1. Aeronautical Information Management (AIM) Modernization
For DATWG
Brett Brunk Architecture and Planning System Operations - AIM Group
March 2009

2. Topics Vision for Aeronautical Information Management
AIM Modernization Architecture
Performance, business, information and technology
Current Activities
Federal NOTAM System initial deployment
SUA
Consolidation of web sites
Information exchange
AIXM 5

3. Topics Vision for Aeronautical Information Management
AIM Modernization Architecture
Performance, business, information and technology
Current Activities
Federal NOTAM System initial deployment
SUA
Consolidation of web sites
Information exchange
AIXM 5

4. From AIS to AIM AIM as a core ATM enabler
Traditional AIS
AIS is a set of paper products and manual processes
Aeronautical Information Management
System to system exchange of aeronautical information
Global interoperability
Integrated data sets
Single entry multiple views
Customer Service (Civil and military)
Flight planning and briefing
Aircraft
ATC automation
Traffic management
Notice to Airmen

5. Global ATM Vision
Provide “a holistic, cooperative and collaborative decision-making environment, where the diverging expectations and interests of all members of the ATM community are balanced to achieve equity and access.”
“Information management provides accredited, quality-assured and timely information used to support ATM operations.”
From ICAO Doc 9854 Global ATM Operational Concept (1.9.1)
To define AIM we need to go back to fundamentals and determine how AIM supports current and future ATM business activities. To formulate the linkage between AIM and ATM we went back to ICAO Doc 9854 “Global Air Traffic Management Operational Concept.” According to the Global ATM Operation Concept, the goal of ATM is to provide “a holistic, cooperative and collaborative decision-making environment where the diverging expectations and interests of all members of the ATM community are balanced to achieve equity and access.”
Furthermore Doc 9854 goes on to describe AIM by noting “Information management provides accredited, quality-assured and timely information used to support ATM operations.”
From ICAO Doc 9854 Global ATM Operational Concept (2.15)

6. What does the Global ATM Operational Concept tell us?
Need a move to seamless global air traffic management
Internationally harmonized and globally interoperable ATM system
ATM includes seven capabilities
Manage airspace
Demand and capacity balancing
Aeronautical operations
Traffic synchronization
Conflict management
Airspace user operations
ATM service delivery management
AIM/Information Services
Provide the information services necessary to support the seven ATM capabilities
The ICAO Global ATM Operational Concept tells us that in the future we need to evolve to a seamless global air traffic management concept. Such a system requires international harmonization and global interoperability.
The ATM concept includes seven capabilities:
Manage airspace
Demand and capacity balancing
Aeronautical operations
Traffic synchronization
Conflict management
Airspace user operations
ATM service delivery management
It further defines the AIM/Information Service capability as providing the information services needed to support the seven ATM capabilities listed above.

7. Role of AIM in supporting ATM
Enabling flight operations
Provide common operating picture of aeronautical situation
Monitor quality
Control quality
Provide information sharing
Integrate data (historical, planning and operational)
Provide decision information support
Aeronautical Common Operating Picture
The role of AIM according to Doc 9854 is to provide a Common Operating Picture of the Aeronautical Information situation to support flight operations. The document notes that information management needs to consider 5 activities:
Monitor quality
Control quality
Provide information sharing
Integrate data (historical, planned and operational)
Provide decision informational support
These core AIM services need to be applied across the seven ATM capabilities discussed on the previous slide.

8. What is missing in AIM today?
Global ATM capabilities
Manage airspace
Demand and capacity balancing
Aerodrome operations
Traffic synchronization
Conflict management
Airspace user operations
ATM service delivery management
How should AIM support these ATM capabilities?
ICAO Doc 9854 describes seven capabilities for the future ATM environment. How should AIM support these ATM capabilities? What is the linkage between AIM and these seven features?
We use Enterprise Architecture concepts to help identify the linkages and new AIM requirements required to support Global ATM.

