1. Special Diet Needs © Jennifer Choquette

2. Food Sensitivity General term used to describe any abnormal response to food or food additive. General term used to describe any abnormal response to food or food additive. © Jennifer Choquette

3. Food Allergies A reaction of the immune system to certain proteins found in food. A reaction of the immune system to certain proteins found in food. Examples are to cow’s milk, nuts, soybeans, shellfish, eggs and wheat. Examples are to cow’s milk, nuts, soybeans, shellfish, eggs and wheat. People can also have alllergies to additives such as sulfites (food perservatives), tartrazine (food colorings), and MSG (flavor enhancers). People can also have alllergies to additives such as sulfites (food perservatives), tartrazine (food colorings), and MSG (flavor enhancers). © Jennifer Choquette

4. Allergic Reaction When the protein that stimulates the immune system (aka the allergen) enters the body, antibodies are produced and released leading to allergy symptoms. When the protein that stimulates the immune system (aka the allergen) enters the body, antibodies are produced and released leading to allergy symptoms. These symptoms include vomiting, stomach pain, and intestinal distress. Skin rashes, swelling and breathing problems may occur too. These symptoms include vomiting, stomach pain, and intestinal distress. Skin rashes, swelling and breathing problems may occur too. In extreme cases anaphylactic shock can occur. In extreme cases anaphylactic shock can occur. © Jennifer Choquette

5. Allergic Reactions Allergic reactions can be mild or serious. They can be confined to a small area of the body or may affect the entire body. Allergic reactions can be mild or serious. They can be confined to a small area of the body or may affect the entire body. Most severe allergic reactions occur within minutes of exposure, but some can happen after several hours. Most severe allergic reactions occur within minutes of exposure, but some can happen after several hours. EpiPens help stop allergic reactions EpiPens help stop allergic reactions so you can get to medical help. so you can get to medical help. EpiPens have epinephrine in it to help EpiPens have epinephrine in it to help stop reactions. stop reactions. © Jennifer Choquette

6. Causes Really undeterminable how these are developed Really undeterminable how these are developed Heredity plays a role in some allergies Heredity plays a role in some allergies It can change over a life time too, you may grow out of your allergy or develop one later in life It can change over a life time too, you may grow out of your allergy or develop one later in life © Jennifer Choquette

7. Test to Determine If you think you have one the doctor may try these types of tests: If you think you have one the doctor may try these types of tests: –Examining your medical history –Complete Physical Examination –Food Elimination Diet –Skin Tests –RAST Tests –Double-Blind Food Challenge © Jennifer Choquette

8. Food Intolerance Reactions to food that do not involve the production of antibodies by the immune system. Reactions to food that do not involve the production of antibodies by the immune system. Example: people are sensitive to milk because they lack the enzyme needed to digest the sugar in milk (lactose) Example: people are sensitive to milk because they lack the enzyme needed to digest the sugar in milk (lactose) Or sometimes it’s caused by a psychological reason Or sometimes it’s caused by a psychological reason © Jennifer Choquette

9. Special Diets: Lactose Intolerance Lactose intolerance, also called lactase deficiency, means you aren't able to fully digest the milk sugar (lactose) in dairy products. It's usually not dangerous, but symptoms of lactose intolerance can be uncomfortable. Lactose intolerance, also called lactase deficiency, means you aren't able to fully digest the milk sugar (lactose) in dairy products. It's usually not dangerous, but symptoms of lactose intolerance can be uncomfortable. © Jennifer Choquette

10. Special Diets: Prenatal A healthy diet is crucial to having a healthy pregnancy. Good nutrition is essential to ensuring that a mother's body can give the unborn baby the nourishment she or he requires to develop and grow. FOLATE or Folic Acid: This is needed to support the increasing maternal blood volume and to decrease the risk of baby Neural Tube Defects IRON: essential to maintaining a sufficient level of blood supply to the growing baby and the placenta PRENATAL VITAMINS: Provides pregnant women with the adequate amount of vitamins and nutrients © Jennifer Choquette

