1. Criminal Justice in Peru

2. Peru: General Facts Constitutional republic
Independence: July 28, 1821
Chief of State: President Alejandro Toledo Manrique (since 28 July 2001)

3. Policing in Peru Peruvian National Police
Part of the Ministry of the Interior
Product of a vast restructuring of the country’s police forces
Guardia Civil, Investigative Police, Republican Guard and the Fuerzas Policiales

4. National Police Guarantee and maintain internal order
Protect the community
Guarantee compliance with the law
Prevent and investigate delinquency
Guard and control the borders

5. Requirements for Recruits
Peruvian citizen by birth
Minimum 16 years of age, maximum of 24
Single, with no kids
No prior criminal offenses

6. Specializations Order and security Intelligence Criminal investigation
Forensics
Administration

7. Special Units Counterterrorism Directorate (DIRCOTE)
Anti-drugs Directorate
Directorate of National Defense and Border Control
Directorate of Roadway Safety

8. Canine Units
1962
Manuel Felix Boluarte
Chile

9. Community Policing Vigilant Neighbor (Vecino Vigilante)
juvenile patrols
Nationwide programs

10. Crime in Peru Crime stats are unreliable
2000: 8,047 reported offenses (5,393 solved)
Victims surveys indicated 7 out of 10 Peruvians have been crime victims
Lima homicide rates: (per 100,000)
Homicides have decreased since 1994

11. 2002 Statistics

12. Threats to Peruvian Security
Terrorist Groups
Organized Crime/drug trafficking
Corruption

13. Terrorism in Peru
Sendero Luminoso
Tupac Amaru
Landless movement

14. Drugs Coca paste has been cultivated and used for centuries
1990s: Coca processing illegalized (not cultivation)
2002: 7,100 hectares of Coca fields eradicated (nearly double in 1999)

15. Peruvian Courts 16-member Supreme Court in Lima
Superior courts in departmental capitals
Courts of first instance (civil, penal, and special)

16. Faceless Courts
Designed to sentence terrorists without fear of being identified
These courts have been abolished