1. Today’s Agenda Any Announcements? Any Questions? Let's Review our Bellwork.... Now... Let’s Begin Today’s Lesson…..

2. Today's State Standards Standard 1.0: Culture 1.1 understand the influence of natural rights on American culture. Standard 4.0: Governance and Civics 4.1 understand the role of politics and government in society. Standard 5.0: History 5.3 understand the importance of the rule of laws and the sources, purposes, and function of law. Standard 6.0: Individuals Groups & Interactions 6.1 understand the impact of individual and group decisions on citizens and communities.

3. Our objectives today 1. Define government and the basic powers every government holds. 2. Describe the four defining characteristics of the state. 3. Identify four theories that attempt to explain the origin of the state. 4. Understand the purpose of government in the United States and other countries.

4. Our Goal Today Government is essential to the existence of human beings in a civilized society. What any particular government is like and what that government does will have an extraordinary impact on the lives of all people who live within its reach. The goal of this lesson and the class itself is to illustrate this impact on the students' lives now and in the future.

5. What is Government? What is the definition of government? What do YOU think the word government means?

6. gov·ern·ment noun, often attributive \ ˈ gə-vər(n)-mənt, -və-mənt; ˈ gə-bəm-ənt, -vəm-\ : the group of people who control and make decisions for a country, state, etc. : a particular system used for controlling a country, state, etc. : the process or manner of controlling a country, state, etc. http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/government

7. Our Definition Page 4, second column: “Government is the institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies.”

8. Public Policies A government has to have powers to make and carry out Public Policies. 1) Legislative Power 2) Executive Power 3) Judicial Power What are each of these powers?

9. The Three Powers Needed to Govern 1) Legislative Power – Power to create laws 2) Executive Power – Power to enforce laws 3) Judicial Power – Power to interpret laws

10. Constitution A government needs a rulebook on how laws can be written, who may write them, how they are enforced and how they are judged as fair or unfair. Think of your Riverdale handbook as our school's Constitution

11. The State A body of people, living in a specific area of land, organized to live under a defined set of laws. What are the four characteristics of a State?

12. Characteristics of a State 1) Population 2) Territory 3) Sovereignty 4) Government

13. What are these characteristics? Turn to page 6 in your textbook. Review the Chart at the top of the page. What are the answers to the questions for the chart?

14. Major Political Ideas The Force Theory The Evolutionary Theory The Divine Right Theory The Social Contract Theory

15. Major Political Ideas The Force Theory – Power creates rule – He who has the largest army is the King. The Evolutionary Theory – Early family became head of a government. Families became clans and then tribes. The Divine Right Theory – Kings were Kings because they were ancestors of God or Jesus Christ. Kings were both religious leaders and rulers. The Social Contract Theory – The State of Nature. Philosophers pondered a person's right of owning their own property. They questioned the Divine Right of Kings.

16. Why do we need Government? a) Form a More Perfect Union Our states joined as one nation b) Establish Justice “Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere.” - Martin Luther King, Jr. c) Insure Domestic Tranquility “If men were angels, no government would be necessary.” - James Madison, Federalist Paper # 51

17. Why do we need Government? d) Provide for the Common Defense We just won a war with England – we need to be secure. e) Promote the General Welfare Public schools, transportation, clean air, drinking water, etc. f) Secure the Blessing of Liberty One word: FREEDOM

18. Vocabulary government public policy legislative powerexecutive power judicial powerconstitution dictatorshipdemocracy statesovereign

19. government government – the institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies.

20. Vocabulary government public policy legislative powerexecutive power judicial powerconstitution dictatorshipdemocracy statesovereign

21. public policy public policy – all of the things a government decides to do. Taxes, schools, prisons, crime, roads, environment, healthcare, etc...

22. Vocabulary governmentpublic policy legislative power executive power judicial powerconstitution dictatorshipdemocracy statesovereign

23. legislative power legislative power – the power to make laws

24. Vocabulary governmentpublic policy legislative power executive power judicial powerconstitution dictatorshipdemocracy statesovereign

25. executive power executive power – power to execute, enforce and administer law

26. Vocabulary governmentpublic policy legislative powerexecutive power judicial power constitution dictatorshipdemocracy statesovereign

27. judicial power judicial power – power to interpret laws, determine their meaning and settle disputes

28. Vocabulary governmentpublic policy legislative powerexecutive power judicial power constitution dictatorshipdemocracy statesovereign

29. constitution constitution – body of fundamental laws setting out the principles, structures and process of a government

30. Vocabulary governmentpublic policy legislative powerexecutive power judicial powerconstitution dictatorship democracy statesovereign

31. dictatorship dictatorship – power held by an individual or a small group whose rule is not changeable by the will of the people

32. Vocabulary governmentpublic policy legislative powerexecutive power judicial powerconstitution dictatorship democracy statesovereign

33. democracy democracy – power depends on the will of the people

34. Vocabulary governmentpublic policy legislative powerexecutive power judicial powerconstitution dictatorshipdemocracy state sovereign

35. state state – a body of people living in a defined territory, organized politically with the power to make and enforce law without a higher, controlling, power

36. Vocabulary governmentpublic policy legislative powerexecutive power judicial powerconstitution dictatorshipdemocracy state sovereign

37. sovereign sovereign – a state that has supreme absolute power within its own territory

38. What Did We Learn Today? Assessment Questions Turn to page 10, Section 1 Assessment. Answer questions 1, 3 and 7 on your bellwork.

39. Today's State Standards Standard 1.0: Culture 1.1 understand the influence of natural rights on American culture. Standard 4.0: Governance and Civics 4.1 understand the role of politics and government in society. Standard 5.0: History 5.3 understand the importance of the rule of laws and the sources, purposes, and function of law. Standard 6.0: Individuals Groups & Interactions 6.1 understand the impact of individual and group decisions on citizens and communities.

40. Our objectives today 1. Define government and the basic powers every government holds. 2. Describe the four defining characteristics of the state. 3. Identify four theories that attempt to explain the origin of the state. 4. Understand the purpose of government in the United States and other countries.

41. Our Goal Today Government is essential to the existence of human beings in a civilized society. What any particular government is like and what that government does will have an extraordinary impact on the lives of all people who live within its reach. The goal of this lesson and the class itself is to illustrate this impact on the students' lives now and in the future.