11. Special Diets: Gluten-Free Some people cannot tolerate gluten when it comes in contact with the small intestine. This condition is known as celiac disease (sometimes called non-tropical sprue or gluten sensitive enteropathy). Some people cannot tolerate gluten when it comes in contact with the small intestine. This condition is known as celiac disease (sometimes called non-tropical sprue or gluten sensitive enteropathy). Celiac disease is now clearly known to be genetically determined. Celiac disease is now clearly known to be genetically determined. © Jennifer Choquette

12. Special Needs: Low-Sodium Special foods are not required for this diet. Eliminating salty foods from your diet and reducing the amount of salt used in cooking are important steps. Special foods are not required for this diet. Eliminating salty foods from your diet and reducing the amount of salt used in cooking are important steps. Many salt free or reduced salt products are available. You may choose low sodium products to replace foods which are not allowed Many salt free or reduced salt products are available. You may choose low sodium products to replace foods which are not allowed © Jennifer Choquette

13. Special Needs: Low Cholesterol and Low-Fat or Fat-Free This diet can help if you have too high of cholesterol and can help prevent heart or cardiovascular diseases. This diet can help if you have too high of cholesterol and can help prevent heart or cardiovascular diseases. For a regular healthy diet, it is recommended that of the total calories eaten, no more than 30% should come from fat. However, certain diseases and medical conditions can make it difficult for the body to tolerate even that much fat, so a low- fat diet may help people with these conditions. For a regular healthy diet, it is recommended that of the total calories eaten, no more than 30% should come from fat. However, certain diseases and medical conditions can make it difficult for the body to tolerate even that much fat, so a low- fat diet may help people with these conditions. © Jennifer Choquette

14. Special Needs: Diabetics If a person has diabetes, it is very important that the person's diet is closely monitored in order to properly maintain the blood sugar levels. If a person has diabetes, it is very important that the person's diet is closely monitored in order to properly maintain the blood sugar levels. It is essential for diabetics to be able to religiously count the carbohydrates that they intake everyday in order to help balance their blood sugar levels accordingly. It is essential for diabetics to be able to religiously count the carbohydrates that they intake everyday in order to help balance their blood sugar levels accordingly. Insulin: A natural hormone made by the pancreas that controls the level of sugar glucose in the body. If you have diabetes, your body cannot produce insulin and it must be injected. Insulin: A natural hormone made by the pancreas that controls the level of sugar glucose in the body. If you have diabetes, your body cannot produce insulin and it must be injected. © Jennifer Choquette

15. BANANA BREAD Modified to meet special needs…. © Jennifer Choquette

16. Ingredients 2 ½ large ripe bananas 4 egg whites - (put yolks in trash) ¼ c. shortening ½ (4.5 oz) jar of Gerber Graduates cooked carrots mashed 1 c. Splenda 1 c. whole wheat flour 1 tsp baking soda ¼ tsp salt ½ cup English walnuts, chopped © Jennifer Choquette

17. Directions : © Jennifer Choquette 1.Preheat oven to 350 ºF. 2.Liquefy bananas in blender. 3.In a small bowl, beat the eggs with a fork and add the liquefied bananas. Set aside. 4.Cream together shortening, carrots and Splenda in the Kitchen Aid mixer until fluffy. 5.Add banana/egg mixture to the mixer and blend. 6.In a separate large bowl, stir the dry ingredients together. 7.Add the moist mixture to the dry mixture and stir with a fork just until moistened. 8.Fold in nuts with a rubber scrapper. 9.Grease mini loaf pans wit h shortening and pour in the batter. 10.Bake at 350 ºF for 20-30 minutes or until an inserted toothpick comes out clean.

18. Exit Questions Looking at your recipe, list some ways that this recipe meets the special needs listed below? Diabetic Diet – Diabetic Diet – Prenatal Diet – Prenatal Diet – Low Cholesterol Diet – Low Cholesterol Diet – Low Sodium Diet – Low Sodium Diet – Lactose Free Diet – Lactose Free Diet – © Jennifer Choquette