1. Harcourt 13-14 Theme 3 Lesson 12 Grammar, Day 2 Materials needed:
-dry erase boards, markers, erasers
-Lesson 12, Ticket Out the Door Day 1

2. How can I identify different types of nouns?
The BIG Question:
How can I identify different types of nouns?
Last week, we started to answer this big question.
Can someone remind us?
So far, we’ve learned 4 types of nouns…

3. teacher Mr. Miller city Reading mountain Mt. Everest common noun
proper
noun
a noun that names any person, place, or thing
a noun that names a particular person, place, or thing
What do you call a noun that names any person, place, or thing such as * teacher, city, or mountain? *
What do you call * a noun that names a particular person, place, or thing, such as * Mr. Miller, Reading, and Mt. Everest? *
How must proper nouns always be written? (with a capital letter)
What do you call…
teacher
Mr. Miller
city
Reading
mountain
Mt. Everest

4. child children wolf wolves brush brushes singular noun plural noun
a noun that names ONE person, place, or thing
a noun that names MORE THAN ONE person, place, or thing
…a noun that names one person, place, or thing, such as child, wolf, and brush? *
What do you call * a noun that names more than one person, place, or thing, such as children, wolves, and brushes? *
Today we have a new, but important, big question to answer…
child
children
wolf
wolves
brush
brushes

5. How can I write the plural form of nouns correctly?
The BIG Question:
How can I write the plural form of nouns correctly?
Can someone read it?
There are quite a lot of rules to remember for writing plural nouns correctly.
But, it is important for us to learn these rules because nouns are the type of word that you use most when you write!
As we learn the rules, we’ll write them on a sheet to put in our Reader’s and Writer’s Notebook.
Check out these…

6. To make most nouns plural, just add s.
Singular
Plural
girl
crayon
dog
school
girls
girls
crayons
crayons
dogs
dogs
…singular nouns.
What would be the plural form of girl? *
How about crayon? *
What about dog? *
What’s the plural form of school? *
Can you think of a rule for making nouns plural that goes with all of these words?
Let’s add this first rule to our sheet…
schools
schools
To make most nouns plural, just add s.

7. s school schools (click to show answers) Now check out these…
* Many singular nouns are made plural by adding _____.
Singular: ____________________ Plural: ____________________
* Singular nouns that end with s, z, x, ch, or sh are made plural by adding _____.
Singular: ____________________ Plural: ____________________
* Add _____ to most singular nouns that end in a consonant plus o.
school
schools
(click to show answers)
Now check out these…

8. If a noun ends in x, s, ch, sh, or z, add es to make it plural.
Singular
Plural
foxes
foxes
fox
bus
branch
dish
buzz
buses
buses
branches
branches
…singular nouns.
What would be the plural form of fox? *
How about bus? *
What about branch? *
What’s the plural form of dish? *
How about buzz, like the buzz of a bee? *
Talk to your partner. See if you can come up with a rule for making nouns plural that goes with all of these words. *
If you just added an s to these words, you wouldn’t be able to say the word! (do examples: foxs, buss, branchs)
Let’s fill in that rule on our sheet…
dishes
dishes
buzzes
buzzes
If a noun ends in x, s, ch, sh, or z, add es to make it plural.

9. s school schools es bus buses buzz buzzes box boxes switch switches
* Many singular nouns are made plural by adding _____.
Singular: ____________________ Plural: ____________________
* Singular nouns that end with s, z, x, ch, or sh are made plural by adding _____.
Singular: ____________________ Plural: ____________________
* Add _____ to most singular nouns that end in a consonant plus o.
school
schools es
bus
buses
buzz
buzzes
box
boxes
switch
switches
(click to show answers)
Now check out these…
bush
bushes

10. Add es to most nouns that end in a consonant + o.
Singular
Plural
volcano
potato
hero
echo
volcanoes
volcanoes
…singular nouns.
What would be the plural form of volcano? *
How about potato? *
What about hero? *
What’s the plural form of echo? *
Talk to your partner. See if you can come up with a rule for making nouns plural that goes with all of these words. *
Notice that the rule says “add es to most nouns that end in o.” There are some words like photo and piano that just have an s at the end to make them plural.
If you are not sure whether to add es or just s, what reference source can you use? (dictionary)
Let’s add this rule to our sheet…
potatoes
potatoes
heroes
heroes
echoes
echoes
Add es to most nouns that end in a consonant + o.

