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Principles of Historical Geology II Historical Geology – Principles II
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Unconformity: a surface between layers of rock which formed during a time of erosion or non-deposition Historical Geology – Principles II
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An unconformity: represents “missing time” (time without as sedimentary record) Historical Geology – Principles II
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Monday, April 23rd
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Construction rained out for 3 weeks (non-deposition) Monday, April 23rd
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Wednesday, June 1st disconformity
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1980
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30 yrs later: the wall is demolished, but a foundation kept for a new wall. “erosion”
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1980 2010 disconformity 30 missing yrs
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sedimentary rocks parallel to
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http://www.env.duke.edu/eos/geo41/st010.gif Sedimentary erosion Sedimentary Grand Canyon
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http://www-geology.ucdavis.edu/~GEL109/SedStructures/Lg/DMBoundary2.jpg Devonian Sedimentary Mississippian Sedimentary Erosion Surface
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sedimentary rocks non - sedimentary rocks on
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http://people.hofstra.edu/faculty/j_b_bennington/ny_geology/st_lawrence/st_lawrence-Pages/Image0.html Proterozoic Metamorphic Cambrian Sedimentary
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Cranberry Gneiss 1.1 billion yrs old Unconsolidated stream gravel 1.1 billion yrs old Nonconformity Boone Creek Rivers St & Varsity Gym
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sedimentary rocks over tilted
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Sedimentary
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More Principles Charles Lyell: Text Book (early 1800's) "Principles of Geology" A uniformitarian "how to" book a classic still in print Historical Geology – Principles II
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More Principles Inclusion of Components: A body of rock is younger than a second body from which any of its pieces are derived. Historical Geology – Principles II
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More Principles Inclusion of Components: Levin Fig. 1-10 Historical Geology – Principles II
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More Principles Crosscutting Relationships: Features are younger than the rocks that they transect, and younger than any other feature they transect. Historical Geology – Principles II
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More Principles Crosscutting Relationships: faults, igneous intrusions, unconformities Historical Geology – Principles II
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More Principles Historical Geology – Principles II Crosscutting Relationships: http://www.aapg.org/slide_bank/grand_canyon/gc38.jpg
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Three Major Rock Types Igneous: Metamorphic: Sedimentary: Historical Geology – Principles II Rock Cycle
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Review If you don’t remember the difference between a gneiss & a granite or a slate and a shale... Review Chapter 2 Review specimens in Geology Museum Historical Geology – Principles II
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Unifying Theory Chemistry: atomic theory Physics: Newtonian/quantum/unified theory Biology: evolution - natural selection Geology: ? Historical Geology – Principles II
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Unifying Theory Geology: Plate Tectonics 1960’s community effort (atypical paradigm shift) Historical Geology – Principles II
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Plate Tectonics: unifying theory of geology Earth as a System
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Historical Geology – Principles II Inter-related processes: physical chemical biological
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Earth as a System Historical Geology – Principles II Inter-related processes: physical chemical biological Some of them cyclic
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Plate tectonics
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Water cycle
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http://esamultimedia.esa.int/images/EarthObservation/images_of_the_week/Queensland_MER_FR_Orbit12910_20040819_crop_H.jpg
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Great Barrier Reef
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