1. FDR and the First New Deal

2.  Born January 30, 1882  Grew up very wealthy  Married Eleanor Roosevelt in 1905 (distant cousin)  1913 New York state representitve  1913 Secretary of the Navy  1920- Democratic nominee for Vice President (38 years old)

3.  1921 lost use of his legs to Polio  1928-1932- Governor of New York  1932- Becomes president  http://www.history.com/shows/america-the- story-of-us/videos/playlists/exclusive- video#fdr-a-voice-of-hope http://www.history.com/shows/america-the- story-of-us/videos/playlists/exclusive- video#fdr-a-voice-of-hope

4.  Roosevelt wins in land slide  Hoover had grim attitude, reluctant to enact direct action  Roosevelt had a warm, positive spirit, promised direct action  Also gets many democrats elected to congress  FDR goal is to restore faith in America  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=amNpxQ ANk0M http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=amNpxQ ANk0M

5.  Transformed White House into positive place  Fireside Chats  Informal, addressed New Deal legislation  Reassured Americans  FDR skillfully handled press  Eleanor’s Influence  Very active in politics, good public image

6.  FDR was an experimenter, open to all ideas  Employed Republicans and Democrats  FDR immediately starts intensive legislation and policy changes  Panic about banks occurring  The majority of Americans had lost faith in financial institutions

7.  FDR had plan ready  Banks in good shape would open immediately  Struggling banks stayed closed until they could be opened safely  FDR assured people money was safest in banks  Bank crisis was over within a few days

8.  Promised “a new deal for Americans”  Addressed the 3 Rs: - Relief for Unemployment - Recovery measures to stimulate economy - Reform laws to reduce threat of another economic crisis

9.  1933- Millions unemployed (3 years or more)  FDR creates new agency  Federal Emergency Relief Adm. (FERA)  $500 million  Debate over spending  Deficit Spending  Is this an issue today?  US Debt Clock

10.  Focused on putting people back to work  Environmental projects  Men 18-25 left home to work on projects  Lived in barracks  By 1942- 2.5 million men had served  Excluded minorities  Bonus army members  Good idea?

11.  Provided jobs to unemployed  Public projects ($3.3 billion)  Schools, highways, dams, sewage, etc

12.  Goal- to increase productivity of industry  Enforced National Industrial Recovery Act  Relaxed anti-trust laws  Maximum work hours, minimum wages  How did maximum hours create more jobs?  Publicity campaign to get businesses to follow new plan

13.  Controversial  Aide farmers hit hard by depression  Paid farmers subsidy  What is a subsidy?  Farmers had to destroy crops, kill animals  People saw this as wasteful, immoral

14.  Built dams for electricity  Create fish filled lakes  Increase tourism

15.  Truth in Securities Act  Eliminate fraud in stock market  Glass-Steagall Banking Act  Prohibited banks from investing money in stock market  Established FDIC

16.  First 100 days  Major victories for FDR  Passed all 15 proposals to congress

17.  Deficit spending  What is it? Good or bad thing?  Critics  Supreme Court reacts  Court packing bill