1. Interactive Visualization of Volumetric Data on Consumer PC Hardware: Introduction Daniel Weiskopf Graphics Hardware Trends Faster development than Moore’s law –Double transistor functions every 6-12 months –Driven by game industry Improvement of performance and functionality –Multi-textures –Pixel operations (transparency, blending, pixel shaders) –Geometry and lighting modifications (vertex shaders) time performance network graphics CPU

2. Interactive Visualization of Volumetric Data on Consumer PC Hardware: Introduction Daniel Weiskopf Transistor Functions 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 9/973/989/983/999/993/009/003/01 time (month/year) transistors (millions) Riva 128 (3M) NVIDIA GeForce3 (57M)ATI Radeon 8500 (60M) 9/01 3/02 70 80 90 100 ATI Radeon 9700 Pro (110M) NVIDIA GeForce FX 5800 (125M) NVIDIA GeForce4 (63M) 9/02 3/03 110 120

3. Interactive Visualization of Volumetric Data on Consumer PC Hardware: Introduction Daniel Weiskopf Typical GPU Characteristics Brand Transistors Technology Clock rate Mem bandwidth Fill rate (peak) Pixel pipelines Textures per unit FSAA Bits per channel Tri transform (peak) Tris (3Dmark) Vertex shaders ATI Radeon 9800 P 107 M 0.15 micron 380 MHz 22 GB/s 3 GPixel/s 8 6 x 18 Gsample/s 10 380 M 19 M 4 NVIDIA GeForceFX 5900 U 130 M 0.13 micron 450 MHz 27 GB/s 1.8/3.6 GPixel/s 4/8 16 4 x 27 Gsample/s 10 315 M 28 M 4+ Source: www.tomshardware.com

4. Interactive Visualization of Volumetric Data on Consumer PC Hardware: Introduction Daniel Weiskopf Modern Scientific Visualization Traditional plotting techniques are not appropriate for visualizing the huge datasets resulting from computer simulations (CFD, physics, chemistry,...) sensor measurements (medical, seismic, satellite, …) Map abstract data onto graphical representations Try to use colorful 3D raster graphics in expressive still images recorded animations interactive visualizations „To see the unseen“ „The purpose of computing is insight not numbers“

5. Interactive Visualization of Volumetric Data on Consumer PC Hardware: Introduction Daniel Weiskopf sensorsdata basessimulation raw data vis data renderable representations visualizations images videos geometry: lines surfaces voxels attributes: color texture transparency filter render map interaction visualization pipelineclassification 1D 3D 2D scalarvectortensor/MV volume rend. isosurfaces height fields color coding stream ribbons topology arrows LIC attribute symbols glyphs icons different grid types  different algorithms 3D scalar fields Cartesian (eg. medical datasets) 3D vector fields un/structured (eg. CFD) trees, graphs, tables, data bases InfoVis Visualization Pipeline and Classification

6. Interactive Visualization of Volumetric Data on Consumer PC Hardware: Introduction Daniel Weiskopf GPU and Visualization Pipeline Renderer –Texture-based techniques (e.g., for volume rendering) –Large textured terrain height fields Mapper –Classification in volume rendering –Integrate ray segments (in unstructured volumes) –Integrate particle traces (in flow fields) –Assign color and transparency for NPR Filtering –Data filtering in graphics memory –Compression/decompression (of textures)

7. Interactive Visualization of Volumetric Data on Consumer PC Hardware: Introduction Daniel Weiskopf Visualization of Volumetric Data Direct volume rendering of scalar fields Flow visualization in 3D Focus on regular grids

8. Interactive Visualization of Volumetric Data on Consumer PC Hardware: Introduction Daniel Weiskopf Visualization of Volumetric Data