1.  Define: Deregulation- federal debt - glasnost- Perestroika  Identify: Sandra Day O’Connor -

3.  Start of a conservative movement – traditional American values – emphasis on family life, hard work, respect for law and patriotism  View that federal gov’t made too many rules, collected too many taxes, spent too much money on social programs

4.  Air traffic controllers went on strike in 1981  Pres. Reagan ordered them back – firing those who refused – placing military staff to do jobs  Showed nation as president he would use his position to stand firm and carry out policies in which he believed  Deregulation –act of cutting the restrictions and regulations that gov’t places on business  New rules for auto exhaust systems – safety measures made easier

5.  1981- Appointed Sandra Day O’Connor, first woman, justice to Supreme Court  Appointed Antonin Scalia – Anthony Kennedy  Most of the justices shared Reagan’s conservative views

6.  Believed lower taxes would allow people and corporations to invest in new businesses  Believed in less gov’t spending  Supply side-economics – stimulate the economy by increasing the supply of goods and services  1981- Congress lowered taxes – cut $40 billion for school lunches, student aid, welfare, low- income housing, food stamps  Reagan increased military spending – Soviets were possible threat

7.  US gov’t spent more than it collected- borrow money to make up difference  Federal debt – amount of money owed by the gov’t  1970-1980 $381 billion to $909 billion  1980 – 1990 - $ 3.2 trillion  By 1983, recession eased, but gov’t debt increased  1985 Congress passed Gramm-Rudman-Hollings Act – eliminate fed’l debt by 1991 – if Congress & President cannot agree on voluntary spending cuts, law calls for automatic cuts.

8.  Fight Communism- massive military buildup  Expanded arsenal of tanks, ships, aircraft and nuclear missiles  “Star Wars”- Strategic Defense Initiative – proposed antimissile defense system – provide defense shield against enemy missiles- scientists unable to develop technology

9.  Nicaragua – Communist rebels (Sandinistas) overthrew gov’t  Reagan sent aid to contras (group battling the Sandinistas)- source of disagreement between president and Congress  1983- Granada rebels staged uprising – 800 US medical students on island – sent in troops to rescue – establish pro- democracy gov’t

10.  1982- US marines sent to keep peace in war-torn Lebanon. Car bomb blast killed more than 60 people in US embassy in Beirut- later 241 Americans and 58 French killed in attacks on military headquarters  Reagan withdrew all US forces from Lebanon than become more involved in the struggle.

11.  Republicans – Reagan/Bush – used booming economy as optimistic theme in campaign  Democrats – Walter Mondale/Geraldine Ferraro (woman as VP) Reagan wins all but one state’s electoral votes.

12.  1984-Terrorists with ties to Iran gov’t held US citizens hostage in Lebanon  Marine Lt. Col. Oliver North and Navy Vice Adm. John Poindexter arranged for sale of weapons to Iran in return for freeing US hostages. Money from secret arms sale went to help the Nicaraguan contras.  Critics charged this violated Constitution by interfering with Congress’ role in making foreign policy  Hearings held to see if Reagan broke law – no proof

13.  1985-New Soviet general secretary- Mikhail Gorbachev- reformer – policy of glasnost – policy allowing more open discussion of political and social issues, as well as more widespread news and information  Gorbachev moved to allow more democracy- perestroika- policy of gov’t and economic reform in the mid-1980s in the Soviet Union  1987-Intermediate long-range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF) – US & Soviets to reduce number of nuclear missiles in arsenal – reduce threat of nuclear war