9. Supporting all phases of flight

10. Topics Vision for Aeronautical Information Management
AIM Modernization Architecture
Performance, business, information and technology
Current Activities
Federal NOTAM System initial deployment
SUA
Consolidation of web sites
Information exchange
AIXM 5

11. The AIM Modernization Concept
Provide a ‘one stop shop’ for the aeronautical information services necessary for flight operations
Full Flight Plan
On-Demand NAS
Flight data management
4D Trajectory
Airspace Status
Situational Awareness
Enabling NextGen Capabilities
Performance
System Operations
Terminal
En Route
Aircraft
Global ATM Operations
System Forecast
Planning
Performance
NAS ATM Support Services
Business Services
Common Operating Picture for Aeronautical Information
Airport Evaluation Airspace Design Geodectics
Surface Evaluation
Charting
Core Aeronautical Information Services
If the information is in paper it isn’t good enough. If only one group can get it it isn’t good enough. Our customers shouldn’t have to spend effort to adapt it.
Collect
Evaluate
Distribute
Information
Data Management
Standards & Technologies
SWIM, DataComm, FTI
* Requirement to be validated and/or reallocated

12. The AIM Modernization Concept
Provide a ‘one stop shop’ for the aeronautical information services necessary for flight operations
Full Flight Plan
On-Demand NAS
Flight data management
4D Trajectory
Airspace Status
Situational Awareness
Enabling NextGen Capabilities
Performance
System Operations
Terminal
En Route
Aircraft
Global ATM Operations
System Forecast
Planning
Performance
NAS ATM Support Services
Business Services
Common Operating Picture for Aeronautical Information
Airport Evaluation Airspace Design Geodectics
Surface Evaluation
Charting
Core Aeronautical Information Services
If the information is in paper it isn’t good enough. If only one group can get it it isn’t good enough. Our customers shouldn’t have to spend effort to adapt it.
Collect
Evaluate
Distribute
Information
Data Management
Standards & Technologies
SWIM, DataComm, FTI
* Requirement to be validated and/or reallocated

13. Diverse customer community
Originators
Customers
Airport operators
Forest service
Procedure developers
Military airfield operators
Air Traffic Control
Dispatchers
Pilots
General Aviation
Business Jets
Military
Military dispatch
Air Traffic Control

14. Product-driven policy Challenges facing AIM
Flight Restrictions (Flow constraint rules, SOP, LOA)
National (FDC) NOTAM (IAPs, NAVAID,TFR)
Weather data products
Regional (Domestic) NOTAM (SID, STAR, Airport)
Special Activity Airspace (SAA) Activation
Notices about temporary changes occur through a bewildering array of temporary notices that pilots, airlines and states need to keep track of. This slide just lists some of the products that a pilot may need to consult to understand the dynamic nature of the airspace system:
National (FDC) NOTAMs for temporary flight restrictions, restricted airspace, NAVAID and procedure NOTAMs
Regional (Domestic) NOTAMS for SIDS, STARS and Airports
Local NOTAMs for local airport conditions
Military Airspace Activation (SUA)
And Airport Field Conditions or FICONS
These products follow different policy and often are operating in separate systems. Pilots and other users are challenged to ensure they collect and evaluate all of these products.
Airport Field Conditions (FICONS)

15. NOTAM User – Lessons Learned*
User Studies
Dispatchers
Pilots
Timeliness, consistency
Single location
Usability issues
Confusing Q-Codes
Cognitive problems with free text
Cognitive problems with UPPERCASE and ABBRV
*Kelley Krokos, Ph.D., American Institutes of Research
Florian Jentsch, Ph.D., University of Central Florida (UCF)

16. Program strategic deliverables
Provide a ‘one stop shop’ for the aeronautical information services necessary for flight operations
Improve Safety
Timely and accurate distribution of aeronautical information
Capturing and distributing digital aeronautical information
Improve efficiency
Digital capture and delivery
Streamlined information management
International Leadership
“Digital AIM”
ICAO compliance
Supporting NextGen
Single Authoritative Source (i.e. Common Operating Picture)
Infrastructure for 4D flight planning, shared situational awareness, …
NOTAM Advisories Special Use Airspace Airport Field Conditions SNOWTAMS Flow Constraints
Flight Plan goals supported:
Improve safety
Greater capacity
International leadership

17. Expected Benefits
Decrease in incidents where NOTAMs are a contributing factor
Decrease data collection and interpretation costs
Approximately $2M annually for major US carriers
Decrease system operations costs
Approximately $4M annually for US government
Timely, accurate and complete aeronautical information benefits flight operations
Improvements for controllers and pilot situational awareness
An initial benefits anaysis identified 4 key beneifts of NOTAM modernization.
We expect a decrease in accidents where NOTAMS were a contributing factor. Based on historical accident data this is expected to save the US about $2M US dollars annually.
Costs of data collection and interpretation should go down for US airlines with dispatcher staff. Saving is estimated at abour $2M annual.
Third, we expect a decrease in our annual system operating costs of about $4M annually.
Finally, we qualitatively expect that improvements in NOTAM quality and timeliness will increase the efficiency of flight and ATC operations. Pilots and controllers can use the better information to plan and execute flights more efficiency. The cost savings attributed to this benefit remaind to be determined.
So we expect risk adjusted benefits to exceed $8M US dollars annually.

