2. Europe is divided into four parts: West Europe East Europe South Europe Central Europe. There are a lot of countries in Europe. Some of them are very small.

3. San Marino is a country of South Europe, surrounded by the territory of Italy all over. The name comes from the name of the saint, who founded the country. The total area of it is 61 sq km.

4. San Marino is a country with subtropical climate. The average temperature of summer is +18°C, in winter it is +4°C. the rainfalls are mainly in winter, 800- 900 mm a year. In the forests of this zone you can find oaks and chestnut – trees. The animal world is poor here, but there are many birds.

5. San Marino is a republic. The state language is Italian. The population of the country is 27 thousand people.

6. Malta is a small country in the Mediterranean Sea. Its name comes from the Phoenician word malat meaning the harbour. It is situated on some islands and is washed by the sea from around. The total area of the country is 316 sq km.

7. The climate here is dry and sunny in summer and warm in winter with a lot of rains. The average temperature here is +25°C +30°C. the vegetation in Malta is not rich with only pines and cactuses growing on the islands. Animal world is also not very rich, but there are a lot of birds. Waters of Malta is full of fish.

8. Malta is the Parliament Republic. The head of the government is the president, who is elected for five years. The official language of the country is English. The population is 395 thousand people. The capital is Valetta.

9. Andorra is a county, which lies in Pyrenees. It borders on France in the east and north and on Spain in the west and south and has no way out to the sea. The name of the country comes from the word andurrial, which means cavity. The total area of the country is 468 sq km. The capital of the country is Andorra la Velia.

10. The climate in Andorra is subtropical. The average t° is +9°C. the amount of rainfalls is 1000-2000 mm a year. The vegetation here is rather rich. Many oaks, maples, chestnut-trees, pines and fur-trees grow here. Such animals as antelopes, different rodents and many kinds of birds can also be found here. In the mountains there are Alpine meadows.

11. Luxemburg is a country in West Europe. Its name comes from the German word lucilinburch meaning a small town. Its area is 2 586 sq km. It is the constitutional monarchy. The head of the country is the Great Earl of Luxemburg. State languages are French and German.

12. The climate here is temperate. The average t° in January is 0°C, in July - +21°C. Burches, pines, oaks, fur-trees and beeches grow here. Animal world is not very rich. You can find deer, hares, squirrels and many birds in the forests of the country.

13. Liechtenstein is a Constitutional Monarchy, which is situated in Central Europe. It borders on Austria in the east and on Sweden in the south, west and north. The name of the country comes from the ruling dynasty. The area of it is 160 sq km. The state language is German here.

14. The climate here is temperate. The average t° of January is -1°C. In June it is +21°C. There are a lot of forests in the country. Fur-trees, beeches and oaks grow in them. Deer, foxes, beavers live there. The forests are full of different kinds of birds too. The capital of the country is Vaduz.

15. Monaco is a state in the south of Europe. The name of the country comes from an ancient Greek word monoicos meaning a hermit. The area of the country is 1.95 thousand km. It borders on France in the east and west. In the south it is washed by the Mediterranean Sea.

16. The climate in Monaco is mediterranean with mild wet winter and dry hot summer. Animal and vegetation life is rather poor here.

17. The country is The Constitution Monarchy. The population of it is 32 thousand people. The state language is French.

18. The capital of the country is Monaco. The population of the city is less than 3 thousand people. The city looks like that of the Medieval times.

19. Vatican is a state-city in the western part of the capital of Italy – Rome. The whole territory is surrounded with a high wall. The name of the state comes from the Latin word vaticinia which means the place of. The area of it is 0. 44 sq km. the population is nearly 2,5 thousand people. The head of it is Pope. The state languages are Italian and Latin.