1. A research project funded by the Framework 7 Research programme of the European Union Keeping young people in education in Hungary and Spain Accommodation with conditions and support Márta Korintus, Robert Csák, Andrea Rácz, Institute for Social Policy and Labour, Budapest, Hungary

2. A research project funded by the Framework 7 Research programme of the European Union Content Importance Elements of success The example of Hungary and Spain Conditions Support other than accommodation Statistics Views of young people Views of professionals Recommendations

3. A research project funded by the Framework 7 Research programme of the European Union Importance of comprehensive support Goal: to identify what helps young people from care background to study in higher education Success could be defined in terms of the ratio of young people studying in further and higher education Importance of comprehensive approaches, such as accommodation with support

4. A research project funded by the Framework 7 Research programme of the European Union Elements of success External success factors: stable place of care and emotional support good schooling financial support Internal success factors : related to will, persistence, commitment related to valuing knowledge related to building a good future

5. A research project funded by the Framework 7 Research programme of the European Union The example of Spain, Catalonia Family foster care or kinship foster care: can stay if the foster family and the YP agree But no financial or other support Residential care: if don’t have accommodation, need help to get a job, in integrating into the society, can enter ASJTET ASJTET: The after care service for young people leaving care

6. A research project funded by the Framework 7 Research programme of the European Union The example of Hungary „After care” for 1 year if the young person requests it After care provision in Foster care, or After care home (residential care) Financial support towards buying a home

7. A research project funded by the Framework 7 Research programme of the European Union Conditions in Catalonia For 18 to 21 year-olds For 16 year-olds preparing to enter the labour market For young people who have been in care or in a high social risk situation. have nowhere else to go, need support for integrating into society and the workplace and renting accommodation

8. A research project funded by the Framework 7 Research programme of the European Union Conditions in Hungary For 18 to 24 year-olds For young people if they request it, cannot move back to their families cannot support themselves they study

9. A research project funded by the Framework 7 Research programme of the European Union Support in Catalonia ASJTET provides an integral response/programmes : Support for social and labour market integration Support for gaining work experience Training Residence in temporary and in subsidised apartments. Financial help to rent a flat Special homes to learn independence skills. Legal guidance Socio-educational and psychological support

10. A research project funded by the Framework 7 Research programme of the European Union Support in Hungary Accommodation with full provision Personal advice to start an independent life (including legal and financial advice) Support to find the suitable form of education and Support for studying Help to achieve the integration into society Conflict management

11. A research project funded by the Framework 7 Research programme of the European Union Statistics – Catalonia In Catalonia, 84.2% of young people live at home at the age of 20-24, and half of young people become independent from the age of 29 Young people in care have to do so ten years earlier 73 % of YP leave care at age 18 27% of YP leave care before age 18

12. A research project funded by the Framework 7 Research programme of the European Union Statistics – Hungary Hungarian young people generally leave their families to start and independent life at the age of 25 ½ Young people in care can stay in after care provision until the age of 24 if they study. Most do. The age of becoming independent is roughly the same

13. A research project funded by the Framework 7 Research programme of the European Union Statistics II. HungaryCatalonia Number of young people under 18 in care (2008) 175887524 Num of young people in after care provision (2008) a) Aged 16 – 18 218 b) Aged 18 + 3932984 c) All together 3932 1202

14. A research project funded by the Framework 7 Research programme of the European Union Views of young people - Catalonia Compared to the general population of their age, they have more difficulties following an educational carrier Important barrier to study is the advice received at the residential home to do short-term courses, with the aim of working as soon as possible to support themselves economically. Low expectations - they do not receive the same pressure to study as those who live with a family.

15. A research project funded by the Framework 7 Research programme of the European Union Views of young people - Catalonia They main concern is their economic situation, and not have time to study  difficult to combine work and education; they cannot miss work, so they miss class. Generally they are happy with the support they receive Those who study are proud of their achievements, especially that they have become independent The size of the residential home has consequences The relationship with social educators is a central issue

16. A research project funded by the Framework 7 Research programme of the European Union Example - Spain „I have been successful in getting a job, a house, and I am fortunate in general because of my job opportunities and my opportunities to study….- after all the experiences I had, I am so fortunate not to have a depression and to have food on my table everyday.” (Girl, 20)

17. A research project funded by the Framework 7 Research programme of the European Union Views of professionals - Catalonia Problems with the after care system Child protection teams’ referral to after care services (social services) about a YP has no protocol No written agreements, no systemised intervention with the YP

18. A research project funded by the Framework 7 Research programme of the European Union Views of professionals - Catalonia Problems in education YP’s priority is entering the labour market not continuing formal education Lack of support and motivation in the family to study Offering non-formal training resources without continuity in the formal education system. It is difficult to keep YP in education, due to the rigidity of the system YP in and from care do not receive any special support and are not prioritised as a specific group

19. A research project funded by the Framework 7 Research programme of the European Union Views of young people – Hungary ”So, it's not like what they say, that now you are 20 or 18 years old, and you should buy an apartment – and with that sort of money, you can't buy an apartment in a normal neighbourhood. And I don’t want to be wasted or something: there is an apartment for 1.5 million forints, and then the whole building is full of people who have committed crimes or I don't know what – it could happen that they set the building on fire. One of my buddies had to face that. He bought an apartment and then they took the whole building from above his head.” (22-year-old man, student of the police academy)

20. A research project funded by the Framework 7 Research programme of the European Union Views of professionals - Hungary There is a need for more decentralization in the management system to be able to match needs better better living conditions for young people better working conditions for professionals better documentation with more information enhancing the knowledge and competencies of professionals to meet today’s challenges (supervision, ongoing professional development, etc.)

21. A research project funded by the Framework 7 Research programme of the European Union Recommendations The prioritisation of education. Their identification as a group with specific educational needs. Avoiding changes in residential homes and schools, working towards permanency. Close collaboration between departments and their respective services. Improving expectations with regard to the group. Innovation to meet the current challenges posed by the child protection population.