1. The Middle East during the Cold War

2. Creation of present day borders
After World War I, the League of Nations set up __________ in the Middle East
The land was temporarily controlled by European countries until they were “ready for independence”

3. French control: Syria, Lebanon
British control: Iraq, Jordan, Palestine

4. After World War II… Mandates were granted ______________
Israel was created as a Jewish state out of _________________
Why? What had happened during WWII?

5. Based on this map, who would have been happy about the creation of Israel? Who would have been angry about the creation if Israel?

6. War!
After Israel declared its statehood in 1948, the surrounding Arab countries launched an attack
Why?
Israel wins the war and enlarged its territory, but:
the Arab states refused to accept Israel as a legitimate state
Palestinians were left with no state at all, creating a huge refugee problem that still affects the area today

7. After the war…
Several other wars have been fought since the first Arab-Israeli war
Results:
Israel’s borders have shifted, and they have made peace treaties with some of their Arab neighbors
The question of statehood for Palestine has not been answered, and most Palestinians live in occupied territories of the West Bank and Gaza, with high unemployment and severe restrictions on travel

8. Why is there conflict in Israel and Palestine today?

9. Important Leaders in the Middle East
Golda Meir
Israel’s 4th Prime Minister
Known for strong reputation
Led Israel during their victorious Yom Kippur war
Sought help from the United States

10. Important Leaders in the Middle East
Gamal Abdul Nasser
President of Egypt,
Challenged Western dominance in the Middle East
Modernized Egypt
Nationalized the Suez Canal
Took control of the Canal away from European countries
Built the Aswan High Dam
Helped control Nile flooding and provide power
Soviets helped finance the dam

11. War!
After Israel declared its statehood in 1948, the _________________________ launched an attack
Why?
__________ wins the war and enlarged its territory, but:
the Arab states refused to accept Israel as a legitimate state
______________ were left with no state at all, creating a huge __________ problem that still affects the area today

12. After the war…
Several other wars have been fought since the first Arab-Israeli war
Results:
Israel’s borders have shifted, and they have made peace treaties with some of their Arab neighbors
The question of statehood for Palestine has not been answered, and most Palestinians live in occupied territories of the West Bank and Gaza, with high unemployment and severe restrictions on travel

13. Why is there conflict in Israel and Palestine today?
Israelis feel ________________________
___________________________________
Palestinians feel ____________________

14. Important Leaders in the Middle East
_______________
____________4th Prime Minister
Known for strong reputation
Led Israel during their victorious __________ __________
Sought help from the _________________

15. Important Leaders in the Middle East
____________________
President of __________,
Challenged Western dominance in the Middle East
_______________ Egypt
Nationalized the _______ _____________
Took control of the Canal away from European countries
Built the ______________
Helped control Nile flooding and provide power
___________ helped finance the dam