2. A.Space Probes- a vehicle that carries scientific instruments to planets or other bodies in space. 1) The soviets were first to launch a probe.

3. B. Planetary exploration with space probes began with missions to the moon

4. 1) Luna 1 (Soviet)- 1 st space probes to fly pass the moon

5. 2) Pioneer 4 ( American)- probe to moon 2 months after Luna 1

6. C. The next targets of exploration were the inner planets: Venus, Mercury, and Mars

7. 1) Venera 9 ( soviet)- 1 st probe on Venus 1975

8. 2) Magellan (USA)- probe to Venus 1989- mapped the surface of Venus

9. 3) Viking 1 and Viking 2 (USA)- 1975- probes to Mars to look for signs of life

10. D. Outer Planet Exploration

11. 1 ) Pioneer 10 (USA) – to study Jupiter and sample the solar wind- the flow of particles coming from the sun

12. 2) Voyager 2- 1 st probe to fly by the 4 gas giant planets

13. E. Space-probe science has given us information about how planets form and develop, helping us to better understand our own planet Earth