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Published byWhitney Tate Modified over 9 years ago
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Sixteenth Amendment legalizes graduated federal income tax Federal Reserve System — private banking system under federal control › Nation divided into 12 districts; central bank in each district (Atlanta has one)
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Military Size (Militarism) › Many powerful countries building up their armies, in case of war. Alliances › Countries agreeing to support others in case of war. › This is a major reason why the war escalated so quickly. Imperialism › European and Asian nations wanted to expand their influences around the world. Nationalism › Countries acting on their own self-interests.
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Austria-Hungry annexes Bosnia A group called the Black Hand wants to see Bosnia and Serbia join together. › Black Hand starts to plan the assassination of heir to the Austro- Hungarian throne Franz Ferdinand.
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July 28, 1914- Austria Hungary declares war on Serbia › Russia comes in as Serbia’s ally. › Germany declares war on Russia. › France enters as Russia’s ally. › Germany decides to wipe out France first, so they go through Belgium, which brings Britain into the war. Within one week all major European powers were involved in the war.
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Soldiers fight in trenches for days Area between trenches called “no- man’s land”
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Infection caused by cold and unsanitary conditions. Men stood in waterlogged trenches. Only treatment was to apply whale oil and dry feet as much as possible.
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British Howitzer Early Tank Red Baron Machine Gun
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British tank crossing a trenchPlane used in WWI U.S. Submarines USS South Carolina
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U-Boats U-Boats were German submarines used in naval warfare during WWI. U-boats sinks the Lusitania. › The sinking of this ship is ONE of the reasons the US gets involved in WWI.
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Zimmerman Note › Germany promises Mexico their lost lands such as Texas if they will fight the USA US declares war in April 1917 › Wilson wished for US to remain neutral, but the actions of the Zimmerman Note and the sinking of the Lusitania
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War comes to an end with in Nov. 1918 when an armistice (cease fire ) is finally ordered by the Allies. Fourteen Points- Wilson’s plan for post WWI peace in Europe. League of Nations- Wilson’s plan for an organization of nations to ensure world peace. › Said that an attack on one, was an attack on all. Versailles Treaty- Peace treaty signed with Germany to end the WWI. (U.S. did not sign)
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Selective Service Act- drafting of young men to the military to fight in WWI. Used a lottery to pick. Espionage Act- banned printed materials objecting to the war. Also enacted penalties for speaking out against the war, etc. $ or prison. Great Migration- Movement of large number of African Americans from the rural south to the industrial north to find jobs during the war. Red Scare- A wave of widespread fear of communist. › Palmer Raids- Police arrested thousands of suspected communist or immigrants.
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Well known SOCIALIST presidential candidate (Socialist Party) › Opposed US involvement in WWI › Thrown in jail for his opposition. › Disliked by Wilson
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18 th Amendment passed in October 1919 › Prohibition of alcohol Included production, consumption, and sales 19 th Amendment passed in May 1919. › Gives women the right to vote
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Sedition Acts Sedition Acts : speaking out against war- time government illegal. Demobilization: Demobilization: army standing down after fighting. › Soldiers coming back home
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Court case over the Espionage Act › Oliver Wendell Holmes, a socialist, was printing pamphlets telling young men to skip the draft. › US Supreme Court declares that Holmes presented a ‘Clear and Present danger” This means that even though Holmes had Freedom of Speech, what he said was a “clear and present danger” to the war-time government
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