1. Malaysian Economy Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA) Professor Dr. Ahmad Bin Othman School of Business and Management University College of Technology Sarawak (UCTS) 96000 Sibu, Sarawak 1

2. Today’s Agenda (Week #1) Introduction Basic Facts about Malaysia Demographic Characteristics Economic Facts 2

3. Basic Facts 3

4. Geography of Malaysia in Brief 4  Malaysia is located in Southeast Asia.Southeast Asia  Comprises of two parts: Peninsular Malaysia to the west and East Malaysia to the east. Peninsular MalaysiaEast Malaysia  Peninsular Malaysia is located south of Thailand, north of Singapore and east of the Indonesian island of Sumatra.ThailandSingaporeIndonesianSumatra  East Malaysia is located on the island of Borneo and shares borders with Brunei and Indonesia.BorneoBruneiIndonesia

5. 5 Basic Facts

6. Head of State: Almu'tasimu Billahi Muhibbuddin Tuanku Alhaj Abdul Halim Mu'adzam Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Badlishah Prime Minister: Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak Land area: 126,853 sq mi (328,549 sq km) Capital and largest city (2009 est.): Kuala Lumpur, 1.493 million Other large cities: Kelang, 1.071 million; Johor Bharu, 958,000 Languages: Bahasa Melayu (Malay, official), English, Chinese dialects (Cantonese, Mandarin, Hokkien, Hakka, Hainan, Foochow), Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Panjabi, Thai; several indigenous languages (including Iban, Kadazan) in East Malaysia 6 Basic Facts

7. Monetary unit: Ringgit National Holiday: Independence Day/Malaysia Day, August 31 Literacy rate: 89% (2003 est.) Communications: Telephones: main lines in use: 4.243 million (2011); mobile cellular: 36.661 million (2012). Broadcast media: state-owned TV broadcaster operates 2 TV networks with relays throughout the country, and the leading private commercial media group operates 4 TV stations with numerous relays throughout the country; satellite TV subscription service is available; state-owned radio broadcaster operates multiple national networks as well as regional and local stations; many private commercial radio broadcasters and some subscription satellite radio services are available; about 55 radio stations overall (2012). Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 422,470 (2012). Internet users: 15.355 million (2009). 7 Basic Facts

8. Transportation: Railways: total: 1,849 km (2002). Roadways: total: 98,721 km; paved: 80,280 km (including 1,821 km of expressways); unpaved: 18,441 km (2004). Waterways: 7,200 km (Peninsular Malaysia 3,200 km, Sabah 1,500 km, Sarawak 2,500 km). Ports and harbors: Bintulu, Johor Bahru, George Town (Penang), Port Kelang (Port Klang), Tanjung Pelepas. Airports: 117 (2012). 8 Basic Facts

9. Demographic Characteristics 9

10. 10 Demographic Characteristics Demography is the study of human populations – their size, composition and distribution across place – and the process through which populations change. Births, deaths and migration are the ‘big three’ of demography, jointly producing population stability or change.

11. 11 Demographic Characteristics Ethnicity/race: Bumiputra 67.4%, Chinese 24.6%, Indian 7.3%, others 0.7% Population (2013 est.): 29,628,392 (growth rate: 1.51%); birth rate: 20.41/1000; infant mortality rate: 14.12/1000; life expectancy: 72.3 (male), 77.2 (female) [DOS, 2012]

12. 12 Demographic Characteristics 0 10 20 30 1980199120002010 13.7 18.4 23.3 28.3 Tahun/ Year Juta/Million 2.62.6 2.0 0 1 2 3 Total population and growth

13. 13 Demographic Characteristics Religions: Islam 61.3% Buddha 19.8% Christianity 9.2% Hinduism 6.3% Confucianism, Taoism, etc.1.3% Unknown1.0% No religion0.7 Other religion0.4%

14. 14 Demographic Facts Population distribution by State

15. 15 Demographic Characteristics Marital Status: (Nat.) Married 59.6% Not married 35.1% Separated 0.8% Widowed 4.5%

16. 16 0 20 40 60 80 1980199120002010 34.2 50.7 62.0 71.0 Tahun/ Year (%) Level of Urbanization Demographic Characteristics

17. Demograhpic Facts Question What can you deduce from these facts? Year 0 - 1415 - 6465 + Total 195743.853.42.8 100 197044.552.23.3 100 198039.956.53.5 100 199037.458.93.6 100 200033.362.83.9 100 200832.063.54.4 100 Age group – 65+ Age group – 0-14 Age group – 15-64 Source: Statistics Department 17 Demographic Characteristics The transition of age structure towards aging population of Malaysia.

18. 18 101 103 041 106 98 100 102 104 106 108 1980199120002010 Tahun /Year Nisbah jantina/ Sex ratio Sex Ratio by State Demographic Characteristics

19. Economi c Facts 19

20. Points to note  The modern history of Malaya began in the mid-1870, when British control started.  The tin mining industry was the backbone of Malaya’s economy during early 1900’s. Capital investment and technology were from Britain. Tin miner came from China.  Rubber planting started on big scale in Malaya between 1910 and 1913. Rubber plantation workers came from India.  By the end of the First World War, Malaya was the world’s most important producer of rubber and tin, because of the demand from the automobile industry. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_Ihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_I  Malayan economy disrupted by the Japanese invasion in late 1941.  Malaya became independence within the Commonwealth on August 31, 1957. Malaysia came into existence in September 1963 comprising of Peninsular Malaysia, Sarawak, Sabah and Singapore. Singapore ceased to be a member of Malaysia in 1965 and became an independent state. 20 Economic Facts

21. Economic summary: GDP/PPP (2012 est.): $492.4 billion; per capita $16,900. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)_per_capita Real growth rate: 4.5%. Inflation: 1.9%. Unemployment: 3.2%. Arable land: 5.44% Agriculture: Peninsular Malaysia—rubber, palm oil, cocoa, rice; Sabah—subsistence crops, rubber, timber, coconuts, rice; Sarawak—rubber, pepper, timber. Labour force: 12.92 million; agriculture 11.1%, industry 36%, services 53.5% (2012 est.). Industries: Peninsular Malaysia—rubber and oil-palm processing and manufacturing, light manufacturing industry, electronics, tin mining and smelting, logging, timber processing; Sabah—logging, petroleum production; Sarawak—agriculture processing, petroleum production and refining, logging. 21 Basic Facts

22. Natural resources: tin, petroleum, timber, copper, iron ore, natural gas, bauxite. Exports: $247 billion (2012 est.): electronic equipment, petroleum and liquefied natural gas, wood and wood products, palm oil, rubber, textiles, chemicals. Imports: $202.4 billion (2012 est.): electronics, machinery, petroleum products, plastics, vehicles, iron and steel products, chemicals. Major trading partners: U.S., Singapore, Japan, China, Hong Kong, Thailand, Taiwan, South Korea, Indonesia (2004). 22 Basic Facts

23. Economic Facts Services Agriculture 1965197019751980198519901995200020052009 Agriculture31.529.027.722.920.815.212.98.68.49.5 Mining9.013.74.610.110.511.86.210.614.412.9 Manufacturing10.413.916.419.619.724.226.430.929.626.6 Construction4.13.53.84.64.83.96.23.93.03.3 Electricity, gas & water1.1 2.01.41.82.22.63.02.72.6 Services43.938.845.541.442.444.347.846.244.048.3 Source: Malaysia, Economic Report (Rajah Rasiah, ed. (2011) Question Why, in you opinion, the services and manufacturing activities rose, while agriculture activities declined over this period? 23

24. Thank Yo u 24