1. Unit 1.4 The Periodic Table

2. Bell Work Agenda Turn in Properties of Compounds WS Bell Work
Good Things
Videos
Periodic Table Coloring (NEED COLORED PENCILS)
Bell Work
Are properties of a compound the same as the elements in the compound? Why?
How Small is an Atom?

3. Introduction to the Periodic Table
How was the Periodic Table formed?-TED Talk Video
Work on the Periodic Table Coloring Assignment
You will be able to use your periodic table on all tests and quizzes
DO NOT WRITE ANYTHING ON YOUR PERIODIC TABLE UNLESS I ASK YOU TO

4. Developing the Periodic Table
Dmitri Mendeleyev wanted to organize the elements by similar properties
Reactivity: How easily an element will combine with other substances to form new compounds

5. Creating the Periodic Table
Organized elements of similar reactivity together
Organized elements that create similar compounds together
Placed lighter elements on the top, increased mass as you moved to the right and as you moved down

6. Periods vs. Groups Periods: Horizontal Rows Groups: Vertical Columns
Main group elements
Transition elements
Lanthanides
Actinides
Groups: Vertical Columns
1: Alkali Metals
2: Alkaline Earth Metals
3-12: Transition Metals
17: Halogens
18: Noble Gases

7. Valence Electrons Electrons in the outer orbital or “Shell” of an atom
These are the electrons that react to form bonds between elements
Elements want a “Full Valence Shell” which is 8
8 valence electrons = unreactive
Elements can gain and lose electrons to get to 0 or 8 valence electrons
A Tour of the Periodic Table Video

8. Periods Periods are numbers 1-6
This equals the number of orbitals for the electrons
Example:
Period 1 all have 1 orbital
Period 2 has 2
Period 3 has 3 orbitals

9. Groups
Groups can be numbered in 2 ways (1-18) and (1-8- this excludes the transition metals)
If we exclude the transition metals, then the period #= #valence electrons

10. Property Trends of the Periodic Table
At room Temperature, most elements are solid
Several are gases
Only a few are liquid

11. Property Trends of the Period Table
Metals: Most elements, on the left of the chart, conduct heat and electricity, shiny, malleable
Nonmetals: on the right of the chart, poor conductors
Metalloids: on the stair step, both metal and nonmetal properties

12. Property Trends of the Periodic Table
Reactivity:
Elements in the upper right explode with metals
Elements in the lower left explode with water
Elements in the middle are not very reactive
Noble Gases are very UNREACTIVE

13. Alkali Metals Alkali Metals in Water Videos
Group 1 (Li, Na, Rb, Cs, Fr)
1 Valence electron, wants 0 = VERY REACTIVE
Shiny, soft, highly reactive metals

14. Alkaline Earth Metals Less reactive than Alkali Metals
2 Valence Electrons
Shiny, silvery-white, soft
Mg, Be, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra

15. Halogens
F, Cl, Br, I, At
7 Valence Electrons = VERY REACTIVE

16. Noble Gases Unreactive Gases (Full valence shell, all 8 electrons)
He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn
Fluorescent