11. s school schools es bus buses buzz buzzes box boxes switch switches
* Many singular nouns are made plural by adding _____.
Singular: ____________________ Plural: ____________________
* Singular nouns that end with s, z, x, ch, or sh are made plural by adding _____.
Singular: ____________________ Plural: ____________________
* Add _____ to most singular nouns that end in a consonant plus o.
school
schools es
bus
buses
buzz
buzzes
box
boxes
switch
switches
(click to show answers)
Now check out these…
bush
bushes es
potato
potatoes

12. If a noun ends in a consonant + y, change the y to an i and add es.
Singular
Plural
baby
city
lady
butterfly
babies
babies
cities
cities
…singular nouns.
What would be the plural form of baby? *
How about city? *
What about lady? *
What’s the plural form of butterfly? *
Talk to your partner. See if you can come up with a rule for making nouns plural that goes with all of these words. *
Notice that the rule says I change the y to an i if there is a consonant in front of it.
Look at these words that end in y…
ladies
ladies
butterflies
butterflies
If a noun ends in a consonant + y, change the y to an i and add es.

13. To make most nouns plural, just add s.
Singular
Plural
day
boy
play
guy
daies
days
boies
boys
plaies
plays
What kind of letter comes before the y in all of these? (vowel)
I wouldn’t do this…*. That would be silly!
How do I make these words plural? *
So they follow the other rule we learned…*
I only change the y to an i, if there is a consonant before the y.
Let’s add that rule to our sheet…
guies
guys
To make most nouns plural, just add s.

14. i es puppy puppies (click to show answers) Now check out these…
* If a singular noun ends in a consonant + y, change the y to an ___ and add _____.
Singular: ____________________ Plural: ____________________
* Usually change the f or fe at the end of a singular noun into ____ to form the plural.
* Some singular nouns have a special spelling for their plural form.
* Some singular nouns do not change spelling when they become plural.
puppy
puppies
(click to show answers)
Now check out these…

15. Most nouns that end in f or fe, change the f to a v and add es.
Singular
Plural
life
shelf
calf
scarf
lives
lives
shelves
shelves
…singular nouns.
What would be the plural form of life? *
How about shelf? *
What about calf? *
What’s the plural form of scarf? *
Talk to your partner. See if you can come up with a rule for making nouns plural that goes with all of these words. *
Notice it says most nouns. One word that doesn’t fit this rule is the word safe. I would just add s because if I changed the f to a v, I would have the word saves and that means something totally different.
Let’s add this rule to our sheet…
calves
calves
scarves
scarves
Most nouns that end in f or fe, change the f to a v and add es.

16. i es puppy puppies ves shelf shelves knife knives
* If a singular noun ends in a consonant + y, change the y to an ___ and add _____.
Singular: ____________________ Plural: ____________________
* Usually change the f or fe at the end of a singular noun into ____ to form the plural.
* Some singular nouns have a special spelling for their plural form.
* Some singular nouns do not change spelling when they become plural.
puppy
puppies
ves
shelf
shelves
knife
knives
(click to show answers)
Now check out these…

17. Some singular nouns have a special spelling for the plural form.
men
man
child
woman
tooth
goose
children
women
…singular nouns.
What would be the plural form of man? *
How about child? *
What about woman? *
What’s the plural form of tooth? *
How about goose? *
Talk to your partner. See if you can come up with a rule for making nouns plural that goes with all of these words. *
Let’s add that rule to our sheet…
teeth
geese
Some singular nouns have a special spelling for the plural form.

