1. Keeping Food safe

4. If in doubt throw it out In the USA- 200,000 / day/food borne illness Food poisoning- flu like symptoms

5. Microorganisms 1. mold 2. Yeast 3. bacteria- food intoxication - food infection Others: 4. viruses 5. Animal parasites 6. chemicals 7. natural toxins

6. Molds

7. Give foods the fuzzy look

10. Requirements for Mold Growth 1. moisture 2. moderate temperature 20- 35 degrees 3. aerobic As temperature drops mold growth slows Visible on food throw it out Some foods it is used for flavor Eg. blue cheese

11. Yeasts

12. One celled plant Fungi Yeasts form spores- [ microorganisms in a dormant or inactive state- will survive high temperatures]

13. Requirements for Yeast Growth 1. moisture 2. high ph level [ acid] 3. warmth 20- 38 degrees 4. air

14. Bacteria 20 different types- 8 major Found in air, soil, water, food

16. Requirements for Bacteria Growth 1. grow with or without air 2. moisture 3. warmth Most killed by heat

17. Food intoxication Bacteria that form toxins that make us ill In large amounts form spores that release these toxins

18. Clostridium perfringens Found in small amounts in the intestinal tract all the time Found in food left at room temperature too long - meats and poultry High and low temperature halt growth Takes 4 – 24 hours  sick Keep hot food hot Keep cold food cold

19. Staphylococcus Found in nasal passages and skin Passed through moisture- sneeze, breath 1- 7 hours  sick toxin Eg. Chef with a cut on his hand

20. Botulism Toxin Contaminated fish, honey and improperly canned goods Boil food for 10-15 minutes Serious- can cause death--. Respiratory failure

21. Food infections Pathogen enters body on food causing illness

22. Salmonella Grow very fast 5 hours – 3 days  sick Cross contamination Raw poultry- eggs Fish milk

23. E coli [ Escherichia coli] Lives in animal intestines  helps digest food and metabolize vitamins Can be fatal- kidney failure Source- under cooked meats

25. Animal parasites Found in contaminated water And food

26. TAPEWORM

27. Viruses Norwalk – flu like symptoms

29. Chemical food poisoning Chemicals that get in or on the food that cause illness Additives Lead Arsenic Poisonous plants- mushrooms pesticides

30. Pesticides Some occur naturally Help insure the survival of food crops against predators Increase yield Strict regulations