18. The AIM Modernization Concept
Provide a ‘one stop shop’ for the aeronautical information services necessary for flight operations
Full Flight Plan
On-Demand NAS
Flight data management
4D Trajectory
Airspace Status
Situational Awareness
Enabling NextGen Capabilities
Performance
System Operations
Terminal
En Route
Aircraft
Global ATM Operations
System Forecast
Planning
Performance
NAS ATM Support Services
Business Services
Common Operating Picture for Aeronautical Information
Airport Evaluation Airspace Design Geodectics
Surface Evaluation
Charting
Core Aeronautical Information Services
If the information is in paper it isn’t good enough. If only one group can get it it isn’t good enough. Our customers shouldn’t have to spend effort to adapt it.
Collect
Evaluate
Distribute
Information
Data Management
Standards & Technologies
SWIM, DataComm, FTI
* Requirement to be validated and/or reallocated

19. Example of the legacy AIS challenges NOTAM entry pathways today
Text Entry Fax Digital Entry Phone System Interface
NOTAM
Databases
Airport Military Forest Service Security Facilities Procedures
Manual Validation
Publish
Distribution of NOTAM is equally complicated today!

20. New Concept of Operations
DATALINK
Web
AIM
Web Page
Service (AIXM)
Legacy Formats
Web service (AIXM)
Originator
AIM Modernization System
Accountable Sources
Digital Capture (AIXM via templates)
Validate and Publish by an FAA Authoritative Source
Integrated permanent and temporary information Computer readable Electronic distribution to customers
Now working on a concept of Operations for digital entry of NOTAM information using 5 airports in the U.S. as models.

21. Digital capture and delivery
Entry
Plain Language
Effect of going digital
Bandwidth increases
Changes to operational concepts
The United States Digital NOTAM System includes:
Form based entry to validate candidate NOTAMs as they are typed in. Because NOTAM entry is form-based, it is almost impossible to make an error.
The digital NOTAM information is encoded and transmitted as AIXM.
We can write programs to convert the AIXM digital NOTAM into formats readable by human such as a plain language format or a chart of the affected runway.
AIXM XML
Charts

22. AIM Common Operating Picture (COP)
Capability roadmap
2008
2010
2012
2014+
AIM Modernization “Capital Investment Program”
Initial
Segment 1 Final
Segment 2 Final
Digital NOTAM Concept Development
EUROCONTROL xNOTAM trials
AIM Common Operating Picture (COP)
Federal NOTAM System (FNS 1)
FNS 2
TFRs
Center NOTAMs
Tower Lights
ICAO
digital
Field Conditions
FDCs
Advanced Dynamic Airspace Management (ADAM 1)
ADAM 2
SUA
ALTRV (CARF)
Create Airspace
digital
TFR
ATCAA
NextGen Common Status and Structure Data (CSSD)
LOA/SOP
Digital flow constraints
AIS-Modernization (AIS-M)
briefing
flight planning submission

23. Strategic Plan
Technical - Future Systems - SWIM compliance - Legacy support
Policy - ICAO compliance - Digital capture and delivery
AIM Modernization
Outreach - Education - Human factors analysis - Stakeholder working group
Safety - Minimize stakeholder impacts - System transitions

24. Monday – 28 January UTC
On 28 January 2008, our notice too effect.
Besides redefining all legacy L NOTAMs to D NOTAMs, the system expects the text part of the NOTAM to begin with specific keywords to reduce possible confusion and identify the aeronautical attribute that is being updated. Looking forward, you can see how this begins to preposition this information towards the use of Q-Codes in ICAO Compliant NOTAMs.

