1. Cylinder Deactivation
Ashish Patwal

2. Content Introduction Cylinder deactivation mechanism
Methods used for cyllinder deactivation
Advantages
Disadvantages
Key players using cylinder deactivation
Future trends
Conclusion
Bibliography

3. Introduction Reducing fuel consumption
Cutting emission of green house gases
Reduce pumping losses
Cylinders are shutdown during light load
8-25% reduction in fuel consumption

4. Introduction

5. Cylinder deactivation mechanism
Coolant temperature, vehicle speed, engine load parameters.
Disable inlet/exhaust valves, spark plug, fuel.
Disable after power stroke to have a gas spring.
Lifter Oil Manifold Assembly, solenoid control valves.

6. Methods used for cylinder deactivation
Lifter Pin Control Mechanism (General Motors
Variable Profile Cam shaft (Lotus Automotive System)
Active Valve Train Technology

7. Lifter Pin Control Mechanism
Components:
Electronic Control Module
Solenoid valves
Hydraulic subsytem
Lifter locking pin mechanism

9. Electronic Control Module
Measuring multiple instantaneous events
Control solenoid valve of the lifter pin mechanism
Dynamic response for coordinating the deactivation hardware with other engine control functions.
Dynamic response:solenoid plunger, hydraulic subsytem, lifter locking pin

10. Solenoid Valve operation

11. Solenoid valve operation
Control cylinder deactivation
Common port of the solenoid control valve connected to the locking pins inside the valve lifter
Common port
Engine oil pressure: deactivation
Engine sump: activation

12. Locking Pin Mechanism
Lost motion: engine oil pressure is applied spring based locking pins inside the lifter
Deactivation is done on the camshaft of the base circle.
Transition from v8 to v4 mode in one cycle.

13. Methods used in LPCM Cylinder bank control Individual cylinder control
Control type: control algo in ecm
Cylinder deactivation: engine firing order
even firing order
Cylinder mode: 2 cylinder deactivate at same time

14. Bank mode Both cylinder from each bank switched same time.
Two control valves required
Used in v engines, Boxer engines.
Switching window is half of the invidual cylinder mode.

15. Advantages Increased fuel efficiency (10-20%)
Decreased emissions from deactivated cylinders
Better breathing capability of the engine, thereby reducing power consumed in suction stroke.

16. Disadvantages Engine balancing. Increased cost of manufacturing
Overall increase in weight

17. Key Players
GENERAL MOTORS: uses displacement on demand system which is said to save fuel by 20%
HONDA: Is conducting research to incorporate cylinder deactivation with its patented VTECH engine
PORSHE and SUBARU: Uses lotus designed various cam plus which works almost similar to V-tech engine
Mercedes-Benz: optional on certain European market V-8s since 1998; U.S. market V-12 mileage improved by a claimed 20 percent in 2001 and 2002 model years. Technology retired (in U.S.) with 2003 arrival of turbocharged V-12 engines.
INA: German bearing and valve train specialist supplies switching lifters for DC’s 5.7L Hemi V-8 and GM’s 3.9L V-6.
Eaton Automotive: supplies a portion of the LOMAs and switching lifters for GM’s 5.3L V-8. Also developing valve deactivation systems for light- and heavy-duty European diesel engines.
Siemens-VDO Automotive: exploring cylinder deactivation for possible future use. Delphi Automotive: supplies a portion of the LOMAs and switching lifters for GM’s 5.3L V-8.
Ford Motor Company: has investigated cylinder deactivation but no applications planned for near future.
Nissan and Toyota: no near-term plans to implement cylinder deactivation.

18. Future Trends
Research is under progress for a new technology named as Active Valve Train Technology, which uses valve controls with high speed hydraulic actuators there by eliminating the use of Cam shaft.
Also a new technology called controlled auto ignition (CAI) which replaces the conventional spark plugs and fires at carefully timed moment to set the compressed charge of fuel alight.

19. Conclusion
The yell for a pollution free environment can be seen even now with developed countries the number of norms like EUROIII is there in the present world itself and the number of vehicles is increasing even under developed countries are planning to impose such norms Future world demands automobile which burn less fuel .Cylinder deactivation seems to be a good answer to this problem.

20. Bibliography Automotive Industries Ltd www.wikipedia.com
Research paper published by Quant Zheng , Delphi Motors
Society of Automobile Engineers (SAE) Technical papers