18. i es puppy puppies ves shelf shelves knife knives foot feet woman
* If a singular noun ends in a consonant + y, change the y to an ___ and add _____.
Singular: ____________________ Plural: ____________________
* Usually change the f or fe at the end of a singular noun into ____ to form the plural.
* Some singular nouns have a special spelling for their plural form.
* Some singular nouns do not change spelling when they become plural.
puppy
puppies
ves
shelf
shelves
knife
knives
foot
feet
(click to show answers)
There is one final rule.
Check out these…
woman
women
goose
geese

19. Some singular nouns do not change spelling when they become plural.
deer
fish
moose
sheep
deer
fish
moose
…singular nouns.
What would be the plural form of deer? *
How about fish? *
What about mouse? *
What’s the plural form of sheep? *
What do you notice about all of these words when you make them plural? *
Let’s add this final rule to our sheet…
sheep
Some singular nouns do not change spelling when they become plural.

20. i es puppy puppies ves shelf shelves knife knives foot feet woman
* If a singular noun ends in a consonant + y, change the y to an ___ and add _____.
Singular: ____________________ Plural: ____________________
* Usually change the f or fe at the end of a singular noun into ____ to form the plural.
* Some singular nouns have a special spelling for their plural form.
* Some singular nouns do not change spelling when they become plural.
puppy
puppies
ves
shelf
shelves
knife
knives
foot
feet
(click to show answers)
Let’s add this page to our…
woman
women
goose
geese
deer,
fish,
sheep,
moose,
dozen,
hundred

21. My Reader’s and Writer’s Notebook
Find your writing section, and open to the page after page 7…
Mrs. Littlefield LA 4

22. Spelling Plural Nouns
Write an 8 in the bottom corner.
We’ll write the title…*
Then you can glue on your sheet…*
When you are finished, find your Table of Contents page… 8

23. On the next line, we’ll write...* We’ll also add a * page number.
Table of Contents
Figures of Speech 1
4 Types of Sentences 2
8 Parts of Speech 3
Subjects and Predicates 4
Sentence Structures 5
Clauses 6
Types of Nouns 7
Spelling Plural Nouns 8
On the next line, we’ll write...*
We’ll also add a * page number.
You may put your Reader’s and Writer’s Notebook away.
Now…

24. Let’s
Practice!
Let’s practice using the rules that we just learned for making nouns plural.
(get dry erase boards, markers, erasers)
I am going to show you a singular noun.
You write the plural noun. 24 24

25. If a noun ends in x, s, ch, sh, or z, add es to make it plural.
Singular
Plural
fox
foxes
The singular noun is…
Write the plural noun.
The plural noun is…*
The rule we learned was…*
If a noun ends in x, s, ch, sh, or z, add es to make it plural.

26. To make most nouns plural, just add s.
Singular
Plural
folder
folders
The singular noun is…
Write the plural noun.
The plural noun is…*
The rule we learned was…*
To make most nouns plural, just add s.

27. Add es to most nouns that end in a consonant + o.
Singular
Plural
zero
zeroes
The singular noun is…
Write the plural noun.
The plural noun is…*
The rule we learned was…*
Add es to most nouns that end in a consonant + o.

28. Some singular nouns have a special spelling for the plural form.
person
people
The singular noun is…
Write the plural noun.
The plural noun is…*
The rule we learned was…*
Some singular nouns have a special spelling for the plural form.

29. If a noun ends in a consonant + y, change the y to an i and add es.
Singular
Plural
fly
flies
The singular noun is…
Write the plural noun.
The plural noun is…*
The rule we learned was…*
If a noun ends in a consonant + y, change the y to an i and add es.

30. To make most nouns plural, just add s.
Singular
Plural
holiday
holidays
The singular noun is…
Write the plural noun.
The plural noun is…*
The rule we learned was…*
To make most nouns plural, just add s.

31. Most nouns that end in f or fe, change the f to a v and add es.
Singular
Plural
leaf
leaves
The singular noun is…
Write the plural noun.
The plural noun is…*
The rule we learned was…*
Most nouns that end in f or fe, change the f to a v and add es.

