Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Presentation is loading. Please wait.

US National Interests 1. 1.What are the threats to the US? 2. 2.What role should the US have in the world? Who decides the answer?

Published byConrad Owen Modified over 9 years ago

Similar presentations

Presentation on theme: "US National Interests 1. 1.What are the threats to the US? 2. 2.What role should the US have in the world? Who decides the answer?"— Presentation transcript:

1 US National Interests 1. 1.What are the threats to the US? 2. 2.What role should the US have in the world? Who decides the answer?

2 Theories? “Isolationism” (regional power only) vs.Internationalism RealistsIdealists (Liberalism/Wilsonianism) (Liberalism/Wilsonianism)

3 Pre-WW II Policies: US as a Regional Power 1. Manifest Destiny 2. Free Market economics 1.Open access for US investment 3. Spreading Democracy***** 4. Nervousness about Commitments

4 Post-WW II Choice Regional Power vs. Global Power Choice: Global (1947-1952)

5 Explaining the Cold War 1. Realism 2. Idealism 3. Economic Interests

6 Marxism, Communism The Theory: Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels Karl Marx Karl Marx The Communist Manifesto 1848 The Communist Manifesto 1848 The Communist Manifesto The Communist Manifesto In Practice: Dictatorship Dictatorship No political freedoms No political freedoms Command Economy: no economic freedoms Command Economy: no economic freedoms

7 Communism in Power Soviet Union 1917 –20 million deaths in 1950s LeninStalin LeninStalin

8 Communism in Power People’s Republic of China 1949 –Estimates from 50-100 million (1949-76) –Mao Zedong

9 US Cold War Policies 1. Anti-Soviet/Anti-Communist 2. Free Markets 3. Spreading Democracy*** 4. Multilateralism 5. Regional Conflict 6. Deterrence and Forward Presence

10 1. Anti-Soviet/Anti-Communism “Truman Doctrine” “Truman Doctrine” speech, March 1947 speech, March 1947speech, March 1947speech, March 1947 NSC-68 NSC-68 NSC-68 –(US rearmament plan, 1950) plan, 1950) Harry Truman Harry Truman

11 Division of Europe (By 1948)

12 Bipolarity The Cold War Balance of Power IsraelSyria/Egypt EthiopiaSomalia TaiwanChina S. KoreaN. Korea S. Viet NamN. Viet Nam W. BerlinE. Berlin W. GermanyE. Germany Britain/France/JapanPoland/Czech USUSSR

13 Containment Kennan’s Long Telegram as published in Foreign Affairs, “The Sources of “The Sources of Soviet Conduct” Soviet Conduct” by “X”, 1947 George Kennan

14 2. Free Markets Strong political economy strong stability through middle free markets class andfailure economic andof economic andof social mobilitycommunist social mobilitycommunistsubversion*peace *Still US belief that free markets will discourage radical ideologies (radical Islam in 21 st century) (radical Islam in 21 st century)

15 US Policies For Europe: “Marshall Plan” Speech, June 1947 “Marshall Plan” Speech, June 1947Speech, June 1947Speech, June 1947 Building Global Economic Order International Monetary Fund – IMF International Monetary Fund – IMFIMF General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade – GATT (example of GATT Agreements) General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade – GATT (example of GATT Agreements)(example of GATT Agreements)(example of GATT Agreements) –World Trade Organization - WTO WTO World Bank World Bank World Bank World Bank

16 3. Spreading Democracy The Good News Europe and Northeast Asia Latin America and Southeast Asia Freedom House Freedom House Freedom House Freedom House Map of free nations Map of free nations Map of free nations Map of free nations

17 The Bad News Non-democratic nations that were US allies or US-supported during some part of the cold war: Nicaragua, Paraguay, Argentina, Chile, Panama, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Brazil, South Africa, Somalia, Algeria, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Kenya, Zaire, South Korea, Taiwan, Philippines, Indonesia, Pakistan, Turkey, Thailand, Burma, Cuba

