1. Unit 7
The Urinary System

2. Essential Questions What are the functions of the kidney?
How is urine formed and what are the components of urine?
How does what we ingest have an effect on our urine?
What role does ADH play in urine formation?

3. Day 1 Required Readings: Learning Objectives: 16.1, 16.2
Identify the organs of the urinary system and describe their general functions
Describe the structure and blood supply of the kidney
Describe the structure and functions of a nephron
Compare filtration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion
Explain how urine is formed

4. Starter Bozeman Video: Osmoregulation
What is the difference between an osmoconformer and an osmoregulator?
How are salt water and fresh water fish’s urine different?
What is/are:
Nephrons
Loop of Henle
Glomerulus
Collecting duct
Time: 20 minutes

5. Activity 1 What are the 3 functions of the kidney?
Write a poem that outlines the functions of the kidney
Time: 20 minutes

6. Activity 2
On poster paper, draw a picture of a nephron and include the following structures:
Glomerulus, Bowman’s capsule, descending limb, ascending limb, collecting duct, loop of Henle
On the ascending limb, descending limb, and collecting duct, include the following:
Where water is absorbed/secreted
Where salt is absorbed/secreted
Time: 40 minutes

8. Closing
Why is water removed in the descending limb only to be reabsorbed in the ascending limb?
Which hormone is responsible in urine production?
How does urine production alter with the consumption of the following:
Caffeine
Alcohol
Excess water
Not enough water?

9. Day 2 Required Readings: Learning Objectives: Kidney Dissection
To identify the structures and functions of the structures of the kidney
To determine the fate of a soda molecule

10. Starter Label the following parts on the kidney and nephron:
Time: 10 minutes

12. Answers Kidney Nephron 1) Renal cortex 2) Renal medulla
3) Renal pelvis (minor/major calyx)
4) Nephron
5) Ureter
Nephron
A) Glomerulus
B) Descending limb
C) Loop of Henle
D) Ascending Limb
E) Collecting Duct

13. Activity 1 Kidney dissection
Read through the instructions and dissect with your group
Clean up when you are finished
Time: 30 minutes

14. Activity 2
Using the powerpoint slides as a guide, write a story explaining what happens to a coke when you drink it
Use a diagram to help aid your explanation
Time: 20 minutes

15. Homework
Complete your story – Due February 11

16. Day 3 Required Readings: Learning Objectives: 16.3
Explain how water and electrolyte balance and pH balance are maintained in body fluids
Explain how nitrogenous wastes are kept within normal limits in body fluids

17. Starter The following four hormones act on the kidneys:
Aldosterone
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH)
Parathyroid hormone
What is the function of these hormones?
Where do the hormones come from?
Time: 15 minutes

18. Activity 1
Read through “The 2000-Meter Row: A Case in Homeostasis” with your group
For the questions, there are 2 systems we haven’t talked about yet (nervous, endocrine), but try your best to incorporate those systems into your answers
The hormones you can talk about are the 4 that act on the kidneys as well as epinephrine (adrenaline)
Time: 30 minutes

19. Activity 2 You will be assigned numbers 1-4
Move to your new group and discuss what was happening physiologically to Jim during his 2000m race
Time: 15 minutes

20. Activity 3
Create a poster for the athletes at TASOK explaining the importance water intake
Everyone will create one
Ideas to get you started:
How does dehydration negatively effect their performance?
What are some long-term effects of dehydration
What are good drinks to have during and after exercise? (Think: electrolyte balance)
What advantage would monitoring their pee have? How should it look?
Time: 30 minutes

21. Closing & Homework
What hormones act on the kidneys and what are their functions?
How does water intake effect an athlete’s performance?
Homework:
Coke story
Water poster
Read 16.4, 16.5

22. Day 4 Required Readings: Learning Objectives: 16.4, 16.5
Describe the structure and function of the ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra
Describe the control of micturition
Indicate the normal components of urine

23. Starter What are the components in urine?
What components would be a concern if they were found in the urine?
What could a potential diagnosis be if these components are found in the urine?
Time: 10 minutes

24. Activity 1 Create a model of the structures involved in micturition
The model should be a working model that shows what happens when urine enters the bladder
i.e. How much urine can the bladder hold?
What happens when urine accumulates in the bladder?
Time: 20 minutes

26. Activity 2 Complete Lab 1: Urinalysis
You will need a hot plate, test tubes, test tube rack, and test tube tongs
Put everything you used that needs to be washed in the sink after
Please put the dissecting pans, dissecting kits and stopwatches back in your lab bench when completed
Time: 45 minutes

27. Closing What could the presence of glucose indicate?
What could the presence of protein indicate?

28. Homework
Complete Lab 1: Urinalysis
Due February 17

29. Day 5 Required Readings: Learning Objectives: Modeling Kidney Function
Investigate the function of a human kidney by constructing a model
Understand the mechanism of urine formation in the kidney
Observe osmosis as it relates to kidney filtration
Relate kidney function to homeostasis

30. Starter
What is the function of kidneys with regards to waste materials and blood composition?
How do the kidneys help maintain homeostasis of body fluids?
Time: 10 minutes

31. Activity 1
Describe the flow of urine and what happens in each of the following structures:
Nephron
Ureter
Ascending tubule
Bowman’s capsule
Bladder
Collecting duct
Glomerulus
Descending tubule
Urethra
Time: 20 minutes

32. Activity 2 Read through “Modeling Kidney Function” with your group
Explain to me what you are going to do before you begin
Clean-up when complete
Time: 30 minutes

33. Activity 3 “Going Further”
Work with your group in the computer lab to complete the first paragraph in this section
Time: 25 minutes

34. Homework
Urinalysis Lab
Modeling Kidney Function
“Going Further”

35. Day 6 Required Readings: Learning Objectives: Urinalysis Lab
Analyze urine samples for colour, pH, glucose, protein, and specific gravity
Use data collected from the tests to determine potential causes of abnormal results

36. Starter Answer the pre-lab questions on S-2 of your lab packet
Time: 15 minutes

37. Activity 1 Read through “Activity 2” that starts on page S-6
Each student will test their own urine and answer the lab questions (1-3) for their own sample
Create a data table to hand in with your answers
Time: 10 minutes

38. Activity 2 Obtain a sample of your urine to test
You do not need to fill the cup completely – you only need ~25mL
Complete the tests for your sample
Clean up when complete
Throw anything that has touched your urine into the bin (pipettes, cups, paper towel, glucose strips, etc.)
Time: 45 minutes

39. Closing What could the following indicate if found in urine?
High pH
Glucose
Protein
Time: 5 minutes

40. Homework
Complete your urinalysis lab questions if you did not complete them in class

41. Day 7 Required Readings: Learning Objectives: 16.6
Describe the common disorders of the urinary system

42. Activity 1 Choose any 3 of the following disorders to research:
Kidney stone, chronic kidney disease, urinary tract infection (UTI), hematuria, kidney disease, urinary incontinence
Present your findings to me in any way you choose, for example:
Powerpoint, Table/chart, Venn diagram, Poem, Song, Comic Strip, Diagram, Flow chart, etc.
What to include:
Cause(s)
Signs & Symptoms
Treatments
Statistics

43. Day 8
Summative assessment