25. NAV CANADA – FAA ICAO NOTAM Harmonization
Charles Montgomery
NAV CANADA Director, AIS & Flight Operations
Barry Davis, FAA Manager, Aeronautical Information Management
Management Confidential 25

26. FAA-NAV CANADA Workgroup Objectives……
Work together to achieve seamless ICAO NOTAMs between both states
Facilitate a modernization movement from legacy NOTAMs to ICAO formatted NOTAMs
Enable the transition to digital NOTAMs
Use AIXM technology (version 5 and beyond) 26

27. Joint System Harmonization
Direct entry by NOTAM authority
ICAO NOTAM format for both states
Common Series to be used by both states
Automation for upfront quality checks
Continue legacy system support
Transition activities required

28. ICAO NOTAM Series/1 Series A – Aerodrome/Movement or Landing Area
Series B – ATC Facilities and Services
Series C – Special Use Airspace
Series D – Obstruction
Series E – Airspace NOTAMs
Series F – 2nd Language Translations (e.g., French)
Series G – GNSS NOTAMs (GPS, WAAS, LAAS)
Series H – Chart Corrections

29. ICAO NOTAM Series/2 Series J – Special Notices and Advisories
Series L – Limited Distribution NOTAMs
Series M – Military
Series N – NAVAID NOTAMs
Series O – Other Aeronautical Information
Series P – Procedural
Series V – Military Procedures
Series W – Database Corrections
Series Y – Test NOTAMs
Series Z – Airway NOTAMs

30. The AIM Modernization Concept
Provide a ‘one stop shop’ for the aeronautical information services necessary for flight operations
Full Flight Plan
On-Demand NAS
Flight data management
4D Trajectory
Airspace Status
Situational Awareness
Enabling NextGen Capabilities
Performance
System Operations
Terminal
En Route
Aircraft
Global ATM Operations
System Forecast
Planning
Performance
NAS ATM Support Services
Business Services
Common Operating Picture for Aeronautical Information
Airport Evaluation Airspace Design Geodectics
Surface Evaluation
Charting
Core Aeronautical Information Services
If the information is in paper it isn’t good enough. If only one group can get it it isn’t good enough. Our customers shouldn’t have to spend effort to adapt it.
Collect
Evaluate
Distribute
Information
Data Management
Standards & Technologies
SWIM, DataComm, FTI
* Requirement to be validated and/or reallocated

31. Digital Aeronautical Information
Digital NOTAM
The solution is Digital NOTAM. We need to use AIXM to encode NOTAM information in a standard format that can be read and interpreted by computer. This will enable NOTAM information to be integrated into static aeronautical databases and allow for filtering and prioritization.

32. Aeronautical Information Exchange Model Enabling AIM Modernization
Complete data model (Airport AC 150/ B)
OGC GML 3.2 Compliant
Static and dynamic data
Common meanings and definitions
Eliminate free form text
Provides globally applicable conceptual model and exchange format for aeronautical information
Models temporality
Accommodates ICAO standards and recommendations: Annex 4 and 15
Accommodates industry requirements: ARINC 424/EUROCAE ED-99/RTCA DO-272
Others…
This aeronautical information model isn’t just an abstract concept to be discussed in these few slides; It is a reality as part of AIXM 5. AIXM is the Aeronautical Information Exchange model – a comprehensive aeronautical information content model originally developed by EUROCONTROL in the 1990’s that has been considerably expanded and modernized through the collaboration of the FAA, NGA (National Geospatial Intelligence Agency), EUROCONTROL and others.
With AIXM 5 we have taken the aeronautical information content model and implemented it as an international data standard. AIXM is designed to contain all the data necessary to support international air navigation with provisions to support data exchange and automated aeronautical products.
We have considered the semantic requirements of geometry and temporality and adopted the ISO series of geo-spatial information standards, including the use of Geography Mark-up Language (GML). We have developed a comprehensive feature identification model and a temporality model (allowing support for encoding temporary or short-lived information.) AIXM 5 includes a comprehensive and extensible message / Aeronautical Information Transaction model. AIXM 5 incorporates ICAO, industry, military and AIS regulator/provider requirements (e.g., ICAO requirements for obstacles, terminal procedures, and airport mapping databases), to create a comprehensive aeronautical data model positioned to support current and future aeronautical products and data needs. With AIXM 5 we have a concrete way to provide computer-readable aeronautical information and deliver traditional and future products.
For more information on AIXM 5 and implementation of the Semantic AI see the AIXM 5 Design Document and other materials at
The Global AIS Congress, held in August 2006, recognized the global nature of the AIXM and supported the ongoing work to define a means of providing for the further evolution of the model in a managed and supported (technically and financially) way…. [It] agreed that salient to change was the adoption by ICAO of a common aeronautical information model in accordance with the recommendation 1/8/b of the 11th Air Navigation Conference as it was an essential component of change. Moreover, the Global AIS Congress recognized that the AIXM was the only candidate and recommended that V5.0 (the GML based version) should be adopted by ICAO as the global standard. (From
Uses XML and GML
Is modular and extendable
More information at

