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Www.kashifpaf.greatnow.com 1 Chapter 24 TCP/IP. www.kashifpaf.greatnow.com 2 An Internet According to TCP/IP.

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1 www.kashifpaf.greatnow.com 1 Chapter 24 TCP/IP

2 www.kashifpaf.greatnow.com 2 An Internet According to TCP/IP

3 www.kashifpaf.greatnow.com 3 TCP/IP and the OSI Model

4 www.kashifpaf.greatnow.com 4 Internet Address The physical addresses (contained on NICs) that identify individual devices.

5 www.kashifpaf.greatnow.com 5 19.2 Addressing Internet Address Classful Addressing Supernetting Subnetting Classless Addressing Dynamic Address Configuration Network Address Translation

6 www.kashifpaf.greatnow.com 6 An IP address is a 32-bit address. Note:

7 www.kashifpaf.greatnow.com 7 The IP addresses are unique and universal. Note:

8 www.kashifpaf.greatnow.com 8 Internet Classes

9 www.kashifpaf.greatnow.com 9 Finding the address class

10 www.kashifpaf.greatnow.com 10 Classes a.10011101 10001111 11111100 11001111Class B b.11011101 10001111 11111100 11001111Class C c.01111011 10001111 11111100 11001111Class A d.11101011 10001111 11111100 11001111Class D e.11110101 10001111 11111100 11001111Class E

11 www.kashifpaf.greatnow.com 11 IP Addresses in Decimal Notation

12 www.kashifpaf.greatnow.com 12 Class Ranges of Internet Addresses

13 www.kashifpaf.greatnow.com 13 Find the netid and the hostid for each address: AddressClassNetidHostid

14 www.kashifpaf.greatnow.com 14 Find the network address for each address: Address Class

15 www.kashifpaf.greatnow.com 15 Example Find the class of each address: a.227.12.14.87 b.252.5.15.111 c.134.11.78.56 Solution a.The first byte is 227 (between 224 and 239); the class is D. b.The first byte is 252 (between 240 and 255); the class is E. c.The first byte is 134 (between 128 and 191); the class is B.

16 www.kashifpaf.greatnow.com 16 Blocks in class A

17 www.kashifpaf.greatnow.com 17 Millions of class A addresses are wasted. Note:

18 www.kashifpaf.greatnow.com 18 Blocks in class B

19 www.kashifpaf.greatnow.com 19 Many class B addresses are wasted. Note:

20 www.kashifpaf.greatnow.com 20 The number of addresses in class C is smaller than the needs of most organizations. Note:

21 www.kashifpaf.greatnow.com 21 Blocks in class C

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