1. Cancer Facts -a growth of abnormal cells -grow and invade healthy tissue -2 nd leading cause of death in U.S -1/2 of all males in U.S develop cancer -1/3 of all females in U.S develop cancer -cancer cells outlive normal cells -develop because of damage to DNA -environmental -hereditary -Life-style Habits

2. Risk Factors 1. Environment- where you live or work may be a risk factor. a. bartender, landscaper, power lines 2. Heredity- if a parent passes on a mutated cell/DNA 3. Life-style- 75% of all cancer develop in our bodies because of the life we lead. a. Smoker, poor diet, lack of activity, excessive alcohol consumption, avoiding Dr./Dental visit, sun tanning, drug use

3. Tumors Are fast growing cells that group together Two types -Benign-a tumor that is not cancerous -can grow, possibly cut off blood supply to other organs -Malignant- a tumor that is cancerous -can grow and invade healthy tissue - DNA has mutated

4. Spread of Cancer Cancer spreads one of two ways Localized- the cancer has spread only to surrounding tissue Metastasized- the cancer cells have spread from the original spot to other locations in the body.

5. Causes of Cancer Carcinogen-something that causes cancer -tobacco -radiation -sun -alcohol

6. General Cancer Symptoms Unexplained weight loss Fever Fatigue Pain

7. Specific Cancer Symptoms C change in bowel/bladder habits A a sore that does not heal U unusual bleeding or discharge T thickening or lump in body (ex. Breast/testicle) I indigestion or difficulty in swallowing O obvious change in wart or mole N nagging cough or hoarseness7

8. Tests to determine cancer X-rays- will show up as abnormal black or grey mass Biopsy- use a needle to take a small sample of tumor, then test it Removal- take out tumor, then test it

9. Treatments for Cancer Surgery- remove lump/tumor. Used to treat localized cancers. Radiation- laser or seeds directed at the cancer. Used to treat localized cancers. Chemotherapy- Chemicals/pills that kill fast growing cells. Used for cancers that have metastasize.

10. Remission Period of time when cancer is responding to treatment or is under control. Partial Remission- cancer shrinks but does not completely disappear. Complete Remission- no sign of cancer for 3-5 years

11. Habits to reduce the chance of Cancer A. Good diet- high in fiber B. Do not smoke C. Physical activity everyday D. Do not abuse alcohol E. Avoid other drugs F. Get regular check ups from doctor and dentist G. Self-examinations- H. SPF- of 15 or higher

12. Types of Cancers Skin- faired skin people have a greater risk of developing skin cancer. Usually caused by exposure to the sun Lung- # 1 cause of cancer deaths. Smoking is # 1 reason for lung cancer; 85% of all lung cancer is a result from smoking. Lymphoma (Hodgkin)- affects the lymph system. Weakens immune system. Colon and Rectal- poor diet, high in fat, animal protein, and low in fiber. Leukemia- affects blood cells, abnormal WBC interferes with production of healthily blood cells. Breast, cervix, uterus, ovarian, prostrate-