1. Geographic Regions of the World Physical and political characteristics

2. East Asia

3. Present-day countries China Japan North Korea South Korea Mongolia Taiwan

4. North and South Korea

5. What makes East Asia? Pacific Ocean in the east Port cities on the eastern coast Navigable Rivers Desert climate in the northwest Mixture of Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, Christianity and Shintoism

7. Southeast Asia

8. Present-day countries Vietnam Laos Cambodia Thailand Burma Malaysia

9. What makes Southeast Asia? Separated by mountains & rainforest from the rest of mainland Pacific & Indian Oceans Mixture of Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Islam Influenced by Indian and Chinese cultures

11. Southern Asia

12. Present-Day Countries India Pakistan Bangladesh Sri Lanka

13. What makes Southern Asia Cut off by Himalayas and Hindu Kush Dravidians—Aryans—Muslims Cyclical view of Hinduism and Buddhism until the Islamic incursions

15. Central Asia

16. Present-Day Countries Former Soviet Republics of Asia Afghanistan (NOT in the Middle East)

17. What makes Central Asia? Steppe and desert somewhat cut off from surrounding areas Origins of people of South Asia (Aryans) Almost all European and Turkic people were war-like Radical Islamic

19. Southwest Asia & Egypt (Middle East)

20. Present-day countries Anatolian Peninsula (Turkey) Levant: Israel, Palestine and Lebanon Arabian Peninsula Syria, Iraq, Iran Egypt NOT Afghanistan

21. What makes Southwest Asia? Desert climate Surrounded by warm-waterways Access to Mediterranean, Indian Ocean Defined by Islam (North Africa is extension) Origin of the 3 monotheistic religions (Judaism, Christianity and Islam)

23. North Africa

24. Present-day Countries Morocco Algeria Tunisia Libya Egypt

25. What makes North Africa? Sahara Desert Mediterranean Sea Extension of Arab Middle East, influenced by trans-Saharan trade and Islam

27. West Africa

28. Present-day countries Senegal & the Gambia Guniea Bissau & Guinea Sierra Leone & Liberia Cote’ D’Ivoire & Ghana Togo & Benin Nigeria Burkina Faso MAYBE: W. Sahara, Mauritania, Mali & Chad

29. What makes West Africa? Coastal rainforest Savannah Sahel and Steppe Traditionally African until Islam pushed in from the north and Christianity and westernization arrived in the 19 th century

31. Central Africa

32. Present-day countries Cameroon Democratic Republic of the Congo Republic of the Congo Equatorial Guinea Central African Republic Rwanda Burundi Chad (maybe) Angola (maybe)

33. What makes Central Africa? Congo basin, mostly rainforest, wet savannah Traditionally African with some Christian influence

35. East Africa

36. Present-day countries Kenya Uganda Tanzania

37. What makes East Africa? Indian Ocean Coastal trade Bantu/Arab/Indian-Islamic Most influenced by the I/O trade routes than European colonization Sunni Islam on coast and tribal (animistic) in the interior

39. Southern Africa

40. Present-day countries Namibia Botswana Zimbabwe Mozambique Swaziland Lesotho Republic of South Africa

41. What makes South Africa? South of C/E Africa Tribal religions, Islam, little Christianity from W. Europe

43. Western Europe

44. Present-day countries Ireland United Kingdom Norway Belgium Denmark Netherlands Luxemburg France Portugal and Spain Italy Switzerland NOT Germany or Austria

45. What makes Western Europe? West of the Rhine, Scandinavia and Italy Area most affected by the Roman Empire and RCC This is what “western” in culture refers to

47. Central Europe

48. Present-day countries Germany Austria Czech Republic Slovakia Hungary Serbia Albania Croatia Slovenia Macedonia Poland

49. What makes Central Europe? East of the Rhine as far as RCC influence extends Directly influenced by the Reformation, Counter-Reformation and the Enlightenment

51. Eastern Europe & Russia

52. Present-day countries Russia Romania Bulgaria Lithuania Estonia Latvia Belarus Ukraine Moldavia Caucus nations NO LONGER: Poland, Czech Republic, Hungary, Yugoslav nations

53. What makes Eastern Europe? Eastern extremities of central Europe across Eurasia to the Pacific Orthodox Christianity, some Islam, no direct influence of Reformation/Enlightenment but they have a secondary influence

55. Latin America and the Caribbean

56. Present-day countries All of the western hemisphere south of the United States

57. What makes Latin America & the Caribbean? North American and African cultures with heavy overlay of Spanish and Portuguese influences RCC and Iberian outlook

59. North America

60. Present-day countries United States Mexico

61. What makes North America? British/Western European cultures Enlightenment/Revolutionary attitude Exclusive Western European philosophy

63. Australia & Oceania (Polynesia)

64. What makes Australia & Oceania? Islands Mixture of cultures brought in through trade Widely disparate religious philosophy

66. Avoid pitfalls… “Southern Asia” “South Africa” “Central America” “Balkans” “Mediterranean States” “Afghanistan”