1. Plate Tectonics

3. The Crust Outermost layer 5 – 100 km thick Made of Oxygen, Silicon, Aluminum

4. The Mantle Layer of Earth between the crust and the core Contains most of the Earth’s mass Has more magnesium and less aluminum and silicon than the crust Is denser than the crust

5. The Core Below the mantle and to the center of the Earth Believed to be mostly Iron, smaller amounts of Nickel, almost no Oxygen, Silicon, Aluminum, or Magnesium

6. Pangaea The ancient (225 million years ago) supercontinent that split apart into the continents we know today.

7. Evidence of Pangaea

8. Continental Drift The theory used to explain the movement of the continents on earth. It was first proposed by Alfred Wegner less than 100 years ago (1912) animation

9. How Plates Move: Convection Currents

10. Plate Boundaries The term “plate boundary” refers to the edges where the different plates on earth are touching. illustration Each of the plates have a name.name

11. There are Three Types of Plate Boundaries Convergent areas of plates that are moving toward each other animation

12. Indian and Eurasian Plates Convergent Boundary

13. Convergent Boundary – Oceanic & Continental

14. Convergent Boundary – Oceanic & Oceanic

15. Convergent Boundaries - Continental

16. There are Three Types of Plate Boundaries Divergent areas of plates that are moving away from each other animation

17. Divergent Boundary - Oceanic

18. Divergent Boundary - Continental

19. Sea Floor Spreading

20. Mid Ocean Ridges – underwater mountain chains that run through the Earth’s Basins Magma rises to the surface and solidifies and new crust forms Older Crust is pushed farther away from the ridge

21. There are Three Types of Plate Boundaries Transform areas of plates that are sliding past each other; results in the largest and most destructive earthquakes image

22. Transform Boundary – San Andreas Fault

23. Plate Boundary Locations click image to launch animation

24. Let’s Review What are the three type of plate boundaries? convergent divergent transform

25. Let’s Review Which type of plate boundary results in the largest, most destructive earthquakes? transform