1. Food and Nutrition 6 Essential Nutrients Unit Lesson 2 TEKS (1) The student utilizes information about the basic principles of nutrition to promote healthy food choices. Objectives: Students will identify functions and food sources of water, vitamins, and minerals.

2. 6 Essential Nutrients Carbohydrates Fats Proteins Water Vitamins Minerals Today we will learn about water, vitamins, and minerals.

3. Water Your body contains more water than anything else. For every 10 lbs of weight, 6-7 is water In the blood, water carries nutrients to the cells. Water, as sweat, cools the body off. Water in urine washes harmful waste out. Keeps skin soft and elastic. Juice, lettuce, oranges We need 8 cups of water daily! Caffeine causes the body to lose water.

4. Vitamins and Minerals Used in body’s chemical reactions Keeps body processes working Important for growth and repair Needed in small amounts

5. Vitamins Water soluble- dissolves in water (B and C vitamins) Fat soluble- dissolves in fat (A,D,E,K)

6. Water-soluble Vitamins Vitamin C Function-helps keep gums and blood vessels healthy, helps wounds and bruises heal, used to make many body compounds Food sources-citrus fruits, berries, melons, peppers, cabbage, potatoes, tomatoes, dark green vegetables Vitamin B12 Function-used to make red blood cells, helps keep nerves healthy Food Sources-foods of animal origin such as meat, fish, chicken, milk, cheese, eggs

7. Water-soluble Vitamins Thiamin, Riboflavin, and Niacin (B vitamins) Function-helps release energy stored in foods, helps build body tissue, helps keep skin, hair, muscles, and nerves healthy Food Sources-breads, cereals, meat, fish, poultry, eggs, milk, cheese Folate Functions-used to make red blood cells, helps form cells Food Sources-dark green vegetables, dried beans and peas, bananas, mushrooms, oranges

8. Fat-soluble Vitamins Vitamin A Functions-helps keep skin healthy, needed for normal vision Food sources-deep yellow or orange fruits and vegetables, milk products, eggs Vitamin D Functions-aids in bone and tooth formation, helps heart and nerves work normally Food sources-fish, eggs, milk products sunlight

9. Fat-soluble Vitamins Vitamin E Functions-protects blood and lung cells Food sources-nuts, vegetables, oils, dark green vegetables, breads, cereals Vitamin K Function-used to clot blood Food sources-dark green vegetables, cauliflower, fruit, milk products, breads, cereals

10. Minerals Iron Functions-used to build red blood cells, helps blood carry oxygen, helps cells use oxygen Food sources-red meat, breads, cereals, dark green vegetables Calcium Functions-used to build bones and teeth, helps muscles relax, balances body water Food sources- milk products, dark green vegetables, almonds, fish with soft tiny bones Sodium Functions-helps nerves and muscles function, balances body water Food sources-table salt, sauces, gravies, pickles, processed meat, soy sauce many seasonings Most Americans have too much sodium in their diet! Too much sodium causes blood pressure to rise!

11. Minerals Magnesium Functions-helps body make new cells, helps nerves and muscles work normally Food sources-dark green vegetables, nuts, dried peas and beans Phosphorus Functions-helps build bones and teeth, helps cells release energy from nutrients Food sources-milk products, meat, fish, poultry, eggs, nuts, dried peas, and beans Zinc Helps body grow and mature, helps body heal wounds and fight infection, needed for normal taste sensations Food sources- seafood, meat, dried peas, and beans, nuts