1. External and *internal changes*
Girls and Puberty
External and *internal changes*

2. Visible changes Breast development -feel sore at times
-one often develops before the other
-can take 3-5 years before fully developed
-often unequal in size
-size is primarily determined by genes
Height and weight increase
-about 25% of the female adult body is fat (15% of the male body)
-23% of the female body is muscle (40% of the male body)
-Women can endure some kinds of physical stress more easily than men.
(famine, cold, and drought, and do very well in endurance sports)

3. Visible changes… Hips broaden to prepare for delivery of a baby
Armpit hair
Pubic hair
Hair on arms and legs

4. ?Questions? What are breasts for? What determines breast size?
Why do a girl’s hips get wider but a boy’s don’t?

5. Female Reproductive System
External Genitals
Vulva (labia majora and minora) protects the internal sex organs
Clitoris –small, sensitive organ located above the opening to the vagina
Urethra, Vagina, Anus 3 openings

6. Internal reproductive Organs
Vagina -leads to other internal reproductive organs
-used for menstruation, intercourse, childbirth
-thin membrane (hymen) surrounds the vaginal opening
Uterus -also called the womb
-where the baby grows
-about the size of a pear
-enlarges during pregnancy (not the stomach)
Fallopian Tubes
-2 tubes on either side of the uterus
-passageway from the uterus to ovary
Ovaries
-females have 2
-reproductive glands
-start producing hormones at puberty
-hold about 250,000 ova (eggs) until puberty
Ovum -also called egg cell
-special cell, when united with male sperm cell, can create a baby (this is called fertilization

7. Female Reproductive System
(Handout)
Try to label.

9. Use the following words to try to label the diagram:
Top diagram
Anus
Vaginal opening
Urethra
Labia majora
Labia minora
Clitoris
**Check answers next slide
Bottom diagram
Cervix
Ovary
Fallopian tubes
Rectum
Anus
Bladder
Vagina
uterus

11. Changes in reproductive organs at Puberty
Discharge
-keeps vagina clean and healthy
-varies from whitish and pasty to clear and slippery
-if bad odor, may be an infection
2) Ovulation
-once ovaries start producing hormones, the message is given to start releasing one ovum, once a month, from one ovary
-usually a girl cannot feel this happening
-if egg is not fertilized in a day or so, it dissolves

12. Menstruation
-uterus must prepare for growth of a baby
-hormones from ovaries send message to the uterus to grow a thick lining of tissue and blood
-lining contains nutrients to nourish the egg and sperm is fertilization occurs
-if the egg is NOT fertilized, the lining is not needed to nourish the baby…so the uterus sheds the lining (takes 5-7 days) This is called MENSTRUATION.
-once it is shed, a new lining begins to grow
-This happens again, that is why it is called a CYCLE.

13. ?Questions? How does it feel if you fall and get a cut on your knee?
How does it feel if you have a nosebleed?
Do you think having a period is more like cutting your knee or more like a nosebleed? Why?
Why does a girl get a period?
What does a girl use to absorb the menstrual blood?
How does a woman decide which type of menstrual product she will use?

14. Menstrual Products Pads Tampons Various sizes
Have adhesive strip which sticks to underwear
Necessary to wear protection 24 hours a day
Must change frequently, approx. every 3-4 hours
Dispose of in wastebasket (wrap in toilet paper first)
Scented pads may irritate some people’s skin
Tampons
Swimming requires tampons
Menstrual fluid is absorbed within the vagina
Often not used when period first begins
Should be changed every 3-4 hours (TSS-toxic shock syndrome)
Held in place by vagina
String to remove tampon-very strong
Dispose of in wastebasket (wrap in toilet paper first)

15. Review Questions List 4 visible changes in girls during Puberty.
What determines breast size?
Name 2 external female genitals.
Name 2 internal female reproductive organs.
Describe Menstruation.
Name 2 menstrual products.