1. Week 8: Journalism 2001 October 27, 2008

2. What’s misspelled? 1. snowmobilers 2. designated 3. snowmobling

3. Lauren the Editor!

4. Mary the Traveling Editor!

7. Announcements Election coverage: Election coverage: –Will email information

8. Announcements ????? ?????

10. Review of last week’s news Hard News: Hard News: (murders, city council, government, etc.) –Major local stories –Major national/international stories –Major sports stories Soft News: Soft News: (retirements, school programs, human interest) –Local stories –National/international stories –Sports stories

11. Upcoming stories Hard News 2 Reporting Assignment Hard News 2 Reporting Assignment –Final article was due: October 23 –Tonight will edit classmate’s story, return feedback –Rewrite/edit stories in class, will be put up on class weblog Sports Reporting Assignment Sports Reporting Assignment –Final article due: Thursday, November 6 –Any problems? Community Journalism reporting assignment Community Journalism reporting assignment –Story pitch due: October 29 –Final article due: November 17 Feature Story Assignment: Will discuss next week Feature Story Assignment: Will discuss next week –Story pitch due: November 10 –First draft due: November 24 –Final article due: December 8

12. Community Journalism Reporting Assignment Story Pitch Due: Wednesday, October 29 Story Pitch Due: Wednesday, October 29 –No more than three paragraphs, 200 words –Include 5Ws and H –Email to: lkragnes@d.umn.edu lkragnes@d.umn.edu Go out into an area of Duluth, report on a topic of interest in that area Go out into an area of Duluth, report on a topic of interest in that area –Divide the city into zones: Each reporter picks a neighborhood to cover  Graffiti Graveyard: Ashley  Canal Park: Kate, Nick  Central Hillside: Gram  Chester Park/UMD: Kjestine, Pat  Congdon Park  Cotton: Betsy  Downtown/Central Business District: Mary  Duluth Heights: Lauren  East Hillside/Endion  Kenwood: Dane  Lakeside/Lester Park: Joli  Lincoln Park/West End  Park Point  Piedmont Heights  West Duluth  Woodland: Tessa Final story due: November 17 Final story due: November 17

13. I'm not from Duluth and I've been researching Woodland for my community story for a couple days on Duluth News tribune to try and get an idea of what issues have come out of that community recently. All I know is that it has a really really cold ice rink. I went on the city web site to try and get an idea of where it is and I know its in district 8, but the agenda and minutes for the district meetings haven't been updated for about a year. I'll try going to the Woodland Recreation Center after spring break, I wasn't able to make it out there because of midterms and papers due this week. I just wanted to let you know I'm not blowing off the assignment, I'm just having trouble.

14. As of right now I don't have a definite topic for the community news story. However, I do have a few strategies that can help me come up with a topic. My target area is the Chester Park/UMD community, so there is a good chance that my story will focus on the school or its students. Because of this, I'm going to have to keep my ears open around school for interesting events or stories occurring in the community Another strategy of mine involves reading through the Duluth News Tribune and The Statesman for community events. Since I'll be gone for a week over spring break, I plan on checking the Duluth News Tribune Web site daily for news relating to the school or Chester Park area that would be an interesting topic. UMD's Web site also has a number of links about community events, so I'll take a look at those to see if there is anything that could be used as a topic for this article. After I come up with a topic I'll probably have to go around campus and Chester Park area to interview people for my article, so I'll also have to come up with some questions.

15. Community story ideas Spring 2008 Class Weblog: http://blog.lib.umn.edu/lkragnes/jour2001 spring2008/community_journalism/ http://blog.lib.umn.edu/lkragnes/jour2001 spring2008/community_journalism/ Fall 2007 Class Weblog: http://blog.lib.umn.edu/lkragnes/jour2001 fall2007/community_journalism/ http://blog.lib.umn.edu/lkragnes/jour2001 fall2007/community_journalism/

17. Chapter 18: News Releases What is a news release? What is a news release? –Announcements  New line of products  Events  Promotions  Public service announcements –Cause-promoting  Fundraising  Volunteers –Image-building  Politicians  Corporations

18. Evaluating news releases Does it have news value? Does it have news value? –Local, regional or national Is it trying to gain free publicity? Is it trying to gain free publicity? Is it worth following up? Is it worth following up? –Story and/or photograph Can it be trusted? Can it be trusted?

