1. Digestive, Urinary and Endocrine Systems Test Review by Ms. Rodriguez and Mr. Pitts

2. The ______ is the passageway for food and air A) Esophagus B) diaphragm C) larynx D) pharynx

3. The chemical and mechanical break down of food and the absorption of nutrients is the function of the_______ ? A) Endocrine system B) Digestive system C) Excretory system (urinary) D) Nervous system

4. In the picture #5 is A) Liver B) spleen C) stomach D) pancreas

5. Most of the products of digestion are absorbed into the circulatory system from? A)#2 B)#3 C)#4 D) #5

6. Which of the following are involved in chemical digestion? A ) hydrochloric acid (HCl) B) pepsin C) saliva D) All of the above

7. _______ is known as the wavelike contractions that move food through the digestive system. A) indigestion B) peristalsis C) involuntary contractions D) mechanical digestion

8. Releasing hormones are produced by the ? A) thyroid B) pituitary C) parathyroid D) hypothalamus

9. ______ is produced by the liver, stored in the gall bladder and breaks down globules of fat into tiny droplets. A) chyme B) amylase C) pepsin D) bile

10. The chemical digestion of Carbohydrates begins by enzymes in? A) the stomach B) the pancreas C) the saliva D) the liver

11. An underactive thyroid, or Hypothyroidism can cause? A)Lack of energy B) Increased blood sugar C) Nervousness D) Weight loss

12. Glucagon is a hormone that A) Raises the blood sugar level B) Lowers the blood sugar level C) Does not affect the blood sugar level D) Raises the insulin level

13. _____ is a hormone released by the thyroid that stimulates cell metabolism and growth A) oxytocin B) thyroxine C) prolactin D) epinephrine

14. The ______ sends enzymes through a duct into the first part of the small intestine. A) stomach B) liver C) pancreas D) spleen

15. A(an) ______ is caused when digestive enzymes eat through part of the stomach or duodenal lining A) tumor B) ulcer C) stomach ache D) bowel movement

16. In the stomach, digestion of proteins begins with ____ and ____. A) Pepsin and Amylase B) Amylase and Lactase C) Hydrochloric Acid and Lipase D) Pepsin and Hydrochloric Acid

17. What hormone regulates the body’s normal metabolic rate? A)Prolactin B) Estrogen C) Epinephrine D) Thyroxine

18. Which of the following substances might the filtrate, that is removed from the blood by the kidneys, contain? A) salts, urea and plasma B) ammonia, red blood cell, and minerals C) fat, urea, and water D)salts, amino acids, glucose, and urea

19. The part of the urinary system through which urine leaves the body is ? A) bladder B) urethra C) intestine D) ureter

20. Which of the following is known as the first stage of urine formation? A) Filtration B) Bladder inflation C) Reabsorption D) nephrosis

21. _______ are transported to their targets by the bloodstream or secreted into extracellular fluid. A) Enzymes B) Nerve Impulses C) Hormones D) Pathogens

22. Which of the following are NOT paired correctly? A) thyroxine- pituitary gland B) glucagon- pancreas C) insulin- pancreas D) oxytocin- pituitary

23. ____ is converted to urea because it is less toxic to the body. A) carbon dioxide B) carbon monoxide C) maltose D) ammonia

24. What must reach its target cell, bind to a receptor protein, and move its message across a cell membrane in order to work? A) Nerve impulse B) hormone C) oxygen D) glucose

25. _______ is not reabsorbed in significant amounts back into the bloodstream by the nephrons A) glucose B) urea C) ions D) water

26. Testosterone is produced by ? A) ovaries B) thymus C) spleen D) testes

27. What breaks down fat molecules into fatty acids? A) emulsifiers B) bile C) sphincters D) enzymes

28. The ____ in the small intestine allows for an increase in the rate of nutrient absorption. A) hormones B) bacteria C) enzymes D) villi

29. In what organ is urea formed? A) kidneys B) liver C) pancreas D) lungs

30. What is the structure shown in the diagram called? A) bladder B) ureter C) nephron D) testes

31. The ____ plays a major role ion maintaining homeostasis by removing urea, water, and other wastes from the blood. A) Lungs B) Small intestines C) Large intestine D) Kidneys

32. ____ produces insulin A) Spleen B) Hypothalamus C) Pituitary gland D) Pancreas

33. During emergency situations (that cause the “fight or flight” response) the ______ is/are stimulated A) Pituitary gland B) Thymus gland C) Thyroid gland D) Adrenal glands

34. What # is pointing to the pituitary gland? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4

35. The gland which secretes hormones for the development and maintenance of female sexual characteristics is/are? A) ovaries B) testes C) hypothalamus D) adrenal glands

36. _______ produces growth hormones A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4

37. Which of these glands produces testosterone? A) ovaries B) testes C) pituitary D) pancreas

38. A defect in the functioning of this gland is associated with Diabetes Mellitus. A) #1 B) #2 C) #3 D) #4

39. Which of the following do not correspond with each other? A) ADH- kidneys B) oxytocin- uterus C) parathyroid- bones D) insulin- hypothalamus

40. If you have Diabetes mellitus, you can have high blood glucose levels and ….? A) Your cells may still not be able to obtain glucose B) Glycogen may be stored in large quantities C) Insulin levels will still increase D) All of the above

41. A ____ affects only its target cells. A) enzyme B) hormone C) toxin D) pathogen

42. Epinephrine and norepinephrine are produced by which gland? A ) Adrenal B) parathyroid C) thyroid D) pancreas

43. An increase of _____ in the bloodstream can be caused by secretion of epinephrine during stressful times. A) Oxygen B) Ions C) Calcium D) Glucose

44. _______ is the hormone that enables cells of certain tissues to take in glucose molecules. A) glucagon B) insulin C) epinephrine D) estrogen

45. The tubes that carry urine from kidneys to bladder are called? A) urethra B) sphincters C) ducts D) ureters

46. Located in the brain, this structure controls much of the endocrine activity of the body by regulating the secretions of the pituitary gland A) thyroid B) hypothalamus C) brainstem D) thalamus

47. Located within the pancreas, the Islets of Langerhans, are responsible for ? A) Making hormones that regulate blood sugar levels B) Regulating calcium levels in blood and bones C) Controlling the amount of iodine that reaches your thyroid D) Producing epinephrine and norepinephrine

48. Hormones produced in this gland: are regulated by the secretions from the hypothalamus, control the activity of other endocrine glands, and are produced as a result of stimulation by releasing hormones. A) adrenal B) pancreas C) pituitary D) testes

49. The pituitary releases all of the following hormones except A)prolactin B) Parathyroid hormone C) Oxytocin D) growth hormone

50. The gland(s) that secrete(s) a hormone that regulates the level of calcium in the body is/are called ____? A) parathyroid B) thyroid C) testes D) Both A & B

51. The functional unit of the kidneys is known as? A)the nephron B) the ureter C) the adrenal gland D) the loop of Henle