33. Web Site www.aixm.aero Design Documents Model Details AIXM 5 Forum
Please visit the AIXM web site (
Design Documents
Model Details
AIXM 5 Forum
Digital NOTAM

34. The AIM Modernization Concept
Provide a ‘one stop shop’ for the aeronautical information services necessary for flight operations
Full Flight Plan
On-Demand NAS
Flight data management
4D Trajectory
Airspace Status
Situational Awareness
Enabling NextGen Capabilities
Performance
System Operations
Terminal
En Route
Aircraft
Global ATM Operations
System Forecast
Planning
Performance
NAS ATM Support Services
Business Services
Common Operating Picture for Aeronautical Information
Airport Evaluation Airspace Design Geodectics
Surface Evaluation
Charting
Core Aeronautical Information Services
If the information is in paper it isn’t good enough. If only one group can get it it isn’t good enough. Our customers shouldn’t have to spend effort to adapt it.
Collect
Evaluate
Distribute
Information
Data Management
Standards & Technologies
SWIM, DataComm, FTI
* Requirement to be validated and/or reallocated

35. Federal NOTAM System SWIM architecture
Users
NOTAM/CARF
Origination
NOTAM/CARF
Collection
NOTAM/CARF
Processing
NOTAM/CARF
Distribution
FAA Facilities
User
User
CARF/NOTAM Users
DOD
entry
query
FNS
Airports
External Systems
External Systems
System to
System
System to
System
Service Bus

36. System Architecture Open Geospatial Consortium compliant AIXM
GML, WFS, WMS
AIXM
SWIM Web Services
SOAP, XML
Extensible and Modular

37. Topics Vision for Aeronautical Information Management
AIM Modernization Architecture
Performance, business, information and technology
Current Activities
Federal NOTAM System initial deployment
SUA
Consolidation of web sites
Information exchange
AIXM 5

38. Federal NOTAM System 2009 operational demonstrations
2008
2010
2012
2014+
Federal NOTAM System (FNS 1)
Digital Entry
AIXM Event Specifications
SNOW, Runways and Obstacles
Web site concepts
Airport NOTAM summary
NOTAM queries
Concept validation
Technology, Policy, Safety and Outreach
Field studies
Limited deployment demonstrations
Tower Operators and Airports
System and Web Interfaces
Digital NOTAM Entry
US NOTAM System Database of Record
NOTAM Query and NOTAM Summary
Legacy Users
Digital Consumers

39. Direct NOTAM entry at Denver Airport
Safety risk analysis identified no significant hazards associated with direct entry at Denver Airport
NOTAM coordination with local ATC facilities
Training and compliance with policies and advisory circulars

40. Digital NOTAM Capture Demo notamdemo.aim.nas.faa.gov
Here is the first look at our digital NOTAM entry template. Our example here is Chicago, on the left side are the various possibilities relating to the airport. If we click runways, which right now is the only area we are working on in our Concept of Operations. The event summary shows you several active NOTAMs and their numbers, along with what your working on now (in construction).
The event editor is the work area that you are using to construct your NOTAM. Ignore the discrepancy of numbers in the editor, work in progress. What you do see is the layout and how the NOTAM is taking shape on the right hand side of this event editor and some of the buttons that will be used to complete any NOTAM.

