1. Copyright (c) 2008, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

2. Copyright © 2005, Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 1 1 Copyright (c) 2008, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 4 Organ Systems of the Body

3. 2 Copyright (c) 2008, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Learning Objectives Define and contrast the terms organ and organ system List the 11 major organ systems of the body Identify and locate the major organs of each major organ system Briefly describe the major functions of each major organ system Identify and discuss the major subdivisions of the reproductive system

4. Copyright © 2005, Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 3 3 Copyright (c) 2008, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 4 Lesson 4.1 Chapter 4 Lesson 4.1

5. 4 Copyright (c) 2008, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Organ Systems Organ: A structure made up of two or more kinds of tissues organized in such a way that they can together perform a more complex function than can any tissue alone Organ system: A group of organs arranged in such a way that they can together perform a more complex function than can any organ alone

6. 5 Copyright (c) 2008, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Integumentary System  Structure—organs  Skin  Hair  Nails  Sense receptors  Sweat glands  Oil glands  Functions  Protection  Regulation of body temperature  Synthesis of chemicals  Sense organ Organ Systems (cont'd.)

7. 6 Copyright (c) 2008, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Organ Systems (cont'd.) Integumentary System

8. 7 Copyright (c) 2008, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Organ Systems (cont'd.) Skeletal system  Structure  Bones  Joints  Functions  Support  Movement (with joints and muscles)  Storage of minerals  Blood cell formation

9. 8 Copyright (c) 2008, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Organ Systems (cont'd.) Skeletal System

10. 9 Copyright (c) 2008, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Organ Systems (cont'd.) Muscular system  Structure  Muscles o Voluntary or striated o Involuntary or smooth o Cardiac  Functions  Movement  Maintenance of body pressure  Production of heat

11. 10 Copyright (c) 2008, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Organ Systems (cont'd.) Muscular System

12. 11 Copyright (c) 2008, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Organ Systems (cont'd.) Nervous system  Structure  Brain  Spinal cord  Nerves  Sense organs  Functions  Communication between body functions  Integration of body functions  Control of body functions  Recognition of sensory stimuli

13. 12 Copyright (c) 2008, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Organ Systems (cont'd.) Nervous System

14. 13 Copyright (c) 2008, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Organ Systems (cont'd.) Endocrine system  Structure  Pituitary gland  Pineal gland  Hypothalamus  Thyroid gland  Parathyroid gland  Functions  Secretion of special substances called hormones directly into the blood  Same as nervous system—communication, integration, and control  Thymus gland  Adrenal glands  Pancreas  Ovaries (female)  Testes (male)

15. 14 Copyright (c) 2008, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Organ Systems (cont'd.) Endocrine System

16. Copyright © 2005, Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 15 15 Copyright (c) 2008, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 4 Lesson 4.2

17. 16 Copyright (c) 2008, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Cardiovascular (Circulatory) System  Structure  Heart  Blood vessels o Arteries o Veins o Capillaries  Functions  Transportation  Regulation of body temperature  Immunity (body defense) Organ Systems (cont'd.)

18. 17 Copyright (c) 2008, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Cardiovascular (Circulatory) System Organ Systems (cont'd.)

19. 18 Copyright (c) 2008, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Organ Systems (cont'd.) Lymphatic system  Structure  Lymph nodes  Lymphatic vessels  Thymus  Spleen  Functions  Transportation  Immunity (body defense)

20. 19 Copyright (c) 2008, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Organ Systems (cont'd.) Lymphatic System

21. 20 Copyright (c) 2008, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Organ Systems (cont'd.) Respiratory system  Structure  Nose  Pharynx  Larynx  Trachea  Bronchi  Lungs  Functions  Exchange of waste gas (carbon dioxide) for oxygen in the lungs  Area of gas exchange in the lungs called alveoli  Filtration of irritants from inspired air  Warms and humidifies air  Regulation of acid–base balance

22. 21 Copyright (c) 2008, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Organ Systems (cont'd.) Respiratory System

23. 22 Copyright (c) 2008, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Organ Systems (cont'd.) Digestive system  Structure  Primary organs o Mouth o Pharynx o Esophagus o Stomach o Small intestine o Large intestine o Rectum o Anal canal  Accessory organs o Teeth o Salivary glands o Tongue o Liver o Gallbladder o Pancreas o Appendix

24. 23 Copyright (c) 2008, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Organ Systems (cont'd.) Digestive system  Functions  Mechanical and chemical breakdown (digestion) of food  Absorption of nutrients

25. 24 Copyright (c) 2008, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Organ Systems (cont'd.) Digestive System

26. 25 Copyright (c) 2008, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Organ Systems (cont'd.) Urinary system  Structure  Kidneys  Ureters  Urinary bladder  Urethra  Functions  Cleaning or clearing blood of waste products—waste product excreted from body is called urine  Electrolyte balance  Water balance  Acid–base balance  Secretion of a erythropoietin necessary for red blood cell production

27. 26 Copyright (c) 2008, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Organ Systems (cont'd.) Urinary System

28. 27 Copyright (c) 2008, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Organ Systems (cont'd.) Reproductive System  Structure  Male o Gonad: Testes o Genital ducts: Vas deferens, urethra o Urethra: Carries sperm and serves as passageway for urine o Accessory gland: Prostate o Supporting structures: Genitalia (penis and scrotum)

29. 28 Copyright (c) 2008, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Organ Systems (cont'd.) Male Reproductive System

30. 29 Copyright (c) 2008, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Organ Systems (cont'd.) Reproductive system  Structure  Female o Gonads: Ovaries o Accessory organs: Uterus, uterine (fallopian) tubes, vagina o Supporting structures: Genitalia (vulva), mammary glands (breasts)  Functions  Survival of genes  Production of sex cells (ova)  Development and birth of offspring  Nourishment of offspring  Production of sex hormones

31. 30 Copyright (c) 2008, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Organ Systems (cont'd.) Female Reproductive System