1. HIV/AIDS HIV is an STD but you can get it in a non-sexual way

2. History  1st reported in the U.S. in 1981  Worldwide pandemic Pandemic: infectious disease that is spreading through human populations worldwideinfectious disease estimated that there are 33.3 million people worldwide infected 2.6 million new HIV infections per yearHIV 1.8 million annual deaths due to AIDS 76% of those deaths occurred in sub-Saharan Africa.sub-Saharan Africa attacks everyone everywhere no matter age, race, socio-economic group (rich/poor)

3. Information  HIV- human immunodeficiency virus virus that causes AIDS Attacks the body’s immune system  specifically the T-Cells  AIDS- acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Acquired means you get it from someone final stage of HIV infection May take years for a person even without treatment, to reach this stage  1 or more specific infections/low # of T- cells/certain cancers-they are considered to have AIDS

4.  Know you are HIV positive?  knowingly spread it to your partner during sex without telling them beforehand  you can and will stand trial for murder or attempted murder

5.  HIV can not live outside the body for very long  primarily found in blood semen vaginal fluid less then.06% of the time in breast milk  can be transmitted thru infected blood but since 1985 all donated blood is tested for HIV

6. Not Transmitted  sitting next to someone who is HIV positive  donating blood  a toilet seat  drinking fountain  Doorknob  Dishes  drinking glasses  Food  Pets  mosquitoes

7. Risk Factors  increase your risk for infection if:  injected IV drugs/steroids into veins with equipment that was shared with others  unprotected vaginal/anal/oral sex  multiple/anonymous partners  exchanged sex for drugs/money  been diagnosed or treated for Hepatitis/STD  blood transfusion between 1978-1985  unprotected sex with anyone who has the above listed risk factors  Tattoos/piercings with unsterilized equipment

8. Prevention  abstinence until you are in a relationship with only one person and are having sex with only each other  talk about HIV/STD’s with your partner before you have sex  use a latex condom every time you have sex  get tested if you have another STD  do not inject illegal drugs  A- Abstinence  B- Be Faithful  C- Condoms

9. Diagnosis  only way to know if you have been infected is to be tested  have to be tested when applying for a marriage license-only way to keep track  can not rely on symptoms because some people do not have symptoms for many years  takes 3 weeks to 2 months before your body shows antibodies for HIV-some people can take even longer

10. Symptoms  3 Stages (Early/Middle/Late)  Early Stage  fever  Headache  Flu-like symptoms  tiredness  enlarged lymph nodes (about a month after exposure)-then they disappear

11.  Later Stages (up to 10 years after infection) lack of energy weight loss frequent fever and sweats frequent yeast infections skin rashes flaky skin PID in females short term memory loss

12. Testing  Home test kits  EIA/ELISA tests are blood tests- 99.5% accurate  positive test is followed with a second test called the Western Blot Test to confirm  When all test are done there is a 99.9 % accuracy  Most HIV tests look for antibodies in the blood

13. Why hasn’t a vaccine been developed?  An HIV vaccine continues to elude researchers

14. Opportunistic Diseases  most common ones: PCP (Pneumocystis) Pneumonia- a severe lung infection KS (Kaposi’s Sarcoma)- a skin cancer CMV- an infection of the eyes Candida- a fungal infection that can cause thrush (a white film in the mouth)  throat and vaginal infections  serious weight loss “Wasting Syndrome”  brain tumors

15. Treatment  no cure for AIDS  antiretroviral drugs such as AZT slow down the virus/slow down the damage HIV does to your immune system side effects such as nausea and vomiting  VERY EXPENSIVE health insurance does not want to pay the costs