2. World War I 1914-1918

3. What was the status of these countries prior to WWI? Germany France Great Britain Austria-Hungary Russia Italy Unification Loss of Alsace Lorraine by Treaty of Frankfurt Fully industrialized Leading trading nation World’s banker Greatest naval power Largest colonial empire Lack of cultural unity Growing nationalism stirring unrest Expansionism War with Japan 1905 Sought recognition as a major power

4. Long Range Causes Nationalism Militarism Alliances Imperialism

5. Nationalism

7. Militarism Bertha von Suttner Nobel Peace Prize

8. Alliances Triple Alliance—1882 Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy Reinsurance Treaty—1887 Germany and Russia— neutrality guaranteed if either went to war 1890 Bismarck dismissed Treaty not renewed Russia looks for ally—1894 Franco-Russian Alliance Triple Entente 1907—Great Britain, France, Russia

9. Imperialism Fashoda Crisis—Sudan—Great Britain and France Moroccan Crisis—1905 and 1911—France and Germany Balkan Crises—1912-1913—Russia [Pan Slavism] supports expansion plans of Serbia

11. “Powder Keg” Pan Slavism Russia demoralized after defeat by Japan turns attention to Balkans 1 st Crisis –Bosnia annexed by Austria-Hungary –Italy takes Libya 1 st Balkan War –1908 Creation of Albania—Serbia loses access to Adriatic Sea 2 nd Balkan War –1913 Serbia’s attempt to gain Albania fails with German support for Austria-Hungary –Serbia frustrated and Russia humiliated

13. Immediate Cause Archduke Ferdinand assassinated in Sarajevo June 1914 Gavrilo Princip and the Black Hand

16. The Schlieffen Plan

17. German Atrocities in Belgium

18. Mobilization Home by Christmas No major war in 50 years Nationalism It’s a long way to Tipperary It’s a long way to go It’s a long way to Tipperary To the sweetest girl I know! Goodbye Piccadilly, Farewell, Leicester Square, It’s a long, long way to Tipperary, But my heart’s right there!

19. Recruitment Posters

23. Australia Propaganda

25. German Poster “Think of Your Children!”

27. Women and the War Effort Financing the War

28. Recruitment

29. Munitions Workers

30. French Factory Workers

31. German Factory Workers

32. Working in the Fields

33. Ambulance Driver

34. Red Cross Workers

37. Russian Women Soldiers

38. Multi-Front War

39. Western Front

40. Trench Warfare see Trench Warfare PPT Activity

41. No Man’s Land

43. Animated War http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/ww one/launch_ani_western_front.shtmlhttp://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/ww one/launch_ani_western_front.shtml

44. Battle of Verdun Longest and Bloodiest Battle 32,000,000. Estimated artillery shells fired in Battle of Verdun

46. e German offensive. e Each side had 500,000 casualties. e German offensive. e Each side had 500,000 casualties. Verdun—February 1916

47. e 60,000 British soldiers killed in one day. e Over 1,000,000 killed in 5 months. e 60,000 British soldiers killed in one day. e Over 1,000,000 killed in 5 months. The Somme, July, 1916

48. The Cost of War

53. The Eastern Front

54. The Gallipoli Disaster, 1915

55. Sikh British Soldiers in India

56. French colonial Marine infantry from China—fighting in Greece

57. Russia’s Role War revealed the ineptitude and arrogance of the country’s aristocratic elite Corrupt military leadership had contempt for ordinary Russian people Ill-trained, ineffective officers, poorly equipped –– the result was mass desertions and 2 million casualties by 1915

58. Battle of Tannenberg (August, 1914) – massive defeat at hands of Hindenburg and Germany Nicholas left for the Front—September, 1915

59. America slow to enter the War Neutrality Trade partners with England and France Lusitania sunk Zimmerman Telegram Unrestricted submarine warfare April 6, 1917—Congress declares war

60. May 7th 1915

61. Zimmerman Telegram

62. The Yanks Are Coming!!

63. Americans in the Trenches

64. New Technology Changes War

65. French Renault Tank

66. British Tank at Ypres

67. U-Boats

68. Allied ships sunk by U-boats

70. Flying Aces of World War I Eddie Rickenbacher, US Francesco Barraco, It. Rene Pauk Fonck, Fr. Manfred von Richtoffen, Ger. [The “Red Baron”] Willy Coppens de Holthust, Belg. Eddie “Mick” Mannoch, Br.

71. Curtis-Martin Aircraft Plant United States

72. Looking for the “Red Baron?”

73. The Zeppelin

74. Grenade Launchers Flame Throwers

75. Poison Gas Machine Gun

76. Art of World War I

77. 1918 Flue Pandemic: Depletes all Armies 50,000,000 – 100,000,000 died 50,000,000 – 100,000,000 died

79. Russians Exit War Treaty of Brest Litovsk March 3, 1918

80. Eleventh Day, Eleventh Hour, Eleventh Month— All is Quiet on the Western Front November 11, 1918

81. Human Costs of War 8,000,000... Estimated civilians killed in Great War: Non-influenza 8,300,000....... Estimated combatants killed, all nations 21,500,000.... Minimum deaths in 1918 Spanish Influenza Pandemic Note: Georgia’s population is approximately 9.5 million Atlanta’s population is approximately 500,000

82. Who was to blame for WWI? Austria- Hungary RussiaBritainFranceGermany

83. Effects of WWI Immediate Russian Revolution Destruction and loss of life Treaty of Versailles League of Nations Breakup of Austro- Hungarian Empire Mandates Long-Term German and Italian resentment of treaty US policy of isolationism Rise of fascism WWII