3. Some animals are extinct ( they no more live on earth). Some are endangered ( face the danger of being extinct). And some are not in danger. We should try to protect the endangered species. We should stop logging companies from cutting down trees, which are the homes of some birds such as the northern spotted owls.

4. Every year there are 4 percent fewer northern spotted owls in the forests of the pacific Northwest of America. Today only 3,600 remain. Logging companies have been cutting down the redwood trees for wood. These trees are the owls home. Every year there are 4 percent fewer northern spotted owls in the forests of the pacific Northwest of America. Today only 3,600 remain. Logging companies have been cutting down the redwood trees for wood. These trees are the owls home. One hundred years ago, there were 100,000 wild tigers in the world. Today, there only between 5,000 and 7,00 tigers. People kill tigers to sell their parts to people who make traditional medicines. Others tigers die because people cut down their forests to make rooms for farms.

5. Grizzly bears are native to North America. Native (adj): describes plants and animals which grow naturally in a place There are still many wild Grizzly bears. Wild (adj): a wild animal or plant lives or grows on its own in natural conditions and is not raised by humans Sara’s grandmother gave her a beautiful set of knives and forks with ivory handles. Ivory (n) : the yellowish-white bone that an elephant’s tusks are made of She made a donation to Save the Elephants Fund. Donation (n): when money or goods are given to help a person or an organization Now, it’s illegal to cut down the trees in many places. Illegal (adj) : against the law Loggers used to cut down trees wherever they wanted. Loggers (n) : people who work for logging companies / those who cut down trees Hunters kill bears because they want their fur and meat. Hunters (n) : people who hunt animals to get money by selling their skins or fur She convinced her mother that she was wrong. Convince (v) : to persuade someone or make them certain By 1907, almost 30 percent of the United states’ forests were gone. By+ a year: no later than that time They want to protect their farm animals and their families.. protect (v) : Keep someone or something safe.

6. Save the elephants In the following reading passage you will Know…….  the reasons why elephants are endangered.  what Save The Elephants Fund is.  the ways we can save the elephants with.

7. SAVE THE ELEPHANTS FUND 2354 Massachusetts Avenue, NW Washington, D.C. 01012 October 14, 2004 Dear Friend of SAVE THE ELEPHANTS FUND, 1Thank you for your generous donation last year. Your money helped us to open a new wildlife park in Kenya as part of our work to help protect the 500,000 elephants left in Africa. 2Unfortunately, elephants are endangered in other parts of the world, too, and we need your help again. This time we need you to help us in Thailand. 3One hundred years ago, millions of wild elephants lived in Asia. Today there are only 30,000 Asian elephants. The situation in Thailand is especially serious. Thailand now has only 1,800 to 2,000 elephants. Experts believe that by the year 2010, elephants in Thailand will be extinct. 4Why are elephants in Thailand endangered? 5They don’t have enough food to eat. Paper companies cut down banana trees and bamboo. These plants are native to Thailand, and they are eaten by elephants. The companies plant eucalyptus trees instead. The eucalyptus trees grow fast, and the companies use their wood for boxes and other paper products. The paper companies make a lot of money from the eucalyptus trees. But what about the elephants? They need 150 to 300 kilograms of food every day, and they can’t eat eucalyptus trees! 6Hunters kill hundreds of elephants every year. Hunting elephants is not legal in Thailand, but many hunters kill these animals anyway. These illegal hunters make a lot of money from selling elephant tusks. The only way to get the tusk off the elephant is to kill the animal. The hunters sell the tusks to people who make furniture, jewelry, and art from the ivory in the tusk. 7What can we do? 8With your help and donation, this year we will: Teach companies in Thailand about trees that are good for business and good for elephants. Pay for game wardens to protect the elephants from illegal hunting. Convince people around the world not to buy things made of ivory. Help hunters to find other ways to make money. 9Last year you helped Kenya’s elephants. This year Thailand’s elephants need your help. Please send your donation today. Thank you. Sincerely, Mark Gow Executive Director

8. Answer the following questions: 1. Who is the letter from ? Who is the letter to? 2. What does the writer of the letter want? 3. Why are elephants in Thailand endangered? 4. The letter says, "we need your help.” ? What kind of help does Save The Elephants Fund want? 5. Save The Elephants Fund says it will “help hunters find other ways to make money” How does this help the elephants?