18 Worse News PM MossadeghPres. ArbenzPres. Allende Iran, 1953Guatemala, 1954 Chile, 1973

19 Strange News

20 4. Multilateralism North Atlantic Treaty Organization - NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization - NATONATO Central Treaty Organization - CENTO Central Treaty Organization - CENTO Southeast Asia Treaty Organization- SEATO Southeast Asia Treaty Organization- SEATO SEATO Australia, New Zealand, US Pact – ANZUS Australia, New Zealand, US Pact – ANZUSANZUS United Nations United Nations United Nations United Nations In Europe NATO vs. Warsaw Pact In Europe NATO vs. Warsaw Pact –deployments deployments

21 5. Regional Conflict

22 Regional Conflicts Israel vs. Syria/Egypt/PLO Ethiopia vs. Somalia (1970s) Taiwan vs. China (1949-present) S. Korea vs. N. Korea (1948-present) S. Viet Nam vs. N. Viet Nam (1956-1975) FNLA/UNITA vs. MPLA (Angola, 1970s-80s) Nicaragua, Guatemala, El Salvador (1970s-80s) USUSSR

23 Rules of Regional Conflict 1. No direct US-Soviet conflict 1. No direct US-Soviet conflict 2. No escalation 2. No escalation

24 6. Deterrence and Forward Presence From Great Powers to Superpowers! What would WW III look like? Underneath all the political and military action during Cold War… US Congress, Office of Technology Assessment, The Effects of Nuclear War, 1979 The Effects of Nuclear War, The Effects of Nuclear War,

25 Hiroshima August 6, 1945

26 Hiroshima After the bomb

27 Hiroshima

28 Nagasaki August 9, 1945

29 Atomic and Nuclear Weapons Nuclear

30 ICBM Intercontinental Ballistic Missile

31 Trajectory of ICBMs

32 SLBM – Submarine-launched Ballistic Missile

33 Launch Tube Hatches on USS Alabama

34 Launch (artwork)

35 Strategic Bombers

36 Info on Nuclear Weapons Federation of American Scientists Federation of American Scientists Federation of American Scientists Federation of American Scientists US Strategic Command US Strategic Command US Strategic Command US Strategic Command Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists Natural Resources Defense Council Natural Resources Defense Council Natural Resources Defense Council Natural Resources Defense Council Nuclear Threat Initiative Nuclear Threat Initiative Nuclear Threat Initiative Nuclear Threat Initiative

37 Deterrence and Credibility Influencing the enemy’s decision making process Influencing the enemy’s decision making process

38 Why so many Weapons: Deterrence Soviet First Strike: Successful: USSR “wins” US Second strike US USSR

39 US Second Strike Capability Soviet First Strike US Second strike Scenario: Everyone Dies US USSR

40 Forward Presence US Military Bases World Wide 2007 US Military Bases World Wide 2007

Download ppt "US National Interests 1. 1.What are the threats to the US? 2. 2.What role should the US have in the world? Who decides the answer?"

Similar presentations

Post World War 2 Rise of the Cold War.

Post World War 2 Rise of the Cold War.
I. Post-WWII outcomes? 1) United Nations- formed near end of WWII as a body of nations to prevent future global wars. What organization had been formed.

I. Post-WWII outcomes? 1) United Nations- formed near end of WWII as a body of nations to prevent future global wars. What organization had been formed.
THE COLD WAR Communism v. Democracy “The Fight for the World”

THE COLD WAR Communism v. Democracy “The Fight for the World”
US Foreign Policy Always a series of debates Internationalists vs. isolationists vs. nationalists Internationalists vs. isolationists vs. nationalists.

US Foreign Policy Always a series of debates Internationalists vs. isolationists vs. nationalists Internationalists vs. isolationists vs. nationalists.
The Cold War Key Events and Policies. Key U.S. Policies ► Containment ► Collective Security ► Deterrence (MAD) ► Foreign Aid ► Defense build up, race.

