth for a tooth  The strong shall not injure the weak

37. The stone slab on which the code was carved was discovered in Susa, Iran in l901. A relief carved above the code shows Hammurapi before Shamash, the sun god, being commanded to establish just laws. He abolished the worship of other gods.

38.  Writing  Invention of zero ( meant completeness)  Blood letting and perhaps human sacrifice  Hierarchical city-state unions  Mesoamerican calendar  Mesoamerican ball game played with rubber balls. The object was to get the ball in a stone basket using knees, elbows, hips, or heads. It was so difficult to achieve the goal that the game was over when a goal was made.

39. System of writing Genius for mathematics/astronomy Refined form of architecture Located/ Mexico and Central America

46. Of all the urbanized people of the Americas, the Incas were the most brilliant engineers. The Huari- Tiahuanaco performed amazing feats of fitting gigantic stones together, and the Nazca designed mind-numbingly huge earth-drawings that still exist today. But the Inca built massive forts with stone slabs so perfectly cut that they didn't require mortar—and they're still standing today in near-perfect condition. They built roads through the mountains from Ecuador to Chile with tunnels and bridges. They also built aqueducts to their cities as the Romans had. And of all ancient peoples, they were the most advanced in medicine and surgery.. The lost Inca city Of Machu Picchu, high in the mountains of Peru

49. Native American Art Much native American art was inspired by visions. The shaman (priest-healer) would reproduce objects the gods communicated to him during a trance. Among the results of drawing on such subconscious impulses were extremely distorted Eskimo masks, among the most original art ever seen.

50. Shaman’s mask with the sun, moon and dog spirits.

51. Mound builders/ the first environmentalists? Native Americans believed in unity with nature. Tribes constructed mounds, some 100 feet high, from Florida to Wisconsin. Some imitated the shape of a tribe’s totem animal, such as an enormous, bird with spreading wings. Others were simply shaped like domes, but in each case, the builders hauled millions of tons of earth in baskets then tapped it down. The volume of the largest one near St. Louis is greater than that of the great Pyramid. In some cases, inner burial chambers, contained treasures, like the body of an aristocrat clothed entirely in pearls. Mound builders partly inspired Earthworks, movement that emerged in the late 1960’s, to make the land itself a work of art. Robert Smithson’s “Spiral Jetty” (now underwater in Great Sale Lake, Utah) is one of the better known examples of the movement.

52. Southwest tribe Geometric design rugs colored with herbal and mineral dyes/ carmine red Shamans created sand paintings for healing, fertility, hunting Sand painters still use natural pigments, like powdered rock,corn pollen, and charcoal, to produce temporary works on a flat bed of sand.

53. Carved and painted Kachina dolls out of cottonwood roots to represent gods and teach religion. Decorated underground kivas in Arizona with elaborate mural paintings of agricultural deities.

54. Northwest tribe Totem poles Masks Decorated houses canoes