1. Global Trends in Food Consumption
Food is our common ground, a universal experience.
– James Beard

2. Germany : The Melander family of Bargteheide Food expenditure for one week: 375.39 Euros or $500.07

4. United States : The Revis family of North Carolina Food expenditure for one week: $341.98

6. Japan: The Ukita family of Kodaira City Food expenditure for one week: 37,699 Yen or $317.25

8. Italy: The Manzo family of Sicily Food expenditure for one week: 214
Italy: The Manzo family of Sicily Food expenditure for one week: Euros or $260.10

10. Mexico: The Casales family of Cuernavaca Food expenditure for one week: 1, Mexican Pesos or $189.09

12. Poland: The Sobczynscy family of Konstancin-Jeziorna Food expenditure for one week: Zlotys or $151.27

14. Egypt: The Ahmed family of Cairo Food expenditure for one week: 387
Egypt: The Ahmed family of Cairo Food expenditure for one week: Egyptian Pounds or $68.53

16. Ecuador: The Ayme family of Tingo Food expenditure for one week: $31

18. Bhutan: The Namgay family of Shingkhey Village Food expenditure for one week: ngultrum or $5.03

20. Chad: The Aboubakar family of Breidjing Camp Food expenditure for one week: 685 CFA Francs or $1.23

22. Social and Cultural Norms
Practices that are viewed acceptable by those in a society
These views influence what people value, tolerate, eat, and the way they interact
Identify the Social Norm

27. Foods can be social norms

28. Horse Butcher in France

29. Foie Gras – Duck liver that’s been force fed grain in order to fatten.

30. Sun Dried Sea Horse

31. Tarantulas! YUMMY!!!

32. Balut Egg at 15 days old

33. Cambodian Dog Market

34. Horn worm eaten in South Africa

35. Chilled Monkey Brain

36. To understand how animals are useful to humanity, we must understand the factors that influence where and how animals live, and their uses to humans.
– W. Stephen Damron

37. Geography’s Influence
What enables a plant or animal to thrive in an area? 37

38. Adaptations
An organism’s ability to adjust for survival in a specific environment
Caused by:
Climatic Stresses
Nutritional Stresses
Internal Stresses
Geographical Stresses
Social Stresses

39. Climatic Stresses
Climate is the long-time pattern of meteorological factors
Weather is the immediate condition of these factors in a given area
Primarily effects plants, but indirectly impacts animals.
What are some examples of climates?

46. Climates of the World

47. Social and Cultural Norms
Religion, recreation, and social customs help establish an animals value
A value established by one of these factors is often greater than the animal’s food or work value

48. Religion’s Impact on the Food we Eat
Christianity
Hindu
Religion’s Impact on the Food we Eat
Judaism
Islam

49. Islam Followers are called Muslim
Foods are called “Halal” which means “Lawful” or “Haram” which means “Unlawful”, each are identified in the Quaran
Unlawful foods are:
Animals who die on their own
Blood
Meat from pigs (Almost no swine are found in Islamic heavy areas)
Animals dedicated to other than Allal

50. Islam Zabihah is the prescribed method of animal slaughter
Animal must be fully conscious
Slaughter must be done by a Muslim or “People of the Book” (Jew, Christian, or Rastafarian)
God’s name must be spoken at the time of slaughter
Fish must have fins and scales to be “Halal”
Catfish and some shellfish come into question

51. Islamic Populations

53. Judaism According to the Judaist dietary laws of the Old Testament
Cloven footed animals who chew the cud is considered clean
All fish with fins and scales are considered clean
Insects of the locust family are considered clean
Meat from the Pig and Camel are unclean
All carnivorous birds, sea creatures without fins and scales, and most insects, rodents, and reptiles are unclean

54. Judaism
Kashrut is the Jewish law dealing with food, common term used is Kosher
No Rabbi blessing necessary to be Kosher
Slaughter methods
Animal must be fully conscious
Meat is then broiled or soaked in salt water to extract remaining blood
Must be done by a shochet (butcher) who is a holy man trained in Jewish law
May not eat animals that die of natural causes or that were killed by other animals
Animal must have no disease or flaws in the organs at the time of slaughter.

55. Christianity
Under the Old Testament, Christians would be held to the diet of Judaism
However, in Acts 10:9-15 Peter was praying and became hungry. He fell into a trance and the heavens opened up with something like a large white sheet being let down from the corners. It contained all kinds of four-footed animals, as well as reptiles of the earth and birds of the air. God said, “Get up, Peter. Kill and eat.”

56. Christianity
Peter replied, “Surely not Lord! I have never eaten anything impure or unclean.” The voice spoke a second time, “Do not call anything impure that God has made clean.”
Christians use this verse to justify eating all animals

57. Hinduism
Concentrated in India, the Hindu religion believes that all God’s creatures are deserving of respect and compassion
Vegetarian diets are encouraged
However, some Hindu believers choose to eat meat – beef and pork is strictly forbidden!
The Cow is seen as sacred and can neither be slaughtered or sold for slaughter
Milk from the cow can be consumed

58. Question?
Is it possible that some cultures began to view particular animals with high importance due to the service they could provide rather than food?
Example – were swine deemed unclean because they could consume/get ride of every day wastes? Or was the camel proven to be a better beast of burden that a quick meal?

59. Humane Slaughter Act
Break the class into 4 groups. Each group will read a section of the article concerning humane slaughter
Humane Slaughter Overview
Stunning Methods
Humane Handling and Facilities
Enforcement
Each group will be responsible for outlining the section and sharing information with the class