19. What is Public Relations? Promoting an organization, institution or corporation Promoting an organization, institution or corporation UMD Communicators Council UMD Communicators Council UMD Communicators Council UMD Communicators Council –University Relations University RelationsUniversity Relations –Natural Resources Research Institute Natural Resources Research InstituteNatural Resources Research Institute –Minnesota Sea Grant Minnesota Sea GrantMinnesota Sea Grant

20. Which releases will be used? No set formula No set formula –Interests of reporters, editors –How many people affected Usually rewritten Usually rewritten –Eliminate “fluff:” self-serving, promotional info –Embarrassing if two media use exact same wording –Often raise additional questions

21. Emailed releases www.eReleases.com www.eReleases.com www.eReleases.com –How to write a press release How to write a press releaseHow to write a press release  Concise  Well-written  Factual  Honest  Timely

22. Using news releases Boiling down a handout Boiling down a handout –Determine 5Ws and H –Find the lead –Eliminate fluff –Avoid free ads –Determining local news value

23. How to write a news release Avoiding hype Avoiding hype Avoiding jargon Avoiding jargon Structure of a release Structure of a release  Contact information  For Immediate Release  Dateline  Headline  Lead, inverted pyramid style copy  Quotes  Boilerplate paragraph

24. Handouts Wise Words from PR Week Career Guide Wise Words from PR Week Career Guide Journalism can be a deadly profession Journalism can be a deadly profession Is there a “right” way to report horrific news? Is there a “right” way to report horrific news? –Column by Nancy Barnes, Editor –Minneapolis Star Tribune

25. Chapter 16: Broadcast Writing Radio Station Organizational Chart Radio Station Organizational Chart

26. Television station organizational chart Television station organizational chart

27. Local television stations KBJR/KDLH KBJR/KDLH –http://www.kbjr.com/ http://www.kbjr.com/  Joel Runck story WDIO WDIO –http://www.wdio.com/ http://www.wdio.com/ Successful alumni/students - Amy Rutledge Amy RutledgeAmy Rutledge

28. WDIO-TV Tour

40. Dan Rather Dan Rather stepped down as anchor and managing editor of the CBS Evening News March 2005, 24 years after his first broadcast in that position. His last broadcast as anchor was March 9, 2005, the 24th anniversary of when he assumed the position from Walter Cronkite. Dan Rather stepped down as anchor and managing editor of the CBS Evening News March 2005, 24 years after his first broadcast in that position. His last broadcast as anchor was March 9, 2005, the 24th anniversary of when he assumed the position from Walter Cronkite.

41. Rather’s impact on television news

42. Who replaced Dan Rather as the permanent CBS anchor? 1. Peter Jennings 2. Katie Couric 3. Sam Donaldson

43. Broadcast Style Numbers Numbers –Simplify complicated numbers: approximately, more than, about, almost –Vary wording to help announcer, listener –Spell out numbers under 12 –Use a hyphenated combination of numerals and words to express thousands –Use round numbers:  $2,001,894.46: slightly more than two million dollars

44. Broadcast writing websites Newswriting for Radio: Newswriting for Radio: –http://www.newscript.com/ http://www.newscript.com/ Writing for Broadcast: Writing for Broadcast: –http://www.udel.edu/UDWI/other/writing_for_broadc ast.html http://www.udel.edu/UDWI/other/writing_for_broadc ast.htmlhttp://www.udel.edu/UDWI/other/writing_for_broadc ast.html National Association of Broadcasters National Association of Broadcasters –http://www.nab.org/ http://www.nab.org/ Radio-Television News Directors Association & Foundation Radio-Television News Directors Association & Foundation –http://www.rtndf.org/ http://www.rtndf.org/

45. Checklist for broadcast writers Write the way you talk Write the way you talk Write simply Write simply Use short words and short sentences Use short words and short sentences Use active verbs and sentences Use active verbs and sentences When in doubt, leave it out When in doubt, leave it out Don’t raise questions you don’t answer Don’t raise questions you don’t answer Put attribution before quote Put attribution before quote

46. Writing for radio “Wrap” “Wrap” –Reporter wraps words or sentences around one or more major soundbites –Also called a donut, with news story around the “hole” where the story is placed Blind lead-in Blind lead-in  Introduces a taped excerpt from a news source  Does not signal that a soundbite follows Wrap-up Wrap-up –Signals end of story

47. Broadcast journalism checklist Understand technology Understand technology Learn to perform Learn to perform Keep soundbites short and frame them appropriately Keep soundbites short and frame them appropriately Emphasize the last sentence of a story Emphasize the last sentence of a story Approach television as a unique medium Approach television as a unique medium –Learn to think visually –Make sure that the words match the pictures Approach radio as a unique medium Approach radio as a unique medium –Strong appeal to the imagination

