1. eBooks on Demand A European Network

2. Background  For the first time ever one can imagine that all books (in the public domain) are available in digital format  Global initiatives: Google, Microsoft, OCA, European Commission,…  Publishers will follow for the 20th century  Orphan works and out-of-print books: special regulations will allow commercial and non-commercial use

3. Long tails…

4. Consequences  80% of all books will be digitised within a relatively short time-period  The rest will need as much time and effort as the first 20%  Public interest will decrease, other hypes will come  Willingness to pay for the rest will decrease  But the user will demand for digital versions of every book or library item – and the more will be online – the higher will be the demand for accessing the book here and now

5. Situation in Europe  27 countries, 23 official languages, but at least 10-15 other important languages and literary cultures  E.g. German speaking communities (and their books) existed or are still existing in at least 12 countries  Digitisation is until now a national task, only a very few countries have a real strategy and are ready to invest money  EU commission supports mainly R&D projects, but does not pay for digitisation efforts  In some countries there are political reservations against global digitisation initiatives  In short: A big part of the long tail can be found in Europe

6. Consequences  It will take some time – at least 15-20 years – until all books are available in digital format  Users will not know when exactly a book will be available in digital format  Until that users have only the chance to use „traditional access modes“ if they need a historic book here and now: –Interlibrary loan –Travelling to the library –Buying a book via a second hand book shop  But: Demands of users will grow, books which are not digital, are „not existing“

7. eBooks on Demand  EOD is a service where books are digitised according to the individual demand of a user  The user gets a PDF eBook  The digitised item is incorporated into a digital library and preserved for the long term

8. General advantages  A user needs a specific book and he gets it here and now in digital format.  All mass-digitisation projects need to select, but who does the selection and with which justification?  The digital library grows according to the needs of users  After the „on-demand-digitisation“ the digitised items are available for everybody  The library portfolio is enlarged: From now on all our books are – on request - available in digital format

9. General disadvantages  On-demand services are principally more expansive than mass-production processes  The user has to pay for the digitised item  Reservations may arise at users side: I have to pay, the next one gets it for free.  The decision for digitising „the whole library“ is made once, on-demand services are more complex with respect to the political situation in libraries (rare book collection departments)

10. Pros over cons  The advantages are higher if –the price is fair and moderate –the user understands that he does not pay for the whole digitisation process but only for the extra costs of the on-demand service –the whole on-demand process is organised in a highly efficient and standardised way so that the library does not run into unexpected difficulties

11. EOD approach (1)  Organise the eBook-on-Demand service in a distributed manner  A central service provider takes over all general tasks: –Solving contractual issues –Running a web-based database for tracking the whole business process –Providing the infrastructure to manage orders and customers –Creating PDF eBooks from scanned images –Managing online accounting (credit cards,…) –Delivering eBooks or DVDs to customers

12. EOD approach (2)  EOD libraries need to perform only three main tasks on local level: –Using their account in the central database for managing their orders –Scanning the books –Delivering the scanned images to the central service provider  Conclusion: As many tasks as possible are provided by the central service node, only the basic services such as communicating with the user and scanning are performed locally

13. Advantages of EOD  Efficent and standardised workflow  Standardised product: PDF eBook  Libraries need not to care about software, servers, etc.  Libraries and end-users will benefit from growing acknowledgement: EOD as brand name  Libraries and end-users will benefit from advertising and marketing

14. User‘s look and feel

15. Rare books are marked

16. eod button … order with one click …

17. Order form

18. eBook for download or DVD

19. Online payment

20. eBook

21. EOD service  Ordering a book from a library via EOD is as easy as ordering a book in an online bookshop.  Target groups are mainly historians and researchers from the humanities

22. Operator‘s view

23. Libraries view

24. Background  EU Project grant –2 Mill. EUR budget –Duration: 18 months, started on 1st of October 2006 –Coordinator: University Innsbruck Library  13 partners, 8 countries  Trial implementations  Market validation –Several market surveys  Self-sustainable network

25. Where we are? Austria: University Libraries Graz, Innsbruck, ViennaYES Germany: Bavarian States Library, University Libraries Greifswald, Regensburg, Berlin YES Slovakia: University Library BratislavaYES Estonian National LibraryYES Royal Library DenmarkSoon National Library SloveniaSoon National Library PortugalAutumn National Library HungaryAutumn

26. Expected figures  University Innsbruck Library –Experiences since 2004: 250 orders per year  Bavarian States Library –Experiences since 2005: 1200 orders per year  But these presuccessors had –no advertising so far –no direct integration into the catalogue –no branding, no online accounting, etc.  Expectations: –Large libraries: 2000 orders per year –Medium libraries: 500 orders per year  A network of 15-20 libraries would digitise/deliver some ten-thousand books per year

27. Business model  Objective: To set up a self-sustainable network  Ownership is at the 13 libraries  Operative costs of the central service provider should be covered by the income made  „It will be a long journey and an adventure!“

28. Thank you for your interest!

29. The network 13 libraries from 8 European countries

30. UL Innsbruck UL Greifs- wald HU Berlin BSB Munich UL Regens- burg NL Slovenia NL Hungary UL Bratislava NL Estonia NL Denmark NL Portugal UL Vienna UL Graz

31. Interested? Become member of the EOD network!

32. Beispiele  For example: UL of Innsbruck: OPAC http://aleph.uibk.ac.at/http://aleph.uibk.ac.at/ „Coldstream Austria“  For example: UL of Graz: Image catalogue http://webapp.uibk.ac.at/alo_cat/card.jsp?id=4097871&p os=5&phys=

33. Search a book in the library catalogue of an EOD partner…

35. Background Every copyright free book in Europe accessible as eBook on Demand!