1. Animals
KINGDOM ANIMALIA

2. What are Animals? Body symmetry Radial Symmetry: Bilateral Symmetry:
Animals are:
heterotrophic (Can’t make food) Eukaryotic (nucleus) multicellular (Many cells)
lack cell walls.
Invertebrates (do not have backbone)=90%
EX: flatworms, insects vertebrates (have a backbone)=10%
Ex:snakes, birds, humans
Body symmetry
Asymmetrical: no symmetry
Radial Symmetry:
Can be divided into equal halves using many planes
Bilateral Symmetry:
Can be divided into equal halves using only one plane

3. 1. Feeding: Herbivore Carnivore Omnivore Detritivore Parasite
Filter Feeders = aquatic animals that strain food from water

4. Gastrovascular cavity True Digestive tract
digests and distributes nutrients and particles to all parts of the body. Usually only one opening.
True Digestive tract
Contain digestive organs with a mouth and anus

5. 2. Respiration: Take in O2 and give off CO2
Lungs, gills, through skin, simple diffusion

6. 3. Circulation: Very small animals rely on diffusion
Larger animals have circulatory system which include vessels

7. 3. Circulation: Open circulatory system Closed Circulatory System
pump blood into a hemocoel with the blood diffusing back to the circulatory system between cells.
Closed Circulatory System
Closed circulatory systems have the blood closed at all times.

8. 4. Excretion:
Primary waste product is ammonia, liquid waste filtered by the kidneys

9. 5. Response: Receptor cells = sound, light, external stimuli
Cephalization - an evolutionary trend, where nervous tissue, becomes concentrated toward the head portion of an organism

10. 6. Movement: Most animals are motile (can move)
Muscles usually work with a skeleton
Sessile: Cannot move

11. Inside body Endoskeleton Exoskeleton Support structure Outside body

12. 7. Reproduction:
Most vertebrates reproduce sexually= two parents needed for offspring.(UNIQUE, Meiosis) Most reproduce asexually:) offspring from 1 parent (IDENTICAL, Mitosis) Ex: Fission, budding, fragmentation

13. Other characteristics…
Coelomate - a fluid filled body cavity.
Acoelomate- lacks a fluid filled body cavity

14. Endotherm-
animal that generates heat to maintain its body temp.
Birds and mammals
Ectotherm
animal whose body temp varies with the temp of its surroundings
All animals except birds and mammals

15. Body Symmetry

16. Body plan: Asymmetrical Respiration, Circulation, & Excretion
Rely on movement of water through body to carry out body function.
Movement
Larva are motile
Adults are sessile
Reproduction
Sexually and asexually
Digestion
Choanocytes engulf food as water is pumped through the sponge body cavity. Filter Feeders!

17. Porifera
Sponges

18. corals
jellyfish
Cnidarians
Sea anemone
hydra
Sea pens

19. Cnidarians Body plan - Radial Symmetry;
Medusa and Polyp
Circulation – Use diffusion as their means of circulating materials through their bodies
Respiration and excretion - carried on by individual cells that obtain their oxygen directly from water
Movement – Use a hydrostatic skeleton to contract muscles.
Reproduction-
Sexual: external fertilization,
Asexual: budding by polyps.
Digestion - Carnivores that digest food in gastrovascular cavity.
Response- (write at bottom of paper)
Cnidocytes: stinging cells;
Nematocyst: poison filled darts.

21. Cnidarian link

23. Platyhelminthes
planarian
Flatworms
tapeworm
Marine flatworms

24. Platyhelminthes - FLATWORMS
Body plan: bilateral symmetry with body cavity
Respiration, circulation, excretion – diffusion;
use flame cells to remove WASTE from body.
Movement – use cilia and muscle cells
Reproduction –
Sexually: hermaphrodites
Asexually: Fission – split in half and grow missing parts
Digestion – gastrovascualr cavity
Response- (write at bottom of paper)
ganglia: group of nerves

25. Flatworm fencing

26. Nematoda - ROUNDWORMS Body plan – bilateral symmetry,
contain coelom
Respiration, Circulation and Excretion
- diffusion through skin
Movement – muscles extend length of body
Reproduction – sexual: internal fertilization
Digestion – Digestive tract with mouth and anus
Response - (write at bottom of paper)
ganglia: group of nerves