9. Answer the following questions: 1. Who is the letter from ? Who is the letter to? It’s from Mark Gow The executive manager of The Elephants Fund to one of its friends. 2. What does the writer of the letter want? - He wants to explain to that friend the dangers the elephants in Thailand face and how they can help protect the elephants. - He asks him to send his donation for the sake of Thailand’s elephants. 3. Why are elephants in Thailand endangered? a- Elephants in Thailand don’t have enough food to eat because paper companies cut down banana trees and bamboo, the elephants’ only food. b- Hunters kill hundreds of wild elephants to sell their tusks. 4. The letter says, "we need your help.” ? What kind of help does Save The Elephants Fund want? It needs donations from its supporters to help save the elephants. 5. Save The Elephants Fund says it will “help hunters find other ways to make money” How does this help the elephants? If hunters find other jobs, they will stop killing elephants for money.

10. Reading two Save a Logger – Eat an Owl

11. Answer the following questions: 1.Why is Ken angry? 2. Why did logging companies in Ken's town stop cutting down so many trees? 3. How does saving the northern spotted owl hurt Ken Waxter and other people in his town?

12. Answer the following questions: 1.Why is Ken angry? ~ He's angry because of a previous article talking about saving the northern spotted owl by stopping cutting their trees. 2. Why did logging companies in Ken's town stop cutting down so many trees? ~ They stopped cutting down so many trees because the government ordered them to. 3. How does saving the northern spotted owl hurt Ken Waxter and other people in his town? ~ After the government stopped the logging companies from cutting down so many trees, a lot of loggers, like Ken Waxter and others, lost their jobs, and had to move away to find other jobs.

13. A letter has five parts: 1- date 2- opening 3- body 4- closing 5- signature

14. The date: is usually in the top right corner of the paper Opening : a greeting : “ Dear….” and a comma Body : your message – one or more paragraphs Closing : such as “ All the best”, “Best Wishes”, “Yours truly”, “Sincerely” ….. Signature : your first name for people you know, your full name for other people

15. September 30, 2005 Dear Julie, Hi! Thanks for your letter. Your vacation plans sound like so much fun! What interests you about Kenya? I am interested in going to Africa too. I hear that the animals in Kenya are amazing. I’d like to know more about your trip and the tour group. Who leads the tours? Where do the guests sleep? If you sleep in tents, I think I will find another tour group! I would be too scared of having an elephant walk over me while I sleep. what do you need to bring? I have an old suitcase, but maybe I should buy a backpack. How much does a trip cost ? when do you need to pay? I don’t have much money in the bank right now, but I guess I could use a credit card. Who do I call if I am interested in going? I’ll call you soon to talk more about the trip. Maybe we can go together. All the best, Christine The Date The Opening The Body The Closing The Signature A letter has five main parts

16. Personal letters are those which you send to friends or people you already know. 1-When you sign, write your first name 2-There is no need to write your name after the date. Business letters are those sent to people for business reasons. 1-When you write a business letter, write your name and address after the date. 2-If you write to a person you know his / her name, write his / her name and the person’s title. If you don’t know the person, write “ To Whom It May Concern”. 3-Use “ Sincerely” for the closing. 4- When signing, write your full name and job title. 5- Business letters should be typed if possible.

17. Examples: Where does she take her lessons? Why do you come late? When is the meeting? How are you today? Who am I to talk to ? What is your name? Wh Words : (When / Why / Where/ Who/ What / How/ Which/How many/How much)

18. ? Base verbsubjectDo/Does Wh word ? late stay upyoudoWhy ? finishYour lessondoesWhat time ? exercisestakeAdeldoesWhere In most WH- questions, we use do/does after the question words immediately: ~ I stay up late because I work until midnight. Why do you stay up late? ~ My lesson finishes at six p.m. What time does your lesson finish?

19. We do not use verb do/does with verb To Be: ~ Mammoths are extinct animals. What are mammoths? ~ The ivory table is 500 dollars. How much is the ivory table? ?subjectare / isWh word ?mammothsareWhat

20. To form wh questions about the subject of the sentence, we don’t use do or does. We use the third person singular form of the verb. if you ask about a subject ( person / people), use “who” ~ Maha speaks English fluently. Who speaks English fluently? If you ask about a subject ( non person ), use “ what” ~ The bird’s singing wakes me up. What wakes you up every day? ? ObjectThird person singular form of the verb. Wh word ? the elephantskillsWho ? up youwakesWhat