48. Broadcast newswriting characteristics Immediacy Immediacy –Use present tense as much as possible –Avoid yesterday’s story; update yesterday’s story Conversational style Conversational style –Write the way you talk Tight phrasing Tight phrasing –Conversational style without being wordy Clarity Clarity –Write simply, OK to repeat words

49. Radio websites Live radio broadcasts from around the world Live radio broadcasts from around the world –http://www.broadcast- live.com/radionews.html http://www.broadcast- live.com/radionews.htmlhttp://www.broadcast- live.com/radionews.html KDAL KDAL –http://www.kdal.am/ http://www.kdal.am/

50. Do I stop him? “Do I stop him?” Reporter's arresting question is news “Do I stop him?” Reporter's arresting question is news –A TV team chases a story to the finish. Was there a confusion of roles? “Film at 6.” –http://journalism.indiana.edu/resources/ethics /aiding-law-enforcement/do-i-stop-him/ http://journalism.indiana.edu/resources/ethics /aiding-law-enforcement/do-i-stop-him/http://journalism.indiana.edu/resources/ethics /aiding-law-enforcement/do-i-stop-him/ What would you do?

51. Chapter 17: Multimedia Journalism Storytelling on the Web Storytelling on the Web –Print, broadcast journalists inevitably online journalists –Internet explosion: 7 out of 10 surf in 2005  Established in 1969 by Department of Defense (not Al Gore) –Shovelware: text, photos, audio, video from other sources

52. What’s the difference from print? Multimedia stories: Multimedia stories: –Linear or nonlinear –Unlimited background, space –Less formal – snappy, conversational, edgy –More active with searchable databases, blogs, games, polls, surveys, quizzes, etc. –Needs to be constantly updated

53. Multimedia story structure Inverted pyramid Inverted pyramid Linear stories best on scrolling pages Linear stories best on scrolling pages Screen-size chunks for nonlinear stories Screen-size chunks for nonlinear stories –Readers rule: Each chunk independent National Geographic: http://plasma.nationalgeographic.com/pearl harbor/ http://plasma.nationalgeographic.com/pearl harbor/

54. To link or not to link To link or not to link –What do you think? Story summaries: a type of link Story summaries: a type of link Sidebars, information boxes Sidebars, information boxes

55. Slide Shows (Photo Galleries) Take readers behind scenes Take readers behind scenes Washington Post’s Camera Works Washington Post’s Camera Works –http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp- srv/photo http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp- srv/photohttp://www.washingtonpost.com/wp- srv/photo Duluth News-Tribune Duluth News-Tribune –Editors told to put stories on web first –http://www.duluthnewstribune.com/ http://www.duluthnewstribune.com/ Tips for cutlines: Tips for cutlines: –Good ol’ 5Ws and maybe H

56. Multimedia Storytelling on the Web Seven steps to success Seven steps to success –Find a fresh idea –Focus your topic –Plan and research –Sketch a storyboard –Report, interview, observe –Edit and revise –Test and troubleshoot

57. Your future as a Multimedia Journalist The Backpack Journalist The Backpack Journalist –Write, shoot and record What skills do you need? What skills do you need? –Strong writing –Use digital still camera, video camera, audio recorder –Edit photos, videos, html Global, yet personal Global, yet personal –How does it affect your readers? The Bottom Line: Sky’s the limit The Bottom Line: Sky’s the limit –May the force be with you……

58. Chapter 11: Computer-Assisted Reporting and Research Traditional journalism skills: Traditional journalism skills: –Good interviewing –Accurate note-taking –Organization and fast writing New journalism skills: New journalism skills: –Searching the Internet –Using email, chat programs for collaboration, interviews –Building computer spreadsheets –Using online databases –Laptop computers –Cell phones –Wireless internet –Digital cameras

59. Precision Journalism Precision Journalism, book by Philip Meyer Precision Journalism, book by Philip Meyer –Among the first journalists to experiment with social science tools of public opinion surveys, statistical analysis to examine social problems of the 1960s –Desktop computer revolution of 1980s led to journalism specialty –Today, evolved into computer-assisted reporting, or CAR

60. Stories by CAR specialists Criminal justice sentencing patterns Criminal justice sentencing patterns Election campaign contributions Election campaign contributions Election results Election results Tax roll studies Tax roll studies School test scores School test scores Residential segregation Residential segregation

