1. Cell Structure & Function

2. CELLS

3. 5 Kingdoms each containing cells

4. Use Prezi to identify the 5 Kingdoms

5. Robert Hooke’s famous drawing of cork cells

6. Cell Theory
The cell was first discovered by Robert Hooke in He examined very thin slices of cork and saw a multitude of tiny pores that he remarked looked like the walled compartments of a honeycomb.
Hooke called them cells
However, Hooke did not know their real structure or function. [1]

7. Cell Theory
The first man to witness a live cell under a microscope was Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, who in 1674 described the algae Spirogyra and named the moving organisms animalcules, meaning "little animals".[3].
Leeuwenhoek probably also saw bacteria.[4]

8. Spirogyra (Kingdom Protista)

9. Bones are made of cells

10. Muscles are made of cells

11. Plant
Cells

12. Red Blood Cells

13. Cells

14. Nerve cells

15. Nerve Cells

16. White Blood Cell

17. Red and White Blood Cells

18. Cells are either multicellular (more than one) or unicellular (one)

19. Animal and plant cells eukaryotes

20. All plants are made of cells

21. Plants Cells

22. All animals are made of cells

23. Comparison of Cells

24. Cell Theory
Cells are the basic unit of structure in every living thing.
All cells come from pre-existing cells by division.
Cells contain hereditary information (DNA) which is passed from cell to cell during cell division
All cells are basically the same in chemical composition.

25. Cell Theory
Cells are the basic unit of structure in every living thing.
All known living things are made up of cells.
Some organisms are unicellular, i.e., made up of only one cell.
Others are multicellular, composed of a number of cells.

26. How many cells make up your body?
My body is made of 1,000 cells
My body is made of 10,000 cells
My body is made of 100,000 cells
My body is made of 1,000,000 cells
My body is made of 10,000,000 cells
My body is made of 100,000,000 cells
My body is made of 1,000,000,000 cells
My body is made of 10,000,000,000 cells
My body is made of 100,000,000,000 cells
My body is made of 1,000,000,000,000 cells

27. What else is made of cells
What else is made of cells? Blue green Bacteria sometimes called Blue green Algae
Algae

28. Volvox (Kingdom Protista)

29. Kelp forest (Algae) (Kingdom Protista)

30. An Amoeba is unicellular (Kingdom Protista)

31. Amoeba

32. Unicellular: “free-living” can operate independently to survive
Example Volvox
Multicellular: works together with other cells as a larger part of the cell to survive
Example:Human

33. Euglena are unicellular protist

34. Yeast Cells: kingdom fungi (Fungi are made of cells)

35. Examples of Cells Amoeba Proteus Plant Stem Bacteria Red Blood Cell
Nerve Cell

36. Cell Organelles and Parts
Organelle: membrane-bound structure within a cell that has a specific shape and function.
Examples: Nucleus, Mitochondria, Chloroplast

37. Cell Theory All living things are made up of cells.
Cells are the smallest working units of all living things.
All cells come from preexisting cells through cell division.

38. Definition of Cell
A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life functions.

39. Types of Cells
Cells can be subdivided into the following subcategories:
Prokaryotes: Prokaryotes lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles (though they do contain ribosomes). Bacteria are prokaryotes.
Eukaryotes: Eukaryotes have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles (mitochondria, chloroplasts, lysosomes, vacuoles,etc).

40. Bacteria are made of cells called prokaryotes

41. Bacteria-Eubacteria “Pro”: 1st

42. Prokaryotic Eukaryotic
Two Types of Cells
Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic

43. Prokaryotic Do not have structures surrounded by membranes
Few internal structures
One-celled organisms, Bacteria

44. Eukaryotic Contain organelles surrounded by membranes
Most living organisms
Plant
Animal

45. “Typical” Animal Cell

46. “Typical” Plant Cell

47. Cell Parts
Organelles

48. Surrounding the Cell

49. Cell Membrane/Plasma membrane
Outer membrane of cell that controls movement in and out of the cell
Double layer

50. Cell membrane

51. Plasma membrane Hydrophobic heads and hydrophilic tails
Phospholipid bilayer
Large proteins
cholesterol

52. Cell Wall Found in plant cells & bacteria
Supports & protects cells (UV rays and harsh conditions)

53. Inside the Cell

54. Nucleus Directs cell activities
Separated from cytoplasm by nuclear membrane
Contains genetic material - DNA

55. Nuclear Membrane Surrounds nucleus Made of two layers
Openings allow material to enter and leave nucleus

56. Chromosomes Inside nucleus Made of DNA
Contain instructions for traits & characteristics
46 total in each cell**

57. Nucleolus Inside nucleus Contains RNA to build proteins

58. Cytoplasm A human cell system is approximately 75% water
The cytoplasm is the jelly-like watery fluid that makes up the cell.
Transports PROTEINS

59. Cytoplasm Gel-like mixture Surrounded by cell membrane
Contains hereditary material

60. Microfilaments and Microtubule
Helps to maintain shape of the cell.
Aid in cell division (mitosis and meiosis)

61. Endoplasmic Reticulum
Moves materials around in cell
Smooth type: lacks ribosomes
Rough type (pictured): ribosomes embedded in surface

62. Ribosomes Each cell contains thousands
Make proteins (PROTEINS SYNTHESIS)
Found on ribosomes & floating throughout the cell

63. Mitochondria
Produces energy ATP through chemical reactions – breaking down fats & carbohydrates
Controls level of water and other materials in cell
Recycles and decomposes proteins, fats, and carbohydrates

64. Golgi Bodies Protein 'packaging plant' Move materials within the cell
Move materials out of the cell

65. Lysosome
Digestive 'plant' for proteins, fats, and carbohydrates (macromolecules)
Transports undigested material to cell membrane for removal
Cell breaks down if lysosome explodes

66. Vacuoles Membrane-bound sacs for storage, digestion, and waste removal
Contains water solution
Help plants maintain shape

67. Chloroplast Usually found in plant cells
Contains green chlorophyll (pigment)
Where photosynthesis takes place

68. In Animal Cells only..Flagella
Long whip like extension used for movement

69. In Animal Cells only..Centrioles
Short tubes necessary for cell division (reproduction)

70. In Animal Cells only..Cilia
Short whip-like, hair like extension on the surface of some cells used for movement and gathering.