1. MODELS OF HEALTH PROMOTION

2. MODEL OF HEALTH PROMOTION 1: FOUR PARADIGMS OF HEALTH PROMOTION (CAPLAN AND HOLLAND - 1990)
Radical change
Nature of society
RADICAL HUMANIST
Holistic view of health
De-professionalization
Self-help networks
RADICAL STRUCTURLIST
Health reflects structural inequalities
Need to challenge inequity and radically transform society.
Subjective
Objective
Nature of knowledge
HUMANIST
Holistic view of health
Aims to improve understanding and development of self
Client-led
TRADITIONAL
Health = absence of disease
Aim is to change behaviour
Expert-led
Social regulation

3. MODEL OF HEALTH PROMOTION 2: HEALTH PROMOTION METHODS USING BEATTIE’S TYPOLOGY (BEATTIE – 1991)
MODE OF INTERVENTION
Legislation
Policy making and implementation
Health surveillance
Advice
Education
Behaviour change
Mass media campaign
Authoritarian
Individual
Collective
Focus of intervention
Counselling
Education
Group work
Lobbying
Action research
Skills sharing and training
Group work
Community development
Negotiated

4. MODEL OF HEALTH PROMOTION 3: A TYPOLOGY OF HEALTH PROMOTION (FRENCH – 1990)
DISEASE MANAGEMENT
Curative services
Management services
Caring services
HEALTH EDUCATION
Agenda setting
Empowerment and support
Information
DISEASE PREVENTION
Preventive services
Medical services
Behaviour change
POLITICS OF HEALTH
Social action
Policy development
Economic and fiscal policy

5. MODEL OF HEALTH PROMOTION 4: TANNAHILL’S MODEL OF HEALTH PROMOTION (DOWNIE et al – 1990)5
6. Positive health protection, e.g. workplace smoking policy.
7. Health education aimed at positive health protection, e.g. lobbying for a ban on tobacco advertising.
1. Preventive services, e.g. immunization, cervical screening, hypertension case finding, developmental surveillance, use of nicotine chewing gum to aid smoking cessation.
2. Preventive health education, e.g. smoking cessation advice and information.
Health education 7 2 4 6 1
Health
protection
Prevention 3
3. Preventive health protection, e.g. fluoridation of water.
4. Health education for preventive health protection, e.g. lobbying for seat belt legislation.
5. Positive health education, e.g lifeskills with young people.

6. MODEL OF HEALTH PROMOTION 5: THE CONTRIBUTION OF EDUCATION TO HEALTH PROMOTION (TONES et al – 1990)
Public pressure
Healthy public policy
Lobbying
Advocacy
Mediation
Healthy social and physical environment
Empowered participating community
Healthy promoting organisation
HEALTH
Healthy services
Critical consciousness raising
Agenda setting
Healthy choices
Professional education
Education for health