27. Trichinosis-causing worms
Filarial worms (Elephantitis)
Ascarid worms
Hookworms

28. Annelida Body plan – Bilateral symmetry, Respiration- some have gills;
segmented bodies with coelom
Respiration- some have gills;
others diffuse oxygen through skin
Excretion – digestive waste through anus;
other waste filtered through nephridia.
Circulation – Closed circulatory system
Movement – longitudinal and circular muscles
Reproduction – Sexually; both male and female with some hermaphrodites.
Digestion - True digestive tract with mouth, anus and digestive organs
Response –(write at bottom of paper)
brain or cerebral ganglion that usually resides in the head

29. Annelida
Sandworms
Bloodworms

30. Annelida
Leeches
earthworms

31. Groups of Mollusk Gastropods – snails & Slugs
Shell-less or single shelled mollusk that move using a foot located on the ventral side.

32. Groups of Mollusk Bivalves- clams & mussels
Have 2 shells that are held together by powerful muscles

33. Groups of Mollusk Cephalopods- octopus, squid, nautilus
Mollusk where the head is attached to a single foot.
The foot is divided into tentacles

34. Mollusca Body plan – Respiration – aquatic: gills;
bilateral: clams, snails, & slugs AND
radial: octopus & squid
soft bodied with internal or external shell
Respiration – aquatic: gills;
land: diffusion through mantle cavity
Circulation – Slow moving: open circulatory system;
fast moving: closed circulatory system
Excretion – through nephridia
Movement – snails: secrete mucus;
octopus, nautilus, squid: jet propulsion
Reproduction – sexual -- snails & bivalves external fertilization;
some are hermaphrodite: internal fertilization
Digestion – True digestive tract:
herbivores, carnivores, filter feeders, parasites.
Response – Cephalization: octopus and squid (write at bottom of paper)

35. Octopus opens jar

36. Arthropods Body plan – Bilateral with segmented bodies
Respiration – gills, lungs, tracheal tubes
Circulation- Open circulatory system
Excretion
Malpighian tubules: saclike organs that extract wastes from the blood and add them to the digestive system.
Movement- Muscles, jointed appendages, exoskeleton
Reproduction
internal or external fertilization;
some species undergo metamorphosis
Digestion – Complex organ systems;
herbivores, carnivores, omnivores, detritivores, parasites, and filter feeders
Response- Brains with well developed nervous system (write at bottom of paper)

37. Crustaceans – crabs, lobster, shrimp
Have two pairs of antennae
2 – 3 body sections
Chewing mouth parts called mandibles

38. Insects – beetles, cricket, centipede
Have jaws
One pair of antennae

39. Arachnids – Spiders, ticks, scorpions
Two body sections
Most have 4 walking legs

40. Echinoderms Body plan – radial with coelom Respiration Circulation
use simple gills and tube
Circulation
network of fluid-filled canals that function called a water vascular system
Excretion - no kidneys
use diffusion to rid their bodies of nitrogenous waste
solid waste through anus
Movement – endoskeleton
Tube feet which acts as a suction force
Reproduction – Sexual: external fertilization
Digestion
Tube feet grab food, push stomach out, secrete enzymes to digest food, and reabsorb food through mouth
Response
do not have brains
they have nerves running from the mouth into each arm or along the body (write at bottom of paper)

41. Echinodermata brittle stars Sea stars sea cucumbers Sand dollars
sea lilies
sea urchins

42. Chordata Body plan – bilateral Respiration – lungs, gills
With pharyngeal gill slits, tail, notochord, and dorsal hollow nerve cord.
Respiration – lungs, gills
Circulation – closed circulatory system
Excretion
filter waste through kidneys and excrete solid waste through anus
Movement
endoskeleton with many muscular connections
Reproduction – Sexual
Digestion – True digestive tract
Nervous
cephalization –
brain with nervous tissue

44. Sand Lance
Tunicates

45. Amphibians
Fish
Birds
Reptiles

46. Mammals!