1. Ebola Clip

2. The Lymphatic and Immune Systems Day 1

3. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Functions? –Return fluid to circulatory system –Defense Specific Non-specific Lymphatic System

4. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Organization of the Lymphatic System

5. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Fluid leaks from blood capillaries Enters lymphatic capillaries Returns to circulatory system through lymphatic trunks Lymph Formation and Flow

6. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Structural hierarchy: –Atoms –Molecules –Organelles –Cells –Tissues –Organs –Organ systems Do you remember…

7. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Lymphocytes –T lymphocytes mature in thymus –B lymphocytes mature in bone marrow Macrophages –begin as monocytes –leave lymphatic tissue to enter surrounding tissue Lymphatic Cells

8. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue (MALT) Patches of tissue in mucous membranes –Respiratory Tonsils –GI Small intestine Appendix Lymphatic Tissues

9. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Lymph nodes –cleanse lymph –store and produce T and B cells Lymphatic Organs

10. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Spleen –scans and cleans blood Thymus –nursery for T cells Lymphatic Organs

11. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Phagocytosis –neutrophils –macrophages (formerly monocytes) –engulf, destroy, debris out via exocytosis Natural killer cells –bind to infected cells –proteins perforate cells Nonspecific Defense

12. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Complement –plasma proteins assist with phagocytosis Interferons –released by virus infected cells –slow/stop viral growth, replication Nonspecific Defense

13. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Tissue damage Histamine and other inflammatory chemicals released BV dilate, blood flow increases, capillary permeability increases Clotting and scar formation The Development of Inflammation

14. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Activation of leukocytes and macrophages causes release of pyrogens Hypothalamus raises body temperature, causing a fever Advantage? Fever

15. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Day 2 Lymph and Immune Systems

16. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Review

17. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Function of lymph vessels?

18. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Locations of lymph tissue/organs?

19. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. How does lymph fluid get back in circulatory system?

20. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. 3 Lines of Defenses?

21. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Why T and B cells?

22. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Process?

23. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Natural killer cells Complement Interferon Pyrogens Operation?

24. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. On the surface of cells “Self” vs. “nonself” Antigens

25. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. –Recognize only one antigen –Cloned in response to antigen presentation –Memory cells made Lymphocytes

26. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Rapid, unregulated cell growth Metastasis Cells may lodge in lymph nodes Cancer and Lymph Nodes

27. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Strong response to a harmless antigen Release of histamine Symptoms… Anaphylaxis – severe allergic reaction Allergy shots? Allergies

28. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Allergies

29. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Like allergies – but attack of own tissues Cause unclear Examples –rheumatoid arthritis –multiple sclerosis –type I diabetes Autoimmune Disorders

30. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. HIV –infects and kills helper T cells AIDS –helper T cell count falls below 200/mm3 –immune system seriously weakened –patient is susceptible to opportunistic infection HIV and AIDS