1. How to Use This Presentation To View the presentation as a slideshow with effects select “View” on the menu bar and click on “Slide Show”, or simply press F5 on the top row of your keyboard. To advance to the next slide click the left mouse button once. From the Chapter screen you can click on any section to go directly to that section’s presentation. Blank or “missing” areas of a slide will remain hidden until the left mouse button is clicked. You may exit the slide show at any time by pressing the Esc key Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

2. Staying Healthy Chapter 28 Section 1: Good Nutrition Section 2: Risks of Alcohol and Other Drugs Section 3: Healthy Habits Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. End of Slide

3. Good Nutrition Section 1 Bellringer Using information you learned in earlier chapters, match the terms in the first column with the descriptions in the second column. 1. nutrients a. units of energy 2. calories b. found in vegetable oils 3. carbohydrates c. necessary for life processes 4. proteins d. include calcium 5. unsaturated fats e. build the body 6. minerals f. main source of energy Write your answers in your science journal. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

4. Good Nutrition Section 1 Objectives Identify the six groups of nutrients, and explain their importance to good health. Describe the Food Guide Pyramid. Understand how to read Nutrition Fact labels. Explain the dangers of various nutritional disorders. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. End of Slide

5. Good Nutrition Section 1 Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are your body’s main source of energy. A carbohydrate is a chemical composed of simple sugars. Protein Proteins are found in body fluids, muscle, bone, and skin. Proteins are nutrients used to build and repair your body. Fats Fats are energy-storage nutrients. Fats are needed to store and transport vitamins, produce hormones, keep skin healthy, and provide insulation. Nutrients End of Slide

6. Good Nutrition Section 1 Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Water You cannot survive for more than a few days without water. Your body is about 70% water. Water is in every cell of your body. Minerals Minerals are elements that are essential for good health. You need six minerals in large amounts: calcium, chloride, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, and sodium. Vitamins Vitamins are compounds that control many body functions. Only vitamin D can be made by the body, so you have to get most vitamins from food. Nutrients continued End of Slide

7. Good Nutrition Section 1 Eating For Good Health The Food Guide Pyramid The Food Guide Pyramid, shown on the next slide, can help you make good food choices. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. End of Slide

8. The Food Guide Pyramid Section 1 Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

9. Good Nutrition Section 1 Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Getting the Facts Packaged foods must have Nutrition Facts labels. A sample Nutrition Facts label is shown on the slide after next. Reading Food Labels End of Slide

10. Nutrition Facts Label Section 1 Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

11. Good Nutrition Section 1 Nutritional Disorders Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by self- starvation and an intense fear of gaining weight. Bulimia nervosa is a disorder characterized by binge eating followed by induced vomiting. Obesity Obesity is having an extremely high percentage of body fat. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. End of Slide

12. Risks of Alcohol and Other Drugs Section 2 Bellringer Do you think that drugs are good or bad for you? What are some dangerous drugs you know about, and what makes them dangerous? Are there ever any positive uses for dangerous drugs? Are there any dangers involved with using “good” drugs, such as antibiotics or other medicines? Explain your thoughts in your science journal. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

13. Risks of Alcohol and Other Drugs Section 2 Objectives Describe the difference between psychological and physical dependence. Explain the hazards of tobacco, alcohol, and illegal drugs. Distinguish between the positive and negative uses of drugs. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. End of Slide

14. Risks of Alcohol and Other Drugs Section 2 What Is a Drug? Many Things Are Drugs Any chemical substance that causes a physical or psychological change is called a drug. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Loss of Control The body can form a dependence, or need, for a drug. Addiction is the loss of control of drug- taking behavior. Once addicted, a person finds it very hard to stop taking a drug. Dependence and Addiction End of Slide

15. Risks of Alcohol and Other Drugs Section 2 Types of Drugs Herbal Medicines The FDA does not regulate herbal medicines and cannot guarantee their safety. Over-the-Counter and Prescription Drugs Over-the- counter drugs can be bought without a prescription. Prescription drugs can only be bought with a doctor’s permission. Tobacco Nicotine is a chemical in tobacco that increases heart rate and blood pressure and is extremely addictive. Alcohol Alcohol slows down the central nervous system and can cause memory loss. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. End of Slide

16. Risks of Alcohol and Other Drugs Section 2 Types of Drugs continued Marijuana Marijuana is an illegal drug that comes from the Indian hemp plant. Cocaine Cocaine and crack are illegal, extremely dangerous, and highly addictive. Narcotics and Designer Drugs Drugs made from the opium plant are called narcotics. Narcotics are illegal unless prescribed by a doctor. Hallucinogens Hallucinogens distort the senses and cause mood changes. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. End of Slide

17. Risks of Alcohol and Other Drugs Section 2 Drug Abuse How Drug Abuse Starts Nicotine, alcohol, and marijuana are sometimes called gateway drugs because they are often the first drugs a person abuses. Getting Off Drugs The first step to quitting drugs is to admit to abusing drugs and to decide to stop. It is important for the addicted person to get the proper medical treatment. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. End of Slide

18. Healthy Habits Section 3 Bellringer In the 1800s and earlier, people who got minor cuts on their skin often ended up with serious infections. Today, serious infections rarely result from minor injuries. Write down any ideas you have about why this may be. Can you think of any new health problems that affect people today but were not around in the 1800s? What do you think has caused this change? Write your answers in your science journal. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

19. Healthy Habits Section 3 Objectives Describe three important aspects of good hygiene. Explain why exercise and sleep are important to good health. Describe methods of handling stress. List three ways to stay safe at home, on the road, and outdoors. Plan what you would do in the case of an accident. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. End of Slide

20. Healthy Habits Section 3 Taking Care of Your Body Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Good Posture Good posture helps you look and feel your best. Bad posture strains your muscles and ligaments and makes breathing difficult. Exercise Aerobic exercise at least three times a week is essential to good health. Aerobic exercise is vigorous, constant exercise for 20 minutes or more. Sleep At night, the body goes through several cycles of progressively deeper sleep. If you do not sleep long enough, you will not enter the most restful period of sleep. End of Slide

21. Healthy Habits Section 3 Coping with Stress Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. What Is Stress? Stress is the physical and mental response to pressure. Dealing with Stress Share your problems. Make a list of all the things you would like to get done, and rank the things in order of importance. Exercise regularly, and get enough sleep. Pet a friendly animal. Spend some quiet time alone. End of Slide

22. Healthy Habits Section 3 Injury Prevention Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Safety Outdoors Dress appropriately and stay alert of your surroundings outdoors. Also, always do outdoor activities in pairs. Safety at Home Use common sense at home. Keep the house clean. Have emergency plans. Safety on the Road In the car, always wear a seat belt, even if you are traveling only a short distance. Safety in Class To avoid hurting yourself and others, always follow your teacher’s instructions. End of Slide

23. Healthy Habits Section 3 When Accidents Happen Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Call for Help Once you’ve checked for other dangers, call for medical help immediately. Learn First Aid If you want to learn more about what to do in an emergency, you can take a first-aid or CPR course. End of Slide

24. Staying Healthy Chapter 28 Concept Map Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Use the following terms to complete the concept map on the next slide: narcotics, minerals, saturated fat, nicotine, tobacco, vitamins.

25. Concept Map Chapter 28 Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

26. Concept Map Chapter 28 Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.