1. THE WORLD AT WAR

2. 75% of the world’s population is involved
WW II Mobilization
61 countries
75% of the world’s population is involved
Country: Total Mobilized ….At one time
USA: m… m
Germany: 17m… m
USSR: m m
UK: m… m
Japan: m… m

3. Objective…
Identify the military turning points of World War II in both Europe and Asia.
Describe the significance of each turning point within the context of the war.

4. Defeat Hitler & use a defensive strategy in the Pacific.
The first priority…
Defeat Hitler & use a defensive strategy in the Pacific.

5. Class Activity: Significance related to the overall war effort
The Task: In your small group research your assigned topic & reach a common agreement about the information you will present to the class.
Identify…
The event or battle along with the date(s)
Location: Europe or Asia
Identify the event or battle on the map provided
Casualties: Japanese, American or Allied lives lost
Three interesting facts related to the event or battle
Significance related to the overall war effort

6. Fighting WW II: Think of the war in 6 phases…
Battle for the Atlantic ( )
The North Africa Campaign ( )
III. The Italian Campaign ( )
IV. Europe: Eastern Front ( )
-The Germans attack the USSR…
-Battle for Stalingrad…
-The westward Soviet Offensive…
V. Europe: W. Front ( )
-Long range bombing ( )
-D-Day / Normandy / Operation Overlord (June, 1944)
-Battle of the Bulge (Dec, 1944 – Jan, 1945)
VI. The Pacific ( )
- Doolittle's Raid (April, 1942)
- Battle for The Coral Sea (May, 1942)
- Battle of Midway (June, 1942)
- Battle of Guadalcanal (Aug, 1942-Feb, 1943)
- Iwo Jima (Feb-March, 1945)
- Battle of Okinawa (April- June 1945)

7. I. The Battle for the Atlantic 1942 – Why was winning the Battle for the Atlantic so crucial to the war effort?
The problem:
-3,000 mile supply lines
-The “Wolf-packs”…
June, : 172 ships lost
March, 1943: 400 U-boats
The solution…

8. The Battle for the Atlantic

9. German U-boat on patrol…
“Wolf Packs”…
DAS BOOT Clip hunting a convoy…

10. Significance …
Regained control of the Atlantic; increased war supplies to the UK; and insured the safety of American troops traveling to Europe.
What solutions to the “Wolf-pack” problem are represented in these pictures?

11. The Battle for the Atlantic

12. II. North Africa Oct., 1942 - May, 1943
Geographic importance for…
Axis Powers…
Allied Powers…
The significance…
An early victory… Stopped Hitler’s attempt to control Middle East oil

13. III. The Italian Campaign July,1943 – June,1944
The Allies invaded Italy
The Italian Army collapses
Mussolini is removed from power
Germany defends Italy
Bloody Anzio:
- 25K Allied casualties
- 30K Axis casualties
Significance… Opened a new front in Europe; Added pressure to Germany… Mussolini is taken out of power

14. Mussolini & mistress captured & executed by the Italian people in April, 1945.

15. IV. Europe: Eastern Europe Dec., 1941 – May, 1943
The invasion of Russia – Operation Barbarossa…
What played the most important factor in the Russians defeating the Germans?
Significance…
A crushing defeat & Hitler’s greatest military mistake

16. What was the significance of the Battle for Stalingrad?
-The Soviet’s held the German Army.
-From this point the Germans are retreating.

17. V. Western Europe June 1942 – May, 1945
Significance…
Control of the skies and take the war to Hitler.

18. The 99th Pursuit Squadron
AKA: The “Red Tail Angels” - Tuskegee Airmen
First Black military airmen
1,000 Black pilots
15,553 sorties
Two Unit citations awarded

19. D-Day – Operation Overlord June 6, 1944
The goal: Gain a foot hold back on mainland Europe
The “Phantom army at Calais”…
The D-Day Landing:
-1M Allied troops
-9K casualties

20. The Atlantic Wall

21. D-Day - Normandy Invasion June 6, 1944
What was the significance of D-Day invasion?
The Allies get a foothold on the continent of Europe & roll back the German conquest of Europe… In 3 months they take back Paris …11 months Berlin
The largest military operation in US history.

23. The significance of the Battle of the Bulge? Dec, 1944 – Jan, 1945
The Allies advanced deep into Germany… Russians advance west
A “last gasp” offensive to stop the Allied advancement.
The Germans lost men, equipment & the offensive left them weak & beaten.

24. Liberation of the death camps…

25. VI. The Pacific Theater 1942 – 1945
Doolittle's Raid - (April, 1942)
Battle for The Coral Sea - (May, 1942)
Battle of Midway - (June, 1942)
Battle of Guadalcanal - (Aug, Feb, 1943)
Iwo Jima - (Feb-March, 1945)
Okinawa - (April-June 1945)

26. Lt. Colonel Doolittle led a 16 plane raid on Tokyo
Doolittle's Raid – April, 1942
Lt. Colonel Doolittle led a 16 plane raid on Tokyo
The significance of Doolittle’s Raid…
Demonstrated US determination / A psychological victory for the home front / Demonstrated the war would be costly for Japan.

27. The Battle for the Coral Sea May, 1942
The first aircraft carrier battle
The first naval battle in which neither side's ships saw or fired upon the other.
Significance?...
Halted the Japanese Naval advancement towards Australia…Enforced a defensive perimeter

28. The Battle of Midway June of 1942
Midway is the most significant naval battle in the Pacific Campaign. The battle occurred 6 months after Pearl Harbor .
Significance…. Destroyed the Japanese fleet, ended the Japanese threat against Hawaii and the US mainland.
“…the most stunning and decisive blow in the history of naval warfare."

29. The Battle of Guadalcanal (Aug, 1942 - Feb, 1943)
Following Pearl Harbor Japan aggressively expanded
The Japanese started building an airfield on Guadalcanal …a major threat to Australia.
The US Marines took the airfield quickly …holding the airfield provided for some of the most costly fighting in the war.
Significance … Stopped Japanese expansion
Guadalcanal
Over 6 months: 7,100 American died 31,000 Japanese died
27 US Naval ships were lost

30. “Island hopping” or “leap frog-ing”
General MacArthur &
Admiral Nimitz
“Island hopping” or “leap frog-ing”

31. Kamikaze (meaning "Divine wind")…
Suicide attacks by Japanese aviators against Allied ships.

33. Iwo Jima Feb - March 1945 The goal was to capture 3 airfields
Heavy fortification… bunkers, artillery & 11 miles of tunnels.
Considered the fiercest fighting in the Pacific…. 18K Japanese soldiers dead or MIA… 216 prisoners.
Significance…
Advanced Allied forces towards Japan… The first attack on the Japanese home Islands

34. Okinawa - April – June, 1945 The battle for Okinawa…
-1,900 Kamikaze attacks
-30 US ships sunk
-12.6K Americans KIA
-200K died at Okinawa
Significance…Okinawa was the last island between the Allies and the assault on mainland Japan. Demonstrated that the final phase of conquering and getting Japan to surrender would be very difficult.

35. Japanese Biological Warfare Unit 731