The Cold War Key Events and Policies. Key U.S. Policies ► Containment ► Collective Security ► Deterrence (MAD) ► Foreign Aid ► Defense build up, race.
Theories of International Relations Realism Realism Idealism Idealism Constructivism Constructivism.

Theories of International Relations Realism Realism Idealism Idealism Constructivism Constructivism.
Early Years of the Cold War 1945 - 1970. 1945 Yalta Conference –Churchill, Stalin, Roosevelt –Germany divided –Poland “free elections” United Nations.

Early Years of the Cold War Yalta Conference –Churchill, Stalin, Roosevelt –Germany divided –Poland “free elections” United Nations.
Strategy and Nuclear Weapons NationalNational Security GoalsStrategy Global Environment But: technology influences strategy.

Strategy and Nuclear Weapons NationalNational Security GoalsStrategy Global Environment But: technology influences strategy.
Topic: Origins of the Cold War: Who was responsible? Do Now: “The Cold War was not a great ideological struggle between Communism and Democracy. It was.

Topic: Origins of the Cold War: Who was responsible? Do Now: “The Cold War was not a great ideological struggle between Communism and Democracy. It was.
Objective 2: Explain & analyze the methods used by the United States to contain the spread of communism.

Objective 2: Explain & analyze the methods used by the United States to contain the spread of communism.
The Cold War. What is the Cold War? Period of no war between major powers 1945-1989 Intense hostility between the two super powers: US and USSR.

The Cold War. What is the Cold War? Period of no war between major powers Intense hostility between the two super powers: US and USSR.
Cold War Vocabulary capitalism Economic system based on private ownership and the free market.

Cold War Vocabulary capitalism Economic system based on private ownership and the free market.
Defense and Foreign Policy. The U.S. vs. the Soviet Union Conventional conflicts include: –the Korean Conflict –Vietnam –Afghanistan Nuclear Arms Race.

Defense and Foreign Policy. The U.S. vs. the Soviet Union Conventional conflicts include: –the Korean Conflict –Vietnam –Afghanistan Nuclear Arms Race.
Evolution of US National Security Strategy. US Strategies National Security Strategy (Pres) National Security Strategy National Defense Strategy (SecDef)

Evolution of US National Security Strategy. US Strategies National Security Strategy (Pres) National Security Strategy National Defense Strategy (SecDef)
Beginning of the Cold War Review Book: Unit 6, Section 2.

Beginning of the Cold War Review Book: Unit 6, Section 2.
The Cold War. Beginning of the Cold War (1945-1948) The Yalta Conference and Soviet control of Eastern Europe.

The Cold War. Beginning of the Cold War ( ) The Yalta Conference and Soviet control of Eastern Europe.
Lesson 1 1. In 1949, a number of European countries formed a military alliance with the United States and Canada to provide mutual help if attacked. NATO.

Lesson 1 1. In 1949, a number of European countries formed a military alliance with the United States and Canada to provide mutual help if attacked. NATO.
Cold War. Origins of Cold War World War II sets stage for Cold War World War II sets stage for Cold War U.S. and Soviet Union emerge as competing super.

Cold War. Origins of Cold War World War II sets stage for Cold War World War II sets stage for Cold War U.S. and Soviet Union emerge as competing super.
The Cold War 1945 - 1991. Cold War Defined First used in 1947 Political, economic and propaganda war between US and Soviet Union Fought through surrogates.

The Cold War Cold War Defined First used in 1947 Political, economic and propaganda war between US and Soviet Union Fought through surrogates.
The Cold War International clash of ideologies. What was the Cold War? A conflict between the world’s two super- powers – the U.S. and the Soviet Union.

The Cold War International clash of ideologies. What was the Cold War? A conflict between the world’s two super- powers – the U.S. and the Soviet Union.

Similar presentations

Ads by Google