1. Plate Tectonics How did a glacier form over hot, arid Australia?

2. Alfred Wegener Thought the earth’s climate had changed in some areas. Thought the earth’s climate had changed in some areas. Noticed that the continents fit together like a puzzle. Noticed that the continents fit together like a puzzle. Named all land Pangaea which means “ all Earth”. Named all land Pangaea which means “ all Earth”. 1912 – proposed the hypothesis of continental drift. 1912 – proposed the hypothesis of continental drift. Was not able to explain how the continents drifted. Was not able to explain how the continents drifted. Theory was not accepted by scientists at that time. Theory was not accepted by scientists at that time.

3. Evidence of Continental Drift Fossils Climate Rocks

4. Fossil Evidence Fossils: Lystrosaurs Fossils: Lystrosaurs Small,squat, doglike reptile lived 200 million years ago. Small,squat, doglike reptile lived 200 million years ago. Lived near fresh water rivers and swamps. Lived near fresh water rivers and swamps. Found bones and teeth in South Africa and Antarctica. Found bones and teeth in South Africa and Antarctica. If the animal could have swam from present day South Africa to present day Antarctica fossils would have been found in other areas as well. If the animal could have swam from present day South Africa to present day Antarctica fossils would have been found in other areas as well.

5. Climate Evidence Fossil – Glossopteris Fossil – Glossopteris Fern that grew in Africa, Australia, India, South America, and Antarctica. Fern that grew in Africa, Australia, India, South America, and Antarctica. Supports the idea that all these continents had a similar climate at one time. Supports the idea that all these continents had a similar climate at one time.

6. Rock Evidence Similar rock structures are found on different continents. Appalachian Mountains in United States match rocks in Greenland and Western Europe. Rocks in South America and Western Africa are similar in structure.

7. Pangaea Puzzle Cut out your Pangaea puzzle. Cut out your Pangaea puzzle. Assemble the puzzle. Assemble the puzzle. Color the land green and the water blue. Color the land green and the water blue. Glue the puzzle to your construction paper. Glue the puzzle to your construction paper. Put your name on the bottom of the puzzle and bring it to me. Put your name on the bottom of the puzzle and bring it to me. Best looking puzzle gets a prize. Best looking puzzle gets a prize.

8. Ticket Out The Door In one paragraph (5 to 7 sentences) and using your best cursive handwriting, answer the EQ for today: In one paragraph (5 to 7 sentences) and using your best cursive handwriting, answer the EQ for today: How did a glacier form over hot, arid Australia? How did a glacier form over hot, arid Australia?

9. Seafloor Spreading How do continents move?

10. Harry Hess 1960 – proposed the theory of seafloor spreading as an explanation of how the continents drift. 1960 – proposed the theory of seafloor spreading as an explanation of how the continents drift. Hot, less dense material below the Earth’s crust rises toward the surface at the mid-ocean ridges Hot, less dense material below the Earth’s crust rises toward the surface at the mid-ocean ridges Flows sideways away from the ridge in both directions. Flows sideways away from the ridge in both directions.

11. Evidence of Seafloor Spreading Age of Rocks, Magnetic Clues, Life Forms

12. Evidence of Seafloor spreading Rocks close to the mid-ocean ridge are younger than rocks further away from the mid-ocean ridge. Rocks close to the mid-ocean ridge are younger than rocks further away from the mid-ocean ridge. Magnetic reversals in rocks show that new rock is being formed at mid- ocean ridges. Magnetic reversals in rocks show that new rock is being formed at mid- ocean ridges. Heat and chemicals near mid-ocean ridges sustain exotic life forms in deep water. Heat and chemicals near mid-ocean ridges sustain exotic life forms in deep water.

13. How does sea-floor spreading add material to the ocean floor? Find the center of your paper and using your ruler draw a line across the paper. Find the center of your paper and using your ruler draw a line across the paper. Measure 3 inch sections from the center line on both sides and draw a line across the paper. Measure 3 inch sections from the center line on both sides and draw a line across the paper. Continue to draw a line every 3 inches across the paper. Continue to draw a line every 3 inches across the paper. Number the sections on both outside edges 1, and continue to number both sections the same across the paper. Number the sections on both outside edges 1, and continue to number both sections the same across the paper. Fold the paper on the center line. Fold the paper on the center line. Place the folded paper between two tables. Place the folded paper between two tables. Pull both ends of the paper at the same time. Pull both ends of the paper at the same time.

14. Questions 1. What happens at the mid-ocean ridge? 1. What happens at the mid-ocean ridge? 2. What forms when the molten material hardens? 2. What forms when the molten material hardens? 3. What happens to the new ocean floor? 3. What happens to the new ocean floor? 4. As shown by your model, how does the ocean floor close to the center line differ from the ocean floor near the side? 4. As shown by your model, how does the ocean floor close to the center line differ from the ocean floor near the side? 5. What happens at deep-ocean trenches? 5. What happens at deep-ocean trenches?

15. Ticket Out the Door In one paragraph (5 to 7 sentences) and using your best cursive handwriting, answer the EQ for today: In one paragraph (5 to 7 sentences) and using your best cursive handwriting, answer the EQ for today: How do Continents move? How do Continents move?

16. What do Volcanoes, Earthquakes and Mountains have in common? Plate Tectonics

17. Combines the theories of: Combines the theories of: Continental Drift Continental Drift Seafloor Spreading Seafloor Spreading Crust of earth is broken into plates that move. Crust of earth is broken into plates that move. Crust is destroyed and created at the same rate. Crust is destroyed and created at the same rate.

19. Types of Plate Boundaries Divergent – Plates move away Divergent – Plates move away Example: Mid-ocean Ridge, Rift Valleys Example: Mid-ocean Ridge, Rift Valleys Transform – Plates slide in the same or opposite directions Transform – Plates slide in the same or opposite directions Example: Earthquakes Example: Earthquakes

20. Types of Plate Boundaries Convergent – Plates move together Convergent – Plates move together Subduction Zones: Subduction Zones: Ocean and continental plates collide, forms volcanoes. Ocean and continental plates collide, forms volcanoes. Continental plates collide, forms mountains. Continental plates collide, forms mountains.