41. Field Summary Demo notams.aim.faa.gov
This is a new concept.
We started with the SNOWTAM concept where there is a single message that showed the status of the airport and its runways. While implementing a SNOWTAM is part of our overall plan for being ICAO-compliant, what can we do with our existing tools.
The concept requires breaking the problem into two, display and entry.
Leveraging the keywords, we can produce a web page that mimics the data consolidation of a field condition report. A single page that shows all of the NOTAMs (information) organized by runway. In the example above 13L is highlighted in red because there is a NOTAM that contains “CLSD” (Closed). If there were a NOTAM that contained a SNOW condition it might be highlighted in pink or yellow (basically, not white).
In a SNOWTAM, snow information is captured as a single message. If we think of creating a Runway SNOWTAM instead of a Field [condition] SNOWTAM, we can use our existing automation to transmit the information and the power of the keywords to organize and sort the information using a display like the one above.
A runway SNOWTAM might look something like : “08/084 JFK RWY 13L SNOW XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX”

42. System to System NOTAM Entry
“Lights Out” Entry
Sample Airport Entry
“Lights out” NOTAM Capture (42% of all NOTAMs, 75% of D NOTAMs)
NavAid Capture
Procedures Capture
Airports Capture
Electronic System Interface Capture for large airports (SWIM compliant web services)
Web Capture as backup and other airports
This demonstration shows an example of an external user (a tower-lights monitoring company) being able to request a NOTAM directly from their existing systems. I have heard estimates that the US puts out 2 million NOTAMs a year. Assuming that would mean that we have 800K lights out NOTAMs annually. Combined, there are probably less than a dozen companies that produce 99% of these NOTAM requests. Today, these are FAXs and phone calls.
Large airports have automation system they use to monitor their operations. A system that seems to come up a lot is PASSUR. We are working with PASSUR to provide the capability to allow the airport authority to do direct submission and tracking of airport NOTAMs. In the long run this is how we plan on leveraging our deployments. Once we have worked out the details with Airports division and PASSUR, we can let third-party companies like PASSUR bring the airport operations on-line.
For airports that have limited local automation, we maintain our fall-back web entry solution.

43. TFR and SUA web site merge
One stop shop
Situational awareness issues
Explore concepts for spatial-temporal representation of aeronautical information
SUA.FAA.GOV
TFR.FAA.GOV

44. SUA Information Exchange
Improve scheduling
Information dissemination
SWIM Service Oriented Architecture
NASR
SAMS
ERAM
Service Oriented Architecture (SOA)
DOD
Single authoritative sources
Eliminate manual entries
AIXM-compliant
Consistent with AIM Modernization and Federal NOTAM System!

45. Register at www.aixm.aero
AIXM/WXXM Conference
AIXM 5 Information
Results of the OGC test bed
Demonstration of AIXM to the cockpit
Keynote speakers
David Lewtas, ICAO
Vicki Cox, FAA VP (NextGen)
Ken Reid (Eurocontrol)
Many others!
Vendor booths
May 12-14, 2009
Washington DC
Register at

46. DOD Coordination The Value Proposition For your consideration
Well-established standards for accessing aeronautical data
Digital data access
Timeliness and quality improvements
For your consideration
Transition from analog to digital products
Network enabled operations (SWIM)
Security and Access
Transition to military systems
Acknowledgements: DOD NOTAM office
NGA
US AF AMC

47. Conclusions and Questions
AIM is about
Digital capture and delivery of aeronautical information
Timely and high quality access to information for all customers
Information necessary to support future ATM
AIM Modernization
Customer focus
System designed for interoperability
Key short term initiatives
Federal NOTAM System trials – Denver
SUA
AIXM Conference – May 12-14

48. Thank you Information on AIM modernization Contacts
Nfdc.faa.gov/aimnews
Notams.aim.faa.gov
Notamdemo.aim.nas.faa.gov
Contacts
Brett Brunk
AIM Architecture and Planning
Barry C Davis
Manager of AIM
I would like to thank you for your time and attention. For more information about United States NOTAM modernization and outreach, please visit our web site. My contact information and Barry Davis’s contact information are attached.
Finally I would ike to acknowledge the work of Kelley Krokos of the American Institutes for Research. Her work on dispatcher and pilot perspectives provides valuable insights that we can use to guide our modernization effort. Kelley’s research is funded by the FAA Human Factors Research Group.

49. Benefits for customers Provide new digital capabilities while maintaining legacy support
Federal NOTAM System
Format
Traditional (Legacy) RWY 4/22 CLSD EXC TAXI
Faster Standardized Terms
Approx. 2015
ICAO QMRLC… A) B) C) D) E) F)
Some filtering
Following ICAO SARPS
Digital (AIXM) <RUNWAY>…</RUNWAY>
Graphical
Data fusion Advanced filtering Computer readable
Benefit
End Date