1. What is Science?

2. Essential Questions  What is science?  What methods do scientists use?  What are the branches of Earth science?

3. Science is…  A way of learning about the natural world and the knowledge gained through that process.  Science comes from a Latin word that means “knowing”.  Scientific inquiry is the diverse ways in which scientists explore problems and seek to answer questions about the natural world.

4. Thinking Like a Scientist  Observation involves using sight, hearing, smell, and sometimes taste to gather information.  Inference is an interpretation based on your observation and prior knowledge.

5. Scientific Methods  Scientific methods generally include posing questions, research, developing and testing hypotheses, and drawing conclusions. Scientists often test hypotheses by conducting controlled experiments.  Posing questions – Which brand of popcorn will have the fewest kernals?  Research – internet, encyclopedias, etc.

6. Developing Hypotheses  A hypothesis is a possible explanation for observations that relate to a scientific question.  Tested by observation or experiment.  Educated guess -  Use “if” and “then”  If five bags of each brand of popcorn is cooked, then Orville Redenbacher's popcorn will have the fewest kernels.

7. Designing a Controlled Experiment  Controlled Experiment – how one particular variable affects the outcome of the experiment.  Variable is one of the factors that can change in an experiment.  Microwave 3 brands of popcorn. This will be done with 4 bags each brand.

8. Testing Hypotheses  “Experimenting” at least 3 times or 14 days.  Earth processes are often observed for millions of years!  “Forever Young” – journals were kept on how Mel Gibson stayed young.

9. Collecting and Interpreting Data  Data – facts, figures, and other evidence gained through observation  CSI – crime data  Measurements  Analyze the data to see if it supports their hypothesis.

10. Measuring  Enables scientists to record what they observe in a way that others can understand easily.  Scientist use a worldwide system  International System of Units – SI units  Use metrics – cm, m, mg, liters

11. Drawing Conclusions  Do not use crayons or markers  Making a conclusion based on the data from your experiment.  Relate to the hypotheses…..  My hypothesis was incorrect. Wal- Mart brand had the fewest kernels and tasted the best.

12. Models & Simulations  A simulation is a model that imitates something in the real world.

13. Scientific Theories  A well-tested scientific concept that explains a wide range of observations.  When theory tests fail, scientist change the theory or abandon it.

14. Laboratory Safety  Symbols alert you to needed precautions, such as wearing goggles to protect your eyes.

15. Technology and the Internet in Earth Science  Two ways that technology helps scientists Collect data Helps them to communicate their discoveries to other scientists and to the public.

16. Branches of Earth Science  Earth science – knowledge about Earth and its place in the universe. Geology Oceanography Meteorology Astronomy

17. Branches  Geology – study of the solid Earth.  Oceanography – study of Earth’s oceans.  Meteorology – study of Earth’s atmosphere.  Astronomy – study of the universe beyond Earth.  Environmental scientists – study the environment and it’s resources.

18. Websites  http://kids.earth.nasa.gov/archive/ca reer/index.html http://kids.earth.nasa.gov/archive/ca reer/index.html  http://geology.com/ http://geology.com/  http://www.chevron.com/about/caree rs/career_options/earth_science/ http://www.chevron.com/about/caree rs/career_options/earth_science/  http://www.classzone.com/books/ml_ science_earth/page_build.cfm?conten t=careers&state=none#item http://www.classzone.com/books/ml_ science_earth/page_build.cfm?conten t=careers&state=none#item

19. Websites  http://earthsci.org/ http://earthsci.org/  http://yahooligans.yahoo.com/Scienc e_and_Nature/Careers/ http://yahooligans.yahoo.com/Scienc e_and_Nature/Careers/  http://www.khake.com/page86.html http://www.khake.com/page86.html  http://www.earthguide.ucsd.edu/ http://www.earthguide.ucsd.edu/  http://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstu dents/9-12/career/index.html http://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstu dents/9-12/career/index.html  http://www.earth.uni.edu/academics. html http://www.earth.uni.edu/academics. html

20. Earth Science Websites  http://image.gsfc.nasa.gov/poetry/as k/askmag.html http://image.gsfc.nasa.gov/poetry/as k/askmag.html  http://www.kaibab.org/geology/gc_g eol.htm http://www.kaibab.org/geology/gc_g eol.htm  http://nasajobs.nasa.gov/astronauts/ http://nasajobs.nasa.gov/astronauts/  http://www.spaceforspecies.ca/space _tech/careers_space_science.htm http://www.spaceforspecies.ca/space _tech/careers_space_science.htm  http://www.careersmarts.com/scienc e.htm http://www.careersmarts.com/scienc e.htm

21. Earth Science Websites  http://www.eos.ubc.ca/public/careers /index.html http://www.eos.ubc.ca/public/careers /index.html  http://www.hrw.com/science/si- science/index.html http://www.hrw.com/science/si- science/index.html  http://www.earthsky.org/browse/inde x.php?c=General+Science http://www.earthsky.org/browse/inde x.php?c=General+Science  http://scienceforfamilies.allinfo- about.com/subjects/earthscience.htm l http://scienceforfamilies.allinfo- about.com/subjects/earthscience.htm l

22. Earth Science Websites  http://geology.about.com/b/a/2005_ 08_21.htm http://geology.about.com/b/a/2005_ 08_21.htm  http://www.ncsu.edu/sciencejunction /terminal/imse/lowres/1/earth.htm http://www.ncsu.edu/sciencejunction /terminal/imse/lowres/1/earth.htm  http://www.niehs.nih.gov/kids/links.h tm http://www.niehs.nih.gov/kids/links.h tm  http://www.kiwicareers.govt.nz/lists/j obs/talpfrm.htm http://www.kiwicareers.govt.nz/lists/j obs/talpfrm.htm

23. Websites  http://www.route- one.com/teachers/jaymeherbert/inde x.asp?pageid=106 http://www.route- one.com/teachers/jaymeherbert/inde x.asp?pageid=106  http://www.education- world.com/science/ http://www.education- world.com/science/  http://www.sciencenewsforkids.org/p ages/search.asp?catid=6 http://www.sciencenewsforkids.org/p ages/search.asp?catid=6