1. Today’s Lesson 3/30/2015 Journal Prompt: Psychological Disorders Notes re: – DSM V – Labeling

2. Journal Prompt 3/30/15 Content Standard 1: Perspectives on abnormal behavior 1.1 Define psychologically abnormal behavior. What is a Psychological Disorder? What is the DSM 5?

3. Today’s Lesson 4/1 Journal Prompt: What do you fear? Notes: Anxiety disorders FRQ Review Homework: – Psych Sim Schizophrenia – Personality disorders packet with journal prompt “A Day in the Life” Be sure to identify which personality disorder you are describing. For Planning: – Exam April 15, Chapters 14 & 15. Multiple choice only. (We will have an extended journal entry FRQ.) – Journals and Vocabulary also due 4/15. – AP Study session 4/25 Saturday 8:30 to 11:30. – Full practice exam 4/29 for ALL STUDENTS, quiz grade.

4. Journal Prompt 4/1/2015 2.3 Describe symptoms and causes of major categories of psychological disorders (including schizophrenic, mood, anxiety, and personality disorders) Prompt: p. 603-605 Write down three things you fear. Read Understanding Anxiety disorders. Which of your fears may have an biological explanation? Which fears may have been learned by conditioning or observational learning? your phobias illustrated

5. 5 Phobias Marked by a persistent and irrational fear of an object or situation that disrupts behavior.

7. 7 Psychological Disorders To study the abnormal is the best way of understanding the normal. William James (1842-1910)

8. 8 Anxiety Disorders Feelings of excessive apprehension and anxiety. 1.Generalized anxiety disorder 2.Panic disorder 3.Phobias 4.Obsessive-compulsive disorder 5.Post-traumatic stress disorder

9. 9 Generalized Anxiety Disorder 1.Persistent and uncontrollable tenseness and apprehension. 2.Autonomic arousal. 3.Inability to identify or avoid the cause of certain feelings. Symptoms

10. 10 Panic Disorder Minutes-long episodes of intense dread which may include feelings of terror, chest pains, choking, or other frightening sensations. Anxiety is a component of both disorders. It occurs more in the panic disorder, making people avoid situations that cause it. Symptoms

11. 11 Phobias Marked by a persistent and irrational fear of an object or situation that disrupts behavior.

12. 12 Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Persistence of unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and urges to engage in senseless rituals (compulsions) that cause distress.

13. 13 A PET scan of the brain of a person with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). High metabolic activity (red) in the frontal lobe areas are involved with directing attention. Brain Imaging Brain image of an OCD

14. 14 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Four or more weeks of the following symptoms constitute post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): 1.Haunting memories 2.Nightmares 3.Social withdrawal 4.Jumpy anxiety 5.Sleep problems Bettmann/ Corbis

15. 15 Resilience to PTSD Only about 10% of women and 20% of men react to traumatic situations and develop PTSD. Holocaust survivors show remarkable resilience against traumatic situations. All major religions of the world suggest that surviving a trauma leads to the growth of an individual.

16. 16 Explaining Anxiety Disorders Freud suggested that we repress our painful and intolerable ideas, feelings, and thoughts, resulting in anxiety.

17. 17 The Learning Perspective Learning theorists suggest that fear conditioning leads to anxiety. This anxiety then becomes associated with other objects or events (stimulus generalization) and is reinforced. John Coletti/ Stock, Boston

18. 18 The Learning Perspective Investigators believe that fear responses are inculcated through observational learning. Young monkeys develop fear when they watch other monkeys who are afraid of snakes.

19. 19 The Biological Perspective Natural Selection has led our ancestors to learn to fear snakes, spiders, and other animals. Therefore, fear preserves the species. Twin studies suggest that our genes may be partly responsible for developing fears and anxiety. Twins are more likely to share phobias.

20. 20 The Biological Perspective Generalized anxiety, panic attacks, and even OCD are linked with brain circuits like the anterior cingulate cortex. Anterior Cingulate Cortex of an OCD patient. S. Ursu, V.A. Stenger, M.K. Shear, M.R. Jones, & C.S. Carter (2003). Overactive action monitoring in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychological Science, 14, 347-353.

21. Today’s Lesson 4/6/2015 2 Journal prompts on Depression. Notes: Depression; Schizophrenia Discussion Question: Schizophrenia & “Multiple Personality Disorder” Psych Sim on Schizophrenia is due today.

22. 4/6 Journal prompt #1 Biological perspective on depression. 2.3 Describe symptoms and causes of major categories of psychological disorders (including schizophrenic, mood, anxiety, and personality disorders.) p. 617-618 Researchers are gaining insight into depression by studying brain activity and neurotransmitters of people in depressive states. 1) Describe three findings about brain activity in depression. 2) Describe two findings about neurotransmitters in depression. Image Source: http://www.namcp.org/Md_Resource_Centers/depression/cause.html

23. 4/6 Journal prompt # 2 Social Cognitive Perspective on Depression 2.4 Evaluate how different factors influence an individual’s experience of psychological disorders. Explanatory Styles As I read a series of individual words, pause for a few seconds to think of a past experience you associate with the word.

24. Depression and Memory Ice Wood Letter House Race Sign Meeting Travel Machine

25. Depression and Memory Tally the total number of pleasant and unpleasant experiences you recalled When we are depressed, we remember more unpleasant than pleasant events. Copy the graphic on explanatory styles.

26. 26 Negative Thoughts and Moods Explanatory style plays a major role in becoming depressed.

27. Discussion Questions People unfamiliar with the study of abnormal behavior sometimes confuse “multiple personality” with schizophrenia. How would you explain the differences? In what ways do personality disorders differ from other psychological disorders? In what ways are they similar?

28. Today’s Lesson 4/10 Journal Prompt: Predictors for psychological Disorders Begin Chapter 15 Therapy – The Psychological Therapies

29. Journal Prompt: 4/10 2.4 Evaluate how different factors influence an individual’s experience of psychological disorders P. 631-632 a)What is the connection between psychological disorders and poverty? b)Which psychological disorders are often recognized in childhood? c)At what time of life do most disorders strike? Give examples. http://parentingtheatriskchild.com/ASP.html

30. Today’s Lesson 4/13 Journal Prompt: Effectiveness of therapy Biomedical therapies Test Next Class: Chapters 14 & 15 Journal and vocabulary are also due.

31. Journal Prompt: 4/13 p. 653-655 1)Explain two ways clients’ and therapists’ perceptions of the effectiveness of therapy are vulnerable to inflation. 2)What are the conclusions of meta- analysis of the effectiveness of therapy? 2.4 Evaluate the efficacy of treatments for particular disorders