61. Local examples of CAR stories Hospital deaths in state Hospital deaths in state Housing values drop Housing values drop Nursing home abuses Nursing home abuses Rip tide currents Rip tide currents State budget analysis State budget analysis

62. Online research Newspaper archives, commercial databases Newspaper archives, commercial databases –Duluth News-Tribune Using the Internet Using the Internet –Email –Listservs –Newsgroups –Chat –World Wide Web

63. E-mail What an email account means What an email account means –lkragnes@d.umn.edu lkragnes@d.umn.edu  Name: lucy kragness  @: at  Host computer: Duluth University of Minnesota  Type of host computer: education Types of host computer: Types of host computer:  edu: educational institution  org: nonprofit organization  gov: government  com: commercial  net: network  mil: military

64. Listservs Virtual community of people linked together by some common interest Virtual community of people linked together by some common interest –NICAR-L list: National Institute of Computer-Assisted Reporting at the University of Missouri “One to many” communication “One to many” communication Emails sent to all members of the listserv Emails sent to all members of the listserv Most open to anyone, some are moderated Most open to anyone, some are moderated –NAPANET Typically, 15 percent actively post messages, others are “lurkers” Typically, 15 percent actively post messages, others are “lurkers”

65. Where to find listservs Tile.net: www.tile.net Tile.net: www.tile.netwww.tile.net Profnet: www.profnet.com Profnet: www.profnet.comwww.profnet.com ‘zines: Use a search engine such as Google ‘zines: Use a search engine such as Google Save instruction email when sign on to a listserv Save instruction email when sign on to a listserv Find a listserv to possibly join…..

66. Newsgroups Post messages to a newsgroup area Post messages to a newsgroup area –An electronic bulletin board Messages posted publicly Messages posted publicly Like listservs, good source of story ideas Like listservs, good source of story ideas Google Groups: groups.google.com Google Groups: groups.google.com Online Forum Online Forum –Similar to newsgroups, but open to members of a specific service

67. Chat Online chat areas are real-time typed “conversations” Online chat areas are real-time typed “conversations” Chat room Chat room –Can be waste of time unless active area –Major websites host chat sessions with prominent people Find chat rooms at: Find chat rooms at: –ICQ (I seek you): www.searchirc.com www.s –Yahoo: chat.yahoo.com

68. World Wide Web Began in late 1960s as U.S. military project Began in late 1960s as U.S. military project For 20 years, used by computer engineers, research scientists, government contractors For 20 years, used by computer engineers, research scientists, government contractors –Problem: Mastery of often cryptic commands Gopher: Early way to navigate the web Gopher: Early way to navigate the web Hyper-text system developed in 1989 by Tim Berner-Lee, a Swiss physicist Hyper-text system developed in 1989 by Tim Berner-Lee, a Swiss physicist By 1994, WWW began to eclipse Gopher By 1994, WWW began to eclipse Gopher

69. Why did the Web grow? Hypertext markup language (HTML) coding and web browser software meant that Web pages could be created that incorporate text, images, sound files Hypertext markup language (HTML) coding and web browser software meant that Web pages could be created that incorporate text, images, sound files Web pages designed to easily link to other pages Web pages designed to easily link to other pages Web pages could be interactive Web pages could be interactive

70. Useful information Government websites Government websites –Securities and Exchange Commission: www.sec.gov www.sec.gov  Annual reports, etc., about publicly owned comptanies –U.S. Census Bureau: www.census.gov www.census.gov  Population statistics –White House: www.whitehouse.gov www.whitehouse.gov –Minnesota Legislature: http://www.leg.state.mn.us/ Companies Companies –Often find a company: www.companyname.com www.companyname.com  Duluth.com

71. Associations Associations –Greenpeace: www.greenpeace.org www.greenpeace.org –Amnesty International: www.amnesty.org www.amnesty.org –World Health Organization: www.who.org www.who.org Reference Works Reference Works –UMD Library –Information Please almanac: www.infoplease.com www.infoplease.com –Merriam-Webster dictionary, thesaurus  www.m-w.com/dictionary.htm www.m-w.com/dictionary.htm

72. Search tool categories Directories: organized by subject Directories: organized by subject –Yahoo: www.yahoo.com www.yahoo.com –Health Finder: www.healthfinder.gov www.healthfinder.gov Spiders/Robots: Roam the Web, index words Spiders/Robots: Roam the Web, index words –Google: www.google.com www.google.com –AltaVista: www.altavista.com www.altavista.com –HotBot: www.hotbot.lycos.com www.hotbot.lycos.com

