1. 1 TCP/IP introduction ผศ. ดร. อนันต์ ผลเพิ่ม Anan Phonphoem, Ph.D. anan@cpe.ku.ac.th http://www.cpe.ku.ac.th/~anan Computer Engineering Department Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand

2. 2 Outline TCP/IP Overview IP Address Subnet Design

3. 3 An Internet according to TCP/IP

4. 4 OSI Model and TCP/IP 7Application 6Presentation 5Session 4Transport 3Network 2Data Link 1Physical Applications TCP/ UDP IP Physical Data Link (Network) (Transport) (Internet)

5. 5 TCP/IP Layering Concept Transmission Network Interface Network Application Applications End-to-end Services Transport Routing Internet Physical Network

6. 6 TCP/IP Encapsulation Applications TCP/ UDP IP Physical Data Link Message User Datagram (segment) Datagram Frame Bits

7. 7 Data Flow Hello 1001101001011101011 HHello Applications TCP/ UDP IP Physical Data Link HHelloH2TH H

8. 8 UDP Datagram format

9. 9 TCP segment format

10. 10 IP Datagram

11. 11 Ethernet Frame CRC 4 bytes

12. 12 Internet

13. 13 Data Flow over the Internet SourceDestinationRouter Application TCP/IP IP Data Link Physical Application TCP/IP IP Data Link Physical IP Data Link Physical IP Data Link Physical

14. 14 IP Datagram

15. 15 Internet Address

16. 16 Internet Classes Classful Addressing

17. 17 Internet Classes Class A Class C D E Class B

18. 18 IP address in decimal notation

19. 19 Class ranges of Internet Address

20. 20 Class A example

21. 21 Class C example

22. 22 Network Address

23. 23 Sample internet Network and Host addresses

24. 24 A Network with Two Levels of Hierarchy

25. 25 A Network with Three Levels of Hierarchy

26. 26 Addresses with and without Subnetting

27. 27 Masking

28. 28 Default Mask Clas s In Binary In Dotted- Decimal Using Slash A 11111111 00000000 00000000 00000000255.0.0.0/8 B 11111111 11111111 00000000 00000000255.255.0.0/16 C 11111111 111111111 11111111 00000000 255.255.255.0 /24

29. 29 Subnet Design Given a network 194.30.12.0 with 16 hosts in each subnetwork Find the following: The number of subnetworks Sub-network ID / Broadcast Address Sub-netmask First/Last address that can be used for each subnet

30. 30 Subnet Design Last Byte(Host ID) 192.30.12.0 Class C IP address 16 Hosts  2 4 =16 is not enough (subnetID and broadcast)  2 5 = 32  total of 30 hosts  5 bits for Host and 3 bits for subnet HostSubnet

31. 31 Subnet Design 255... 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 Subnet Mask 00000000 = 0 00100000 = 32 01000000 = 64 01100000 = 96 10000000 = 128 10100000 = 160 11000000 = 192 11100000 = 224 SubnetHost 255... 224 Subnet ID 194 3012... 194 3012... 194 3012... 194 3012... 194 3012... 194 3012... 194 3012... 194 3012...

32. 32 Subnet Design SubnetSubnet ID1 st AddLast AddBroadcast 0192.30.12.0192.30.12.1192.30.12.30192.30.12.31 1192.30.12.32192.30.12.33192.30.12.62192.30.12.63 2192.30.12.64192.30.12.65192.30.12.94192.30.12.95 3192.30.12.96192.30.12.97192.30.12.126192.30.12.127 4192.30.12.128192.30.12.129192.30.12.158192.30.12.159 5192.30.12.160192.30.12.161192.30.12.190192.30.12.191 6192.30.12.192192.30.12.193192.30.12.222192.30.12.223 7192.30.12.224192.30.12.225192.30.12.254192.30.12.255