32. Some singular nouns have a special spelling for the plural form.
foot
feet
The singular noun is…
Write the plural noun.
The plural noun is…*
The rule we learned was…*
Some singular nouns have a special spelling for the plural form.

33. Some singular nouns do not change spelling when they become plural.
shrimp
shrimp
The singular noun is…
Write the plural noun.
The plural noun is…*
The rule we learned was…*
Some singular nouns do not change spelling when they become plural.

34. Add es to most nouns that end in a consonant + o.
Singular
Plural
hero
heroes
The singular noun is…
Write the plural noun.
The plural noun is…*
The rule we learned was…*
Add es to most nouns that end in a consonant + o.

35. If a noun ends in a consonant + y, change the y to an i and add es.
Singular
Plural
story
stories
The singular noun is…
Write the plural noun.
The plural noun is…*
The rule we learned was…*
If a noun ends in a consonant + y, change the y to an i and add es.

36. If a noun ends in x, s, ch, sh, or z, add es to make it plural.
Singular
Plural
brush
brushes
The singular noun is…
Write the plural noun.
The plural noun is…*
The rule we learned was…*
If a noun ends in x, s, ch, sh, or z, add es to make it plural.

37. Most nouns that end in f or fe, change the f to a v and add es.
Singular
Plural
half
halves
The singular noun is…
Write the plural noun.
The plural noun is…*
The rule we learned was…*
Most nouns that end in f or fe, change the f to a v and add es.

38. If a noun ends in a consonant + y, change the y to an i and add es.
Singular
Plural
pony
ponies
The singular noun is…
Write the plural noun.
The plural noun is…*
The rule we learned was…*
If a noun ends in a consonant + y, change the y to an i and add es.

39. Some singular nouns do not change spelling when they become plural.
chalk
chalk
The singular noun is…
Write the plural noun.
The plural noun is…*
The rule we learned was…*
Some singular nouns do not change spelling when they become plural.

40. Most nouns that end in f or fe, change the f to a v and add es.
Singular
Plural
wife
wives
The singular noun is…
Write the plural noun.
The plural noun is…*
The rule we learned was…*
Most nouns that end in f or fe, change the f to a v and add es.

41. Some singular nouns have a special spelling for the plural form.
mouse
mice
The singular noun is…
Write the plural noun.
The plural noun is…*
The rule we learned was…*
Some singular nouns have a special spelling for the plural form.

42. If a noun ends in x, s, ch, sh, or z, add es to make it plural.
Singular
Plural
patch
patches
The singular noun is…
Write the plural noun.
The plural noun is…*
The rule we learned was…*
If a noun ends in x, s, ch, sh, or z, add es to make it plural.

43. If a noun ends in x, s, ch, sh, or z, add es to make it plural.
Singular
Plural
pass
passes
The singular noun is…
Write the plural noun.
The plural noun is…*
The rule we learned was…*
On your weekly test, you will need to look at some sentences to decide which one is written correctly.
I’m going to show you some sentences. You choose which sentence is written correctly.
If a noun ends in x, s, ch, sh, or z, add es to make it plural.

44. Which is written correctly?
A. One man and two woman entered
the store.
B. One man and two womans
entered the store.
C. One man and two women
Write the letter of the correct sentence. *

45. Which is written correctly?
A. The elfs made gifts for the
children.
B. The elves made gifts for the
C. The elfes made gifts for the
Write the letter of the correct sentence. *

46. Which is written correctly?
A. The two porch are painted yellow.
B. The two porchs are painted
yellow.
C. The two porches are painted
Write the letter of the correct sentence. *

47. Which is written correctly?
A. Two mice ran across the room.
B. Two mouses ran across the
room.
C. Two mouse ran across the room.
Write the letter of the correct sentence. *

48. Which is written correctly?
A. My pony is smaller than the other
two ponys.
B. My pony is smaller than the other
two ponies.
C. My pony is smaller than the other
two pony.
Write the letter of the correct sentence. *

49. Which is written correctly?
A. I stacked three box on the
table.
B. I stacked three boxs on the table.
C. I stacked three boxes on the
Write the letter of the correct sentence. *
Here is your…