1. The Mycenaeans

2. Mycenae

3. Who were the Mycenaeans? Began migrating – 2000 B.C. Came from grasslands of southern Russia Settled in lowlands of Greece Began migrating – 2000 B.C. Came from grasslands of southern Russia Settled in lowlands of Greece

5. Fortress-palaces Built on hilltops Shelter in time of attack Council meeting held in megaron (square room with fireplace in center) Built on hilltops Shelter in time of attack Council meeting held in megaron (square room with fireplace in center)

6. Citadel in Mycenae

7. Aerial View of Mycenea

8. Gate to Citadel

9. Circle Grave

11. Mycenaean Citadel

12. Mycenaea

13. Grave Circle

14. Megaron

15. Mycenae

16. Fortress Walls

17. Mycenaean Land Divided into estates Land farmed by enslaved people or tenants (people who live and work on another person’s land) Landowners gave king horses, chariots, weapons, wheat, honey, hides, and farm animals in exchange for protection Divided into estates Land farmed by enslaved people or tenants (people who live and work on another person’s land) Landowners gave king horses, chariots, weapons, wheat, honey, hides, and farm animals in exchange for protection

19. Minoan Influence Imitated Minoan gold and bronze work Adapted Cretan script Copied fashions Learned to build ships & navigate (on their own) Imitated Minoan gold and bronze work Adapted Cretan script Copied fashions Learned to build ships & navigate (on their own) Cultural Diffusion

20. Gold Mask 1550 – 1500 B.C.

21. Mycenaean Necklace 12 th Century B.C.

22. Mycenaean Gold Jewelry

23. Mycenaean Ship

24. Mycenaeans grew Olives Cooking oil Fuel for lamps Body oil Cooking oil Fuel for lamps Body oil Sale of oil made Mycenaeans rich! Sale of oil made Mycenaeans rich!

25. Olive Tree

26. Wealth led to Growth Set up trading stations Settlements developed on nearby islands Set up trading stations Settlements developed on nearby islands

27. Although Mycenaeans were successful in trade, they were…. Warriors Warriors

28. Mycenaean Warriors

29. Fought one another at first Began pirating By 1400 B.C. replaced Minoans as leader of Aegean world Fought one another at first Began pirating By 1400 B.C. replaced Minoans as leader of Aegean world

30. The Trojans Lived in Troy – a major trading city in Asia Minor Controlled trade routes to Black Sea Taxed ships carrying grain & gold from southern Russia to Greece Lived in Troy – a major trading city in Asia Minor Controlled trade routes to Black Sea Taxed ships carrying grain & gold from southern Russia to Greece

33. The Trojan War mid-1200s B.C. Mycenaeans attacked Troy mid-1200s B.C. Mycenaeans attacked Troy

35. Homer About 500 years after attack on Troy Wrote: Iliad & Odyssey Tell about the Trojan War Information came from songs & stories that had been handed down About 500 years after attack on Troy Wrote: Iliad & Odyssey Tell about the Trojan War Information came from songs & stories that had been handed down

36. The Iliad Trojan War was fought over a woman Paris, son of king of Troy, fell in love with Helen, wife of Mycenaean king Paris took Helen to Troy Trojan War was fought over a woman Paris, son of king of Troy, fell in love with Helen, wife of Mycenaean king Paris took Helen to Troy

47. King sailed to get her Walls of Troy couldn’t be passed Fought for 10 years Odysseus – build a hollow wooden horse; put best soldiers inside Remaining soldiers sail away King sailed to get her Walls of Troy couldn’t be passed Fought for 10 years Odysseus – build a hollow wooden horse; put best soldiers inside Remaining soldiers sail away

52. Let’s just Be friends! Please!

53. Trojan Horse Trojan Horse

55. Trojans thought Mycenaeans gave up and left wooden horse as victory prize Trojans wheeled in horse Mycenaeans came out at night; let in others Mycenaeans killed king, burned city, and returned home with…. Trojans thought Mycenaeans gave up and left wooden horse as victory prize Trojans wheeled in horse Mycenaeans came out at night; let in others Mycenaeans killed king, burned city, and returned home with…. Helen

63. The “Dark Age” Civil wars (wars between opposing groups of citizens) Within 100 years all fortress- palaces had been destroyed Civil wars (wars between opposing groups of citizens) Within 100 years all fortress- palaces had been destroyed

64. The Dorians Conquered Mycenaeans Mycenaeans fled to islands - Ionia Conquered Mycenaeans Mycenaeans fled to islands - Ionia

66. “Dark Age” result of: Civil Wars Dorian Invasion Civil Wars Dorian Invasion

67. “Dark Age” results: Lasted 300 years Overseas trade stopped People forgot how to write & keep records Skills of painting and working with ivory and gold disappeared Lasted 300 years Overseas trade stopped People forgot how to write & keep records Skills of painting and working with ivory and gold disappeared

68. Creation of New Civilization Started anew Herding & farming Leaders ruled small areas (kings but really chiefs) Began calling themselves Hellenes or Greeks Will flourish from 700s B.C. – 336 B.C. Started anew Herding & farming Leaders ruled small areas (kings but really chiefs) Began calling themselves Hellenes or Greeks Will flourish from 700s B.C. – 336 B.C.