1. ZOONOTIC DISEASES
Tartu
Markku Seuri, FIOH, 2004

2. DEFINITION diseases from animals to humans or visa versa
directly from animals by inhalation, contact or bites
indirectly by contaminated soil or other material
by vectors (insects)
Markku Seuri, FIOH, 2004

3. IMPORTANCE
in industrialised countries by food or drinks (water, milk etc)
as occupational diseases rare
in animal contact
in environments where animals are
Markku Seuri, FIOH, 2004

4. IN EU Council Directive 92/117/EEC:
yearly report on the zoonoses situation in the country
the following is based on the Finnish zoonoses report in
Markku Seuri, FIOH, 2004

5. MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS (BOVINE TBC)
TBC free status of bovine herds
eradicated in 1960´s for the most part
latest detection 1982
no TBC isolated from deer, swine or zoo animals in 2002
in man M. bovis found 0-1 times a year
Markku Seuri, FIOH, 2004

6. BRUCELLOSIS brucellosis free status of bovine herds
latest case in cattle in 1960
brucellosis free status of ovine (sheep) and caprine (coat) herds
never recorded in Finland
porcine brucellosis has been recorded in Finland
0-2 human cases a year; mostly from food eaten abroad
Markku Seuri, FIOH, 2004

7. SALMONELLA
in 2002 found in two broiler breeding flocks and in one turkey breeding flock
no cases in egg production
in 9 herds of cattle
none in swine
in man domestic cases yearly; abroad
no occupational cases known
Markku Seuri, FIOH, 2004

8. TRICHINELLA
trichinellosis has been detected in a few domestic swine every year during the last 20 years
in 2002 two cases in over 2 million samples
none found in horses
two in farmed wild boars
in wild animals 55 positive of 296 samples
no human cases in 2002
Markku Seuri, FIOH, 2004

9. RABIES since 1991 Finland is free of rabies no positive cases in 2002
vaccination programme:
to immunise wild animals coming from Russia
immunisation baits spread by plane in south-eastern border area of 250 km long and km wide
no human cases
Markku Seuri, FIOH, 2004

10. LISTEROSIS
listed as a zoonotic disease even if it is mostly a microbe of the soil
for animals Listeria rarely causes diseases
importance in food-chain:
it can grow in temperatures found in refrigerators
commonly found in soil and animal faeces
commonly by food, very rarely by direct contact to sick animal
Markku Seuri, FIOH, 2004

11. YERSINOSIS
the third most common cause of bacterial gastrointestinal infections (after Campylobacter and Salmonella)
cases reported
by food or drinks
according to the serologic studies occupational exposure is evident, but clinical disease?
Occupational nature no shown
Markku Seuri, FIOH, 2004

12. ECHINOCOCCUS GRANULOSUS
found in reindeer close to the Russian border and from imported horses
in 2002 in 21 reindeer out of samples tested
none found in cattle, sheep, goats, dogs, pigs, horses or moose in 2002
no human cases in 2002
Markku Seuri, FIOH, 2004

13. TOXOPLASMOSIS found in cats, wild animals etc
causes abortions and malformations in humans
34 human cases reported in 2002
it has been estimated that each year about 50 children are borne with toxoplasmosis
no reported cases as an occupational disease in Finland
Markku Seuri, FIOH, 2004

14. EHEC 1 definition disputable verocytotoxic E. coli (serotype O157) new
cattle is the main reservoir
animals are not effected
in ,3 % of all herds were positive
Markku Seuri, FIOH, 2004

15. EHEC 2
EHEC dies in heating but can survive freezing and stands well acid environment (German type sausages)
in humans the toxins (Stx1 and Stx2) causes the symptoms
hemorrhagic diarrhoea
mortality 5 % in children under 5 y
Markku Seuri, FIOH, 2004

16. EHEC 3 in the beginning 1990 only a few sporadic cases from abroad
in the disease spread to Finland
in 2002 at slaughter 9 positive samples out of 195
17 human cases
Markku Seuri, FIOH, 2004

17. EHEC 4 not known occupational diseases
but cases of children living in farms have been reported
children living in farms are in risk
Markku Seuri, FIOH, 2004

18. ERYSIPELOTHRIX common microbe in soil causes typical disease in swine
about 5000 cases in swine yearly
in abattoirs and in farms can be an occupational diseases:
causes skin infection in damaged skin
septic form rare
Markku Seuri, FIOH, 2004