73. “Shaft” search sites: Like spiders, but only goes to certain selected Web sites “Shaft” search sites: Like spiders, but only goes to certain selected Web sites –TotalNews searches news sites: www.totalnews.com www.totalnews.com –Medical World Search: www.mwsearch.com www.mwsearch.com –Euroseek: www.euroseek.com www.euroseek.com Metasearch databases: multiple search engines Metasearch databases: multiple search engines –Dogpile: www.dogpile.com www.dogpile.com –Metacrawler: www.metacrawler www.metacrawler Scouting reports: Evaluated, annotated by scouts Scouting reports: Evaluated, annotated by scouts –Poynter Institute for Media Studies –FindLaw: www.findlaw.org www.findlaw.org Web Rings: www.webring.com Web Rings: www.webring.comwww.webring.com Guessing: Guessing: –Let’s find: White House, Burger King, Mayo Clinic, St. Scholastica

74. Checklist when looking at websites Authority Authority –Who sponsors page? Link to goals? Accuracy Accuracy –Sources listed so they can be verified –Free of grammatical, spelling errors Objectivity Objectivity –Check if biases clearly stated Timeliness Timeliness –Look for dates showing when page was written Coverage Coverage –Is the page complete or under construction?

75. Ways to use website information Story ideas: identify trends, interest of readers Story ideas: identify trends, interest of readers Use as background information Use as background information –When have new story assignment, search the web for similar stories, ideas –Find sources on a particular topic Make sure the website is legitimate Make sure the website is legitimate Never attribute by writing “according to the Internet” Never attribute by writing “according to the Internet”

78. Out-of-Class Assignments Due Today Dan Rather Assignment Dan Rather Assignment North Carolina survey story North Carolina survey story

79. Next week’s assignment Computer Assisted Reporting worksheet Computer Assisted Reporting worksheet Due: November 3 Due: November 3

80. In-class Assignment: Due today Editing classmate story Editing classmate story –Make changes, give to reporter –Editing form returned to me: Worth 5 points Rewrite Hard News 2 stories Rewrite Hard News 2 stories –Using all of the editing suggestions, rewrite/edit your story –Email final copy by TUESDAY to: lkragnes@d.umn.edu lkragnes@d.umn.edu  Worth 5 points –Stories will be posted on class weblog:  http://blog.lib.umn.edu/lkragnes/jour2001fall 2008/ http://blog.lib.umn.edu/lkragnes/jour2001fall 2008/ http://blog.lib.umn.edu/lkragnes/jour2001fall 2008/

81. Hard News 2 Review Overall strong stories Overall strong stories Remember to focus on news: What happened, not how Remember to focus on news: What happened, not how –Avoid chronology! –Ask yourself “what happened” –How you would explain what happened to friend Attribution strongest after quote Attribution strongest after quote Keep graphs to 2-3 sentences max Keep graphs to 2-3 sentences max Need background information Need background information –If idea mentioned in lead, needs to be included in story Direct quotes bring story to life Direct quotes bring story to life –Trust your notes! Need first names for sources Need first names for sources Watch the use of acronyms Watch the use of acronyms

82. City council members voted Monday to keep the “Minnehaha” window in Duluth, and off the market. The Duluth City Council members changed their minds last Monday about the salfe of the Minnehaha window after learning that it was not worth as much as originally thought. The Duluth City Council voted against selling Park Point land and the Minnehaha stained glass window at their meeting on Monday.

83. Tips for rewrites Let’s look up titles: Let’s look up titles: –Mary Evans, Daughters of the American Revolution –Penny Clark, Duluth Heritage ??? –David Ross, Duluth chamber? –Carolyn Sundquist, Duluth Heritage? Use background information Use background information Add quotes Add quotes

84. Egradebook Doublecheck assignments correct in egradebook: Doublecheck assignments correct in egradebook: –http://www.d.umn.edu/egradebook http://www.d.umn.edu/egradebook

85. Portfolio Store academic information on your Electronic Portfolio. Each student has 100 mb of storage. Store academic information on your Electronic Portfolio. Each student has 100 mb of storage. Access Electronic Portfolio at: https://portfolio.umn.edu/portfolio/index.j sp Access Electronic Portfolio at: https://portfolio.umn.edu/portfolio/index.j sp https://portfolio.umn.edu/portfolio/index.j sp https://portfolio.umn.edu/portfolio/index.j sp