1. Adolescence

2. definition of puberty
Broad definition: The physical, psychological, and cultural changes that occur as the growing child transitions into adulthood.
Narrow definition: The process by which an individual becomes capable of reproduction.

3. time periods of adolescent
Adolescence is a unique developmental period
it keeps changing!
Everyone goes through changes at their own RATE
Early adolescence – 11 to 13 years old
Continues to be pushed earlier (9-10…)
Middle adolescence – 14 to 17 years old
Late adolescence (early adulthood) – 18 to 20 years old
Continues to be pushed later (21-24…)

4. physical changes… Primary sex characteristics
The body organs and reproductive structures and functions that differ between women and men.
Related directly to reproductive cells.
Gametes (Sperm and Eggs)
Secondary sex characteristics
Characteristics of the body that are caused by hormones, (testosterone and estrogen) develop during puberty, and last through adult life.
Changes in genitals/breasts/voice
Pubic/body/facial hair

5. changes… Rapid acceleration of physical growth
Adolescent growth spurt
3.5 (girls) to 4.0 (boys) inches/year
½ adult weight gained during adolescence
Changes in body composition
Males waist lines shrink
Females hips widen, body fat increases
Emergence of sex differences in physical performance

6. roles of hormones Activational role (specific to puberty):
Structural “remodeling” of brain
Increase in sexual motivation
Development of secondary sex characteristics

7. impacts of puberty Sleep patterns Family relations Social Changes
Delayed phase preference
9 hours: 1 am to 10 am
Family relations
Transformation of parent-child bond
Social Changes
Peers may challenge your beliefs
Making new friends, being accepted into new peer groups

8. impacts of puberty Self-esteem Moods Changing body image
Changing sense of self
Moods
Increased stress + Increased sensitivity
Fluctuation of moods
Due to hormones or environment?

9. moods

10. timing - individual factors
Genetic factors
Timing and tempo
Environmental factors
Nutrition
Body weight
Exposure to hormones/chemicals
Family conflict
Stepfathers

11. early maturation Boys Girls Early maturation positives
Popularity, higher self-esteem
Early maturation negatives
Deviant, risk behaviors; more rigidity later
Girls
Popularity (cultural dependence)
Lower self-esteem, eating disorders, emotions, deviant behaviors

12. late maturation Boys Girls Late maturation positives
Higher levels of creativity, inventiveness
Late maturation negatives
Low self-esteem, low social competence
Girls
Thinner build
Social withdrawal

13. Gender Identity What are some of the grounds of identity? Gender
Ethnicity/culture
Age group
Vocation
Political ideology
Religious/moral values

14. What is gender identity? Adolescence – adulthood
Function of gender roles
Adolescence – adulthood
Gender intensification
Social/cultural pressures
Peer pressures
Parental pressures
Biological pressures

15. Ethnic Identity What is ethnic identity? Identification
Physical/psychological characteristics
Cultural practices/beliefs

16. Other types of Identity
Vocational identity
Aspect of identity associated with career.
Being a lawyer
Being a janitor
Religious identity
Aspect of identity associated with religious belief system.
Being a Christian or Buddhist
Being an atheist
Age identity
Aspects of identity associated with age group.
Being a teenager
Being an elderly person

17. Identity and stereotypes
Identities commonly incorporate/activate stereotypes
Common characteristics associated with
Being female
Being Native American
Being a plumber
Being overweight
Some characteristics positive, others negative.