1. ChemEd DL WikiHyperGlossary (WHG): A Social Semantic Information Literacy Service for Digital Documents 245 th ACS National Meeting CINF Oral Session Library Cafes, Intellectual commons and Virtual Services, Oh My! Charting New Routs for Users into Research Libraries Robert E. Belford 1,Dan Berleant 2, Michael A. Bauer 2, Jon L. Holmes 3 & John W. Moore 3 1 Dept. of Chemistry, University of Arkansas at Little Rock 2 Dept. of Information Science, University of Arkansas at Little Rock 3 Dept. of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin - Madison

2. First a little Background The WikiHyperGlossary grew out of the MSDS Hyperglossary developed by Dr. Rob Toreki Rob Toreki www.ilpi.com 2005 ACS Presentation http://www.ilpi.com/msds/ref/

3. First a little Background 2006 Bob Hanson & I organized a ConfChem Rob Toreki and I presented on the MSDS Hyperglossary Several papers were on Wikis Rob Toreki www.ilpi.com So Why not a WikiHyperGlossary? The name stuck, even though it is now outdated

4. Presentation Outline 1.Overview ICTs 2.Challenges for Free Agent (DIY) Learners 3.WHG as an Information Literacy Technology Glossary Architecture to Provide Background Knowledge Molecular Editor Enabled Knowledge Pathways

5. The WikiHyperGlossary (WHG) as an Information and Communication Technology (ICT) ICTs determine how humans share and communicate information. ICTs determine the cognitive artifacts used to represent and manipulate information ICTs influence the schema used to derive knowledge from information

6. What is the story of this prehistoric cave drawing from the Magura cave in Bulgaria? http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Magura_-_drawings.jpg Subjective Interpretation Rorschach Blot? Rorschach Blot Brief Evolution of ICTs Information and Communication Technologies

7. With written script the information (story) could be accurately transmitted to the future. Dead men can talk http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/Early_Kufic_script_-_Qur%27anic_Manuscript.jpg

8. In the Dark Ages, with so few texts, few outside of the clergy were literate. Even Kings were Illiterate http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dd/Tapisserie_moines_mannequins.jpg

9. Around 1440 Gutenberg Invents the Printing Press http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/Printer_in_1568-ce.png

10. wikipedia/commons/c/c7/Prior_Health_Sciences_Library_Mural_Printing_Press.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0f/Dalton%27s_Element_List.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/1665_phil_trans_vol_i_title.pnghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/ Printed Material enabled “mass communication” and was adopted by scientific societies in the pursuit of science

11. http://www.unesco.org/new/en/education/themes/education-building-blocks/literacy/un-literacy-decade/ Printed Material Become Ubiquitous to the Point that the United Nations Currently Considers Literacy to be a Fundamental Human Right

12. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WorldWideWebAroundWikipedia.png http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d8/Sony_Ericsson_W960i.jpg

13. Web 1.0 (World Wide Web) Content (write[publish] once/read many) html/client side scripting Search services and instant publishing and delivery Web 2.0 (Social Web) Dynamic (write many/read many) content Server side scripting offering collaborative content generation Web 3.0 (semantic web) Organic knowledge frameworks Software agents directly extracting online data and exchanging information InChI enables cheminformatic functionality

14. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Asm_lecture_hall.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Fotothek_df_pk_0000296_032_Dozent_Prof._Erwin_Gohrbandt.jpg In a Book?Online? Where do Today’s Researchers Prefer to Seek Information?

15. Copyright Project Tomorrow 2011, slides courtesy of Julie Evans

16. http://nsdl.org/archives/workshops/tooltimes/2011-01-25/lib/playback.html Emergence of the New Free Agent Learner

17. Copyright Project Tomorrow 2011, slides courtesy of Julie Evans Is this reflected in research?

18. What kind of challenges do Free Agent Learners face? http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Asm_lecture_hall.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Fotothek_df_pk_0000296_032_Dozent_Prof._Erwin_Gohrbandt.jpg

19. Personal Knowledge Distal Knowledge Football Addition & Subtraction ZPD Multiplication & Division Logarithms & Exponentiation Automobiles Chemistry Vygotsky They will often operate in their Distal Knowledge Space

20. Can digital technologies be developed which enhance learning of material in the Distal Zone through directed scaffolding of content from a student's ZPD? http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Asm_lecture_hall.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Fotothek_df_pk_0000296_032_Dozent_Prof._Erwin_Gohrbandt.jpg

21. Social Semantic Information Literacy Technology (Targets Experts and Novices) Automates markup of digital text documents and web pages to database content associated with glossary terms. Content may be textual or multimedia Associates chemical identifiers with chemical terms which can be used by various software agents

22. HyperGlossary Parser Document Marked-Up Document External Sources ChemEd DL ChemSpider PDB Terms Definitions Unique Identifiers Match Glossary Terms HTML Markup HG DB Data Query Connecting Gutenberg

23. "Cognitive scientists agree that reading comprehension requires prior "domain-specific" knowledge about the things a text refers to, …” -E.D. Hirsch, Jr., "The Knowledge Deficit"

24. Readers need to know around 90% of the words to be able to infer the meaning of the words they do not know. The omitted words, what the text implies but does not say, are as important as the written words -E.D. Hirsch, Jr., "The Knowledge Deficit"

25. When an author writes a document, s/he assumes a level of prior knowledge that defines the implicit text, the omitted text. -E.D. Hirsch, Jr., "The Knowledge Deficit" “In 1861 the North fought the South”

26. Reading comprehension suffers for documents in one’s Distal Knowledge Space because the prior knowledge is not there.

27. 1.Need to know what the words mean. 2.Need to know the implied knowledge, the knowledge the author assumed the reader knew and omitted when scripting the narrative Two Core Issues 27

28. Non-editable IUPAC definition of entropy with citation Wiki generated social multimedia definition of appropriate ZPD to provide subject-domain background knowledge for reading comprehension 28

29. As you scroll down you can get up to 4 social definitions targeting different ZPD with multimedia elements 29 Video

30. 30 Can embedding in a document social produced multimedia ZPD-appropriate definitions be done at a sufficient term density to provide enough background knowledge for novices to generate understanding in a document which would otherwise be in their distal zone?

31. Semantics &Chemical Identifiers Word Type = "Chemical" has input for InChI 31 videoSkip Slides

32. 3D Visualizations Through InChI query ChemEd DL Models 360 32

33. Engage Jmol with IR spectra 33

34. Visualize Symmetry Elements 34

35. Generate basic Jmol if molecule not present in Models 360 35

36. 2D Molecular Editor 36

37. Molecular Editor Enabled Knowledge Framework 37

38. Molecular Editor Enabled Knowledge Framework 38

39. Molecular Editor Enabled Knowledge Framework 39

40. Molecular Editor Enabled Knowledge Framework 40

41. Molecular Editor Enabled Knowledge Framework 41

42. Molecular Editor Enabled Knowledge Framework 42

43. Molecular Editor Enabled Knowledge Framework 43

44. Molecular Editor Enabled Knowledge Framework 44

45. Molecular Editor Enabled Knowledge Framework 45

46. Other WHG Related Presentations 46 76 - Jikitou biomedical question answering system: Using multiple resources to answer biomedical questions. (Michael Bauer) Tuesday, April 9, 2013 11:30 AM Linking Bioinformatic Data and Cheminformatic Data Location: MCC, Room: 349 510 - WikiHyperGlossary (WHG): New knowledge frameworks for historical documents and the role of Web APIs Monday, April 8, 2013 12:00 PM Undergraduate Research Posters (12:00 PM - 02:30 AM) Location: MCC, Room: Hall D

47. This material is based upon work supported by the NSF DUE-0840830. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation whg.chemeddl.org rebelford@ualr.edu

48. Questions? 48 http://whg.chemeddl.org/ Bob